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    Redpaper

    Copyright IBM Corp. 2011. All rights reserved. ibm.com/redbooks 1

    IBM System Storage N series and

    Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    Introduction

    Virtual infrastructure solutions, such as Microsoft Hyper-V, empower ITorganizations to rapidly deploy virtual machines in all phases: development, test,

    and production. The tasks involved to deploy virtual machines usually generatemany physical copies of virtual machine images, which demands more storage

    resources to maintain the many virtual machine instances and managementresources to execute the many manual steps required to deploy these virtual

    machines individually.

    This IBM Redpaper document describes how integration of Microsoft virtualenvironments with N series storage technology can resolve these challenges by

    helping organizations reduce the efforts spent deploying individual virtualmachines and reduce the amount of storage required to support the deployment

    of individual virtual machines, thereby reducing the costs associated with space,power, and cooling. Use of N series Snapshot and FlexClone technology, alongwith N series deduplication, can support the rapid deployment of tens, hundreds,

    and even thousands of virtual machines in minutes while minimizing the totalstorage supporting such a deployment by 50% or more when compared to a

    baseline of traditional storage.

    Alex Osuna

    Luiz Paulo Moreira

    Santhosh Rao

    http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/
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    2 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    Provisioning concepts

    This section describes the concepts of N series with Microsoft Hyper V pertinent

    to provisioning, and how your environment can benefit from these features,

    saving space and improving the time line for new Vir tual Servers deployment.

    Requirements for Hyper-V

    Hyper-V requires specific hardware. You can identify systems that support the

    x64 architecture and Hyper-V by searching the Windows Server catalog forHyper-V as an additional qualification. The Windows Server catalog is available

    at the Microsoft website (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=111228).

    To install and use the Hyper-V role, you need the following:

    An x64-based processor. Hyper-V is available in x64-based versions ofWindows Server 2008, specifically, the x64-based versions of Windows

    Server 2008 Standard, Windows Server 2008 Enterprise, and WindowsServer 2008 Datacenter.

    Hardware-assisted virtualization. This is available in processors that include a

    virtualization option, specifically, Intel Vir tualization Technology (Intel VT) or

    AMD Virtualization (AMD-V). Hardware-enforced Data Execution Prevention (DEP). DEP must be available

    and enabled. Specifically, you must enable the Intel XD bit (execute disablebit) or AMD NX bit (no execute bit).

    N series Snapshot and Flexclone

    The traditional VM provisioning process involves tedious and time-consuming

    tasks such as provisioning storage, installing the OS environment, patching it upwith required service packs and applications, and rolling it out to the end users.

    N series storage, with its Snapshot and FlexClone technologies, facilitates aninstantaneous, zero-space-consuming, writable copy of the flexible volumes.These FlexClone volumes can be provisioned within a matter of minutes. They

    contain LUNs with virtual hard drives (VHDs) which can be connected to andused as individual OS instances for virtual machines.

    N series deduplication for space savings

    Creating multiple copies of the golden virtual machine images specific to userrequirements can result in higher space utilization. Deduplication technology

    operates at the block level, eliminating data blocks with identical content, and

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 3

    maintaining a single copy of the data set, thereby achieving a higher level ofspace savings. Deduplication can be implemented in a production environment

    with minimal effect on actual storage performance and in some environmentscan even increase actual storage performance.

    Virtual machine provisioning process

    This section guides you through the process of provisioning Hyper-V virtualmachines with N series cloning techniques.

    Figure 1 illustrates the process flow for provisioning a VM.

    Figure 1 Process flow for provisioning Hyper-V VMs using N series cloning

    Preparing the golden virtual machine

    In cases where the infrastructure requires multiple copies of the OS instance,

    installation is a repetitive and time-consuming task. Server virtualization offers anefficient method to reduce this task and allows attaching an existing image as an

    OS disk. Using this capability, you can perform a one-time installation of the childOS and designate it as a golden image. The golden image can be updated at

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    4 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    any time with required service packs and applications as needed, and then theadministrators can propagate the changes to all the appropriate desktops and

    servers in a matter of minutes.

    The following sections describe how to prepare your N series storage for a new

    golden image with Microsoft Hyper-V.

    Provisioning storage for Hyper-V serverFollow the steps in this section to provision storage for the Hyper-V server.

    1. Create the aggregate.

    You can use a pre-existing aggregate or you can create a new one. If youdecide to create a new aggregate, review the following criteria before

    establishing the design of your new aggregate: Double Parity: This option will benefit your new aggregate and protect it

    against double disk failure. This options is the preferred RAID level for an

    aggregate.

    RAID Group Size: It is recommended to keep the default configuration,which is 16 disks per raid group in most cases.

