IPV4 ADDRESS SUB-NETTING PROCESSEstibenson Arévalo Mesa

WHAT IS SUBNETTING?

Is to divide an IP address or physical network in logical subnets (network smaller), these work at sending and receiving packets as the single network. The subnets permit an administration, flow control and segment good.

THE PROCESS EXPLEIN

Given an IP address of 198.133.219.0/24, with 2 bits borrowed for subnets.

NEXT CASE…

DEVELOPMENT

1. determine IP class, this allow to know that bits can use.

4.

2. last octet convert from decimal to binary, identify bits of network and bits of host allows.

3. Networks and host for subnet determine…

• Subnets number

• Host for subnet number

Subnets = 2^n In this case 2^2 = 4 Subnets

Host = 2^n-2 In this case 2^6-2 = 62 Host for subnet

Subnet #1

MASK: 255.255.255.192ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.0BROADCAST: 198.133.219.63FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.1LAST HOST: 198.133.219.62

Subnet #2

MASK: 255.255.255.192ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.64BROADCAST: 198.133.219.127FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.65LAST HOST: 198.133.219.126

4. It writes sgnificant values of subnets.

Subnet #4

MASK: 255.255.255.192ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.192BROADCAST: 198.133.219.255FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.193LAST HOST: 198.133.219.254

Subnet #3

MASK: 255.255.255.192ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.128BROADCAST: 198.133.219.191FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.129LAST HOST: 198.133.219.190

GLOSSARY1. APPLICATIONS: A complete software program designed for end users.

2. BINARY: A numbering system characterized by ones and zeros (1= On, 0= off).

3. BINARY VALUES: A combination of binary digits that represent a certain value.

4. BITS: A bit is a binary digit, taking a value of either 0 or 1. Binary digits are units of information storage and communications in computing.

5. BROADCAST: A from of transmission whereupon one device transmits to all devices wirithin the network or on another network.

6. CHANNEL: The medium used to transport information from a sender to a receiver.

7. CLASSFUL ADDRESSING: in the early days of IPv4, IP address are divided into 5 classes, namely, Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E

8. CLASSLESS ADDRESSING: IPv4 addressing scheme that uses a subnet mask that does not follow classful addressing rules. It provides incresed flexibility when dividing ranges of IP address into separate networks.

9. COMPUTER VIRUS: A computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer without permission or knowledge of the user.

10. DATA NETWORKS: digital networks used to send data between computers.

11. DOWNLOAD: Transfering data (usually a file) from another computer to the computer you are using.

12. END DEVICES: A device such as e desktop or movile device that is used by an end user.

13. FIBER OPTICS: Physical medium that uses glass or plastic threads to transmit data. A fiber optic cable consists of a bundle of these threads, each of which is capable of transmitting electric signals into light waves.

14. FIREWALL: A firewall is a hardware or a softwre application designed to protect network devices from outside networks users and/or malicious applications and files.

15. GBPS: Gigabits (a billion bits) per second.

16. HARDWARE: hardware are physical components of a computer, such as the hard drive, memory chip, motherboard, CPU, etc.

17. INTERNET: Is a publicly accessible network of interconect computer networks that transmit data by using IP, the internet protocol.

18. IPv4: Short the internet protocol version 4. it is the current version of internet protocol.

19. LINUX: A Linux-like computer operating system family. some versions of Linux are free with underlying source code available for anyone to use.

20. MAC ADDRESS: Standarized data link layer address that is required for every port or device that conects to a LAN.

21. MEDIUM: A physical medium in which date is tranfered for example, UTP is a from of networking media.22. NETWORK: A network is multiple computers connected together using a communications System. them porpuse of a network is for computers to communicate and share files.

23. OCTET: A group of 8 binary bits. Is similar, but not the same, to byte. one application in computer networking is to use octet to divide IPv4 addresses into 4 components.

24. PDA: A PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) is a hand-held device normally used to help keep a personal organized.

25. ROUTER: Network leyer device that uses one more metrics to determine the optimal path along which network traffic should be forwarded.

26. SINTAX: The rules governing the form of communication.

27. TRAILER: The control information opperated to date when date is encapsulated for network transmission.

28. UPLOAD: To transmit data to a server or to another receiving device.

29. VIRTUAL TERMINAL VTY: A command line interface created in a router for a telnet session.

30. WELL KNOWN PORTS: Ports that range from 0 - 1023.