NADYA SAFITRI

7A SMPN 73 ICT

(information communication & technology)

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TOPIC PROBLEM What is ICT? Why we need ICT? Brief history about ICT ICT now and then (comparison) ICT gadget or media Breakthrough on ICT Positive and negative effect of ICT summary

WHAT IS ICT? According to Longman dictionary INFORMATION

is : facts or details that tell you something about a situation, person, event etc

COMMUNICATION is : the process by which people exchange information or express their thoughts and feelings

TECHNOLOGY is : new machines, equipment, and ways of doing things that are based on modern knowledge about science and computers

So ICT is : machine, equipment or ways of giving or exchange fact or detail about a situation, person, event etc

WHY WE NEED ICT? Imagine yourself living in a jungle alone. No TV,

telephone, electricity, internet, radio, satellite, friends to talk to just like the stone age period. How do you feel about it? Human being is a social creature, we must live and communicate each other. For that reason people invent many things to ease their social needs

Nowadays, people hardly live without ICT. Its almost inn every sectors of our life. Kitchen,bedroom,office,school,mosque,church, even open spaces like park or street have available communication media.

Internet,TV,Radio,Telephone,newspaper are unavailabe source to our life.

Bussiness and pleasure runs smoothly with ICT

BRIEF HISTORY ABOUT ICT

PremechanicalThe premechanical age is the earliest age of information technology. It can be defined as the time between 3000B. When humans first started communicating they would try to use language or simple picture drawings known as petrologlyths which were usually carved in rock. Early alphabets were developed such as the Phoenician alphabets.

ICT NOW AND THEN (COMPARISON)

For people without disabilities, technology makes things easier. For people with disabilities, technology makes things possible.

Take, for example, the 1980’s precursor to the Adaptech Research Network… I and a student with a visual impairment are working on a research paper. Our main technology is the typewriter. But… we heard of exciting innovations! Alas, a day and hundreds of windings and dollar signs (control characters) later we realize that word processing software for people who are blind is not yet ready for prime time. Back to the typewriter! But not for long.

By the 1990s, a major challenge is price. But American legislation resulted in more and more general use ICTs incorporating access features. Primitive, yes, but definitely the beginning of universal design in this realm as people with different disabilities used mainstream ICTs as adaptive aids. For example, most people use spell checkers. For people with some learning disabilities this is adaptive technology that helps compensate for the disability. Dictation

software, developed for professionals, was now used as adaptive technology by people with neuromuscular impairments. Screen reading and word prediction technologies, intended for individuals with disabilities, crossed over into the mainstream and were increasingly available on mobile devices. People with disabilities also used ICTs in idiosyncratic, creative ways, further clouding distinctions

between general use and adaptive computer technologies.

 

ICT GADGET OR MEDIA

Computer

Cellphone

IPad

LCD TV

MECHANICAL AND ELECTROMECANICAL AGE 1450-1840

1450 Newspapers appear in Europe 1640 The first mechanical computing machine 1831 Joeshehp Henry invents the firts electric telegraph 1835 Samuel Morse ivented Morse code. Samuel morse

invents the first long distance electric telegraph line 1856 Alexander Brain patents the firts fax machine.

Analitycalengine (the first computing device) by Charles Babbag

1867 American, sholes the firts succesfull and modern typewiter.

Thomas Edison patents the memeograph-an office coppying machine.

1876 Alexander Graham Bell Alexander Graham Bell found

telephone His research on hearing and speech further led him to

experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first US patent for the telephone in 1876

BREAKTHROUGH ON ICT Advances that have transformed how the world

communicates Advances that transformed how the world communicates are

among the top twenty-five technological breakthroughs of the past quarter century, according to a panel of experts assembled by CNN, June 19, 2005.

Advances in technology have done much to change the way we live and communicate over the past quarter century, but no breakthrough has revolutionized life as much as the advent of the "wireless world," according to a panel of experts assembled by CNN to pick the top 25.

In 1980, many telephones were attached to walls, facts were found in books, and people had to browse shelves in a record store if they wanted to buy the latest music. Now, access to all of those and more is found by just reaching into our pocket.

In the "Information Age" having immediate access to data is fundamental to progress. In some cases the advances are serving to overhaul industries at a lightning-fast pace.

BREAKTHROUGH ON ICT

The internet allowed tech-savvy music lovers to force changes in the way the music industry does business. Text messaging over cell phones has made written communication more immediate.

Having a computer in almost every American home (No. 5) has changed the way the world conducts business and how people communicate. Computers have gone from whirring behemoths to devices that fit in every room—or every pocket.

Just as computer use is exploding worldwide, the brains behind them—the processors—are getting smaller. Computer chips made the list at No. 9, and today a chip that you can balance on your fingertip can hold massive amounts of data.

This ability to store (No. 10) tons of information in cell phones or digital cameras allows us to keep our smart technology portable.

Even as our technology is getting faster and smarter, so is the e-baggage (No. 20) that comes with it.

When the internet age dawned, the World Wide Web seemed to be harmless. Today, however, we are mired in problems caused by things like online scams and viruses—traps aimed at taking down our computers and sometimes even our identities.