    Disk Selection: Automatic options is selected by default; however, youcan always select the disks you prefer to use by specifying the disk list

    when creating your aggregate. Disk Size: Any size is the default option set when creating new

    aggregates; however, it is recommended that disks of the same size be

    used when creating or expanding an aggregate.

    Number of disks: For aggregates using RAID-DP, a minimum of threedisks are required; however, it is recommended that you use as many disk

    as available when provisioning a new aggregate. The largest aggregates

    will benefit from the increased I/O capacity of all the spindles.

    Example 1 shows how to create a new aggregate.

    Example 1 Creating a new aggregate with RAID-DP

    itsotuc4> aggr create aggr1 -f -r 16 -t raid_dp -d 0c.48 0a.49 0a.500a.51 0a.52 0a.53Creation of an aggregate with 6 disks has completed.itsotuc4> Thu Mar 31 13:45:19 MST [wafl.vol.add:notice]: Aggregateaggr1 has been added to the system.

    http://-/?-http://-/?-
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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 5

    In Example 1, a new aggr1 aggregate was created with the following optionsspecified:

    RAID group type: RAID DP

    RAID group size: 16 disks

    Number of disks: 62. Create the golden volume.

    In this step, a new flexible volume is created at the aggregate created in theprevious step. This flexible volume will be accessed later by Hyper-V over

    FCP or iSCSI. Flexible volume size can be resized according to yourapplications requirements.

    Review the following criteria before you create your new flexible volume:

    Language: Keep the default language unless you plan to install anapplication at the Virtual Disks that requires a specific language.

    Space Guarantee: Either space guarantee option File or None can bechosen when creating a new flexible volume.

    Snap Reserve: In most cases, set the snapshot reserve for 0% anddisable the default snapshot schedule when creating flexible volumes to

    share LUNs to other systems.

    Example 2 shows how to create a new 100 GB flexvol volume at the

    aggregate created previously using english language, file space guarantee,and space reservation set for 0%.

    Example 2 Creating a new flexible volume

    itsotuc4> vol create flex_vol -l en -s file aggr1 100gCreation of volume 'flex_vol' with size 100g on containing aggregate'aggr1' has completed.itsotuc4> snap reserve flex_vol 0itsotuc4> snap sched flex_vol 0 0 0@0

    Notice that in Example 2 the snapshot reserve was set to 0% and the

    snapshot schedule disabled. This volume will be used later for storing theLUN where the golden VM will be created.

    Connecting storage to the Hyper-V serverFollow these steps to connect the storage.

    1. Connect to the N series storage using SnapDrive for Windows.

    N series SnapDrive for Windows can be used on the Windows 2008 R2Server to manage the N series storage system. Information about installing

    and configuring SnapDrive for Windows can be found in SnapDrive for

    http://-/?-http://-/?-
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    6 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    Windows Installation and Administration Guideathttps://www-304.ibm.com/support/entdocview.wss?uid=ssg1S7003056

    2. Create a LUN using N series SnapDrive in the golden volume.

    After SnapDrive for Windows is installed and configured, create a new LUN

    within the flexible volume created in the previous step. Use the followingsteps to create a LUN:

    a. At the Server Manager, select StorageSnapDrive, select your servername and right-click Disks.

    b. Select Create Disk. When the Create Disk Wizard starts, click Next.

    c. Enter the name or IP address of the storage system where the flexvolvolume was created previously and click Add.

    d. Select the flexvol volume created previously and enter your new LUNname in the LUN Name field (Figure 2). Click Next.

    Figure 2 Creating a new LUN at N series storage

    e. Select the LUN Type. Be sure to select the correct LUN type for your

    environment: Dedicated is appropriate for individual servers. Shared is appropriate for clustered server nodes.

    Click Next to continue.

    https://www-304.ibm.com/support/entdocview.wss?uid=ssg1S7003056https://www-304.ibm.com/support/entdocview.wss?uid=ssg1S7003056
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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 7

    f. Assign a letter to your new LUN and select the desired size. Rememberthat your LUN cannot exceed the flexvol volume size created previously.

    Click Next to continue.

    g. Select the initiators that will be used to map the LUN. You can chose to

    use a Fiber Channel Initiator or an iSCSI initiator, or both.

    Figure 3 Selecting Initiators to be used by the new LUN

    h. Specify automatic or manual selection of an Initiator Group (igroup). If aninitiator group already exists on the N series storage being used, you can

    just select the manual option and select the existing igroup at the nextpanel (Figure 4 on page 8).

    Otherwise, chose automatic options to create a new igroup.

