i pv4 address subnetting pdf
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IPV4 ADDRESS SUB-NETTING PROCESS
Estibenson Arévalo Mesa
WHAT IS SUBNETTING?
Is to divide an IP address or physical network in
logical subnets (network smaller), these work at
sending and receiving packets as the single
network. The subnets permit an administration,
flow control and segment