An entire industry meant to curb e-baggage and protect consumers has formed in reaction to this threat.

BREAKTHROUGH ON ICT

Scripting our entertainment experience Technological advances have also transformed the

entertainment industry. Satellite television and radio (No. 13) give consumers more

choices. The development of the remote control (No. 21) allows viewers to tailor their own experiences.

Video game technology has made great strides. In the early 1980s, the first wave of video games' popularity was in full swing with a little yellow Pac Man gobbling dots on a computer screen.

Today, the $10 billion a year industry produces realistic games that invite players into fantasy worlds, sports, and even wars.

The hunger for bigger and better screens with which to watch the tailored programs or new video games is being met with technological improvements. Advancements made to our television and movie screens—such as plasma TV, HDTV and IMAX—made the list at No. 24.

BREAKTHROUGH ON ICT

Leapfrogging into the future Many life-altering innovations in the past quarter-century

were made in scientific laboratories. Researchers decoded the genetic makeup of many organisms (No. 7), which led to advances in biotechnology (No. 4)—the science of manipulating an organism's genetic material.

DNA testing and forensic science (No. 14) made it possible to reunite an unidentified baby with his parents after the Asian tsunami. Law enforcement officers said it helped them crack the 30-year-old BTK serial killer case.

Amazing new technologies are changing the way crimes are investigated and solved, although this science is still not as immediate as many prime-time crime television shows make it appear.

Biometrics, the science of digitizing information; such as, fingerprints or facial features for accurate identification, and animal cloning join the ranks at Nos. 16 and 22, respectively.

BREAKTHROUGH ON ICT

Making advances Higher fuel prices sparked more interest in

alternative fuel vehicles (No. 3), and so far hybrid vehicles curry the most favor with the growing number of consumers willing to pay more for their cars to save money on fuel. Hybrid vehicles are those that use at least two power sources, typically gasoline and electricity from batteries.

As low-tech as it may seem, the compact fluorescent light bulb is doing a great deal to revolutionize quality of life. It is one of the most successful energy and water conservation devices developed to date; others include low-flow toilets and showerheads. Together they rank No. 17.

TOP TECHNOLOGY BREAKTHROUGHS

Wireless world Defense technology Alternative fuel vehicles Biotechnology Computers Lasers Genomics Global finance Processors Digital storage Space Fiber optics

o Satellite TV & radioo DNA testingo Video gameso Biometricso Energy and water saverso Scanning tunneling microscopeso Batterieso E-baggageo Remote controlso Animal cloningo Manufacturing technologyo The big pictureo Weather technology

POSITIVE & NEGATIVE EFFECT OF ICTPOSITIVE FASTER COMMUNICATION SPEED

In the past, it took a long time for any news or messages to be send. Now with the Internet, news or messages are sent via e-mail to friends, business partners or to anyone efficiently. With the capability of bandwidth, broadband and connection speed on the Internet, any information can travel fast and at an instant. It saves time and is inexpensive.

LOWER COMMUNICATION COSTUsing the Internet is cost-effective than the other modes of communication such as telephone, mailing or courier service. It allows people to have access to large amounts of data at a very low cost. With the Internet we do not have to pay for any basic services provided by the Internet. Furthermore, the cost of connection to the Internet is relatively cheap.

NEGATIVE

SOCIAL PROBLEMSTHERE ARE SOME NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF

ICT. IT HAS CREATED SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN THE SOCIETY. NOWADAYS, PEOPLE TEND TO CHOOSE ONLINE COMMUNICATION RATHER THAN HAVING REAL TIME CONVERSATIONS. PEOPLE TEND TO BECOME MORE INDIVIDUALISTIC AND INTROVERT.

ANOTHER NEGATIVE EFFECT OF ICT IS :• FRAUD• IDENTITY THEFT• PORNOGRAPHY• HACKING

THIS WILL RESULT A MORAL DECEDENT AND GENERATE THREADS TO THE SOCIETY.HEALTY PROBLEMS

A COMPUTER MAY HARM USERS IF THEY USE IT FOR LONG HOURS FREQUENTLY. COMPUTER USERS ARE ALSO EXPOSED TO BAD POSTURE, EYESTRAIN, PHYSICAL AND MENTAL STRESS. IN ORDER TO SOLVE THE HEALTH PROBLEMS, AN ERGONOMIC ENVIRONMENT CAN BE INTRODUCED. FOR EXAMPLE, AN ERGONOMIC CHAIR CAN REDUCES BACK STRAIN AND A SCREEN FILTER IS USED TO MINIMIZE EYE STRAIN.

SUMMARY Information technology has entered our lives over a relatively brief

period of time with little warning and essentially no formal educational preparation for most people.

Many who currently use information technology have only a limited understanding of the tools they use and a (probably correct) belief that they are underutilizing them.

Many citizens do not feel confident or in control when confronted by information technology, and they would like to be more certain of themselves.

There have been impressive claims for the potential benefits of information technology, and many would like to realize those benefits.

There is concern on the part of some citizens that changes implied by information technology embody potential risks to social values, freedoms or economic interests, etc., obligating them to become informed.

Source :www. Nap.eduwww.wordinfo.infowww. Adaptech.org