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    8 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    Figure 4 Selecting an existing igroup

    i. A summary of your selections is displayed on the next panel (Figure 5).

    Click Finish to complete the wizard.

    Your new disk will be available at SnapDrive and Windows Explorer.

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 9

    Figure 5 Summary of new disk changes

    For additional information about SnapDrive for Windows and managing LUNsthrough Snapdrive for Windows, access the SnapDrive Administration Guide at:

    https://www-304.ibm.com/support/entdocview.wss?uid=ssg1S7003056

    Building the golden virtual machineThe golden virtual machine is the virtual image you will always replicate fromwhen creating new virtual machines. It provides a basic image, which lets you

    avoid having to install and set up an OS on each new virtual machine. This

    section presents the detailed steps for building the golden vir tual machine.

    1. Create a VM using Hyper-V Manager or SCVMM.

    Follow these steps to create a virtual server using Hyper-V:

    a. At the Server Manager, select Roles Hyper-V Hyper-V managerand select the server that will host the new virtual machine.

    b. Right-click the Hyper-V server name and select New Virtual Machine.The Virtual Machine Wizard will start.

    c. Click Next to create a customized VM. (If you click Finish instead,Hyper-V will create a default VM without the settings you require.)

    d. As shown in Figure 6, specify the new VM Name and the location where it

    https://www-304.ibm.com/support/entdocview.wss?uid=ssg1S7003056https://www-304.ibm.com/support/entdocview.wss?uid=ssg1S7003056
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    10 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    will be stored. Enable the check box Store the vir tual machine in adifferent location and create a new folder in which to store the VM at the

    new disk created in the previous procedure. Click Next to continue.

    e. Specify the amount of memory to allocate to your new virtual machine.

    Verify in the appropriate OS installation guide the recommended size ofmemory before setting this option. Enter the desired value and click Next.

    f. Specify the network connection to use at your VMs network adapter and

    click Next.

    Figure 6 Specifying name and location of new VM

    g. Specify the storage configuration for you new virtual machine. Select theoption Create a virtual hard disk and specify the name and location of the

    new virtual hard disk. The new hard disk must be stored in the same LUNcreated and assigned to the physical Hyper-V server previously. Click

    Next to continue.

    h. On the Installation Options panel, select Install an operating system later

    and click Next.

    i. A summary panel will be displayed. Review your entries, then click Finishto complete creation of the new VM.

    Your new virtual machine is now created and turned off.

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 11

    2. Install the child operating system.

    To install a new operating system at your new VM you must mount the DVDdrive to a physical drive from your physical Hyper-V server or to an .ISO

    image. Use the following steps to mount the drive:

    a. At the Hyper-V Manager, verify that your new VM is turned off.

    b. Right-click the new VM and select Settings.

    c. On the right side of the Settings panel, select the DVD Drive option IDEController 1, as shown in Figure 7.

    Figure 7 Golden VM settings

    d. Make the appropriate selection in the Media section. Select Image File touse an .ISO image file to install your operating system or select Physical

    CD/DVD drive to use the physical Hyper-V servers DVD drive. If you

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    12 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    select the Physical CD/DVD option, ensure that the OS installation disk isinserted prior to starting your new VM.

    e. After the DVD drive is mounted and the required media or ISO image is

    available for the OS installation, right-click your new VM at Hyper-V

    Manager and click Start.Based on your specifications, your new VM will boot from the .ISO image orfrom a pyshical DVD drive and the OS installation will start. Follow the

    instructions in the installation guide for your operating system to complete theinstallation.

    3. Installation of the Hyper-V Integration Services, also known as integration

    components (ICs) is an optional but recommended process.

    The ICs are installed for time synchronization, heartbeat, shutdown,

    key/value pair exchange, and Volume Shadow-Copy Service purposes. Toinstall the Integration Services, connect to your new VM and perform thefollowing steps:

    a. Select the Action menu.

    b. Select Insert Integration Services Setup Diskto add the IntegrationServices to your new VM.

    c. If installation does not start automatically, navigate to the installation CD

    and install from there.

    d. Reboot your VM to have the changes taking effect.

    After installing Integration Services and rebooting your VM, you will be able to

    control the new VM using a mouse.

    4. Install all applications and necessary OS and application updates.

    The virtual machine image is a golden copy that will be used to provisionidentical VMs. To avoid repetitive application installations, it is a good idea toinstall all OS-related patches, such as service packs, and all required

    applications, including antivirus applications, office automation software, andso on.

    5. Configure the child OS and shut down the VM.

    VMs provisioned from a golden image must be configured using the MicrosoftSystem Preparation (SysPrep) Tool before pushing them into production.

    This configuration process generates a secure ID (SID) for the operatingsystem instance so that it remains unique. Refer to Microsoft KB 302577 for

    the detailed instructions.

    6. Enable N series deduplication on the volume.

    Multiple LUNs can be created in a single FlexVol volume and copies of VHDscan be stored on these LUNs, which would be attached to the Hyper-V server

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 13

    as physical disks. Each Hyper-V virtual machine might have the same or adifferent set of applications installed within the operating system environment

    (OSE) as needed. Space savings can be achieved with the N seriesdeduplication capabilities.

    To enable deduplication, follow these steps:a. At the N series console, enable deduplication by issuing this command:

    sis on /vol/volume_name

    b. Start deduplication by running this command:

    sis start -s /vol/volume_name

    Example 3 shows how to enable and start deduplication on a flexvol volume.

    Example 3 Enabling deduplication on a flexvol volumeitsotuc4> sis on /vol/flexvol_vmSIS for "/vol/flexvol_vm" is enabled.Already existing data could be processed by running "sis start -s/vol/flexvol_vm".itsotuc4> sis start -s /vol/flexvol_vmThe file system will be scanned to process existing data in/vol/flexvol_vm.This operation may initialize related existing metafiles.

    Are you sure you want to proceed (y/n)? yThe SIS operation for "/vol/flexvol_vm" is started.itsotuc4>

    Before enabling deduplication on the flexible volume, make sure that best

    practices have been followed to disable space reservation on all LUNs withinthe flexible volume by unselecting Space Reserved in the LUN properties. To

    disable space reservation, follow these steps:

    a. Connect to the Filer Viewer GUI by opening a web browser and navigatingto http:\\Nseries_name\na_admin (use https if SSL is enabled at your Nseries). See Figure 8 on page 14.

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    14 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    Figure 8 Filer Viewer GUI

    b. Select Filer Viewer options. A new panel will appear.

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 15

    c. Select LUNManage as shown in Figure 9.

    Figure 9 Managing LUNs

    d. Select the desired LUN to open the LUN properties.

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    16 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    e. In the LUN properties window, unselect the check box Space Reserved.See Figure 10.

    Figure 10 Disabling Space Reserved at LUN

    Cloning the golden VM

    This section guides you through the process of creating a snapshot from your

    golden VM and generating a flexclone, which will be used when provisioning newVMs.

    1. Clone the golden VM using N series Snapshot technology.

    N series FlexVol volumes can be cloned with zero space consumed by

    creating N series Snapshot copies. An individual connection can beestablished to the LUNs existing on these clones to attach them as separatephysical disks to the Hyper-V server. There are several ways to create a

    Snapshot copy.

    To create the Snapshot copy from an N series console, use the followingsteps:

    a. Connect to the N series console.

    b. Run the following command:snap create volume_name snapshot_name

    See Figure 4 on page 17 for more details.

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 17

    Example 4 - Creating a snapshot copy from the N series console

    itsotuc4> snap create flexvol_vm FlexVol_VM1

    itsotuc4> snap list flexvol_vm

    Volume flexvol_vmworking....

    %/used %/total date name---------- ---------- ------------ --------0% ( 0%) 0% ( 0%) Apr 05 11:37 FlexVol_VM1

    itsotuc4>

    To create a snapshot copy from SnapDrive for Windows, follow these steps:

    a. At the Server Manager, open SnapDrive for Windows and expand thedisks.

    b. Select the desired disk and click Create Snapshot on the right side menu.

    c. Type the new snapshot name and click OK to complete. See Figure 11.

    Figure 11 Creating a SnapShot from SnapDrive for Windows

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    18 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    2. Connect the disks in the N series Snapshot copy using N series SnapDrive.

    After the snapshot copy has been successfully created we can useSnapDrive to connect to the individual LUNs within the Snapshot copy as

    individual disks. We will create FlexClone volumes of this Snapshot copy.

    To connect the Snapshot copy as an individual disk, follow these steps:

    a. At Snapdrive for Windows, select Connect Diskon the right side menu.

    b. The Connect Disk window is displayed. Enter the N Series Storage name;select the target source LUN where snapshots were generated andexpand it.

    c. Select the desired snapshot and expand it. You will see a snapshot copy ofyour Golden VM LUN. Select the snapshot copy and click Next. See

    Figure 12.

    Figure 12 Connecting a snapshot copy as a individual disk

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 19

    d. Select the LUN Type. Select Dedicated options to configure your newdisk as a dedicated one. Click Next to continue.

    e. Assign a new letter for your new disk and click Next to continue.

    f. Select the initiator to be used by your new disk. See Figure 13.

    Figure 13 - Selecting Initiator for new LUN

    g. At the Initiator Group Management panel specify either Automatic or

    Manual selection of the igroup. Select Manual and click Next to continue.

    h. Select the existing igroup for your N series storage and click Next. See

    Figure 14.

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    20 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    Figure 14 - Manual selection of group initiator

    i. A summary of the new disk settings is displayed. Review thespecifications and click Finish to complete the procedure.

    Provisioning the VMs

    This section describes the steps to create a new virtual machine using the new

    disk generated from the Golden VM snapshot.

    1. Create a new virtual machine. Use the following steps to create a new virtualserver using Hyper-V:

    a. At the Server Manager, select RolesHyper-VHyper-V managerand select the server that will host the new virtual machine.

    b. Right-click the Hyper-V server name and select New Virtual Machine.The Virtual Machine Wizard will start.

    c. Click Next to create a customized VM. (If you click Finish instead,

    Hyper-V will create a default VM without the settings you require.)

    d. Specify the new VMs Name and the location where it will be stored. See

    Figure 15. Enable the check box Store the virtual machine in a differentlocation and create a new folder to store the VM on the new disk createdpreviously. Click Next to continue.

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 21

    Figure 15 Creating a new virtual machine with Hyper-V

    e. Specify the amount of memory to allocate to your new virtual machine.Consult the OS installation guide to determine the recommended size of

    memory before setting this option. Enter the desired value and click Next.

    f. Specify the network connection you want to use at your VMs networkadapter and click Next.

    g. Specify the storage configuration for you new virtual machine. Selectoption Attach a virtual hard disk later and click Next to continue.

    h. At the Installation Options panel, select option Install an operating systemlater and click Next.

    i. A summary panel will appear. Verify your settings and click Finish to

    complete creation of the new VM.

    At this point, you have just create your new VM. An operating system was notassigned yet. The next step is to attach your new VM to the new diskoriginated from the Golden VMs snapshot.

    2. Attach the golden VHD images that exist on the FlexClone volume.

    Before attaching your flexclone volume to your new vir tual machine,

    remember that the virtual disk and folders structure of your new VHD contains

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    22 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    all the labels from your Golden VM. You might want to rename the folders andVHD to reflect the name of your new vir tual machine.

    Follow these steps to attach your flexclone volume to your new virtual

    machine:

    a. At the Hyper-V management console, select your new virtual machine andselect Settings from the right side menu.

    b. On the Settings window, select IDE Controller 0 to configure yourflexclone disk as the local hard drive.

    c. At the IDE Controller properties panel, select the Hard Drive option and

    click Add. See Figure 16.

    d. The current window is updated with new fields to be filled with new VHD

    information.

    Figure 16 - Virtual Machine IDE Controller 0 properties

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 23

    e. In the Media options section, enable Virtual hard disk (.vhd) file.

    f. Click Browse and specify the required path for your flexclone volume andthe .vhd file. See Figure 17.

    g. Click Apply to complete the procedure.

    Figure 17 - IDE Controller 0 - Attaching virtual disk.

    Your new virtual machine has just been created as an image from your

    Golden VM. At this point, you must connect to Hyper-V and start your newVM. See Figure 18.

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    24 IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning

    Figure 18 - Starting the new Virtual Server

    Your new server is now ready for all required customization.

    The team who wrote this paper

    This paper was produced by a team of specialists from around the world workingat the International Technical Support Organization, Tucson Center.

    Alex Osuna is a Project Leader at the International Technical SupportOrganization, Tucson Center. He writes extensively on all areas of storage.Before joining the ITSO 6 years ago, Alex worked in the Tivoli Western Regionas a Principal Systems Engineer. Alex has over 33 years in the IT industry with

    IBM and the US government and has certifications from IBM, USAF, Microsoft,and Redhat.

    Luiz Paulo Moreira is an N series System Administrator in Brazil. Luiz has 10years of experience in IT and 4 years of experience with N series storage

    systems. Luiz holds the degree of Telecomunication Engineer from UNITAU(University of Taubat - Taubat/Brazil). His areas of experience includeWindows server management, malware defense, backup and recovery, and SAN

    Management.

    Santhosh Rao is a Technical Director at NetApp specializing in technologyleadership, M&A, strategic planning, product conception, architecture, execution

    and delivery. His work with customers and partners includes evangelizingproducts and designing joint road maps. His assignments have a

    cross-functional focus spanning R&D, product management, and pre-sales andsales support.

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    IBM System Storage N series and Microsoft Hyper-V Provisioning 25

    Now you can become a published author, too!

    Here's an opportunity to spotlight your skills, grow your career, and become a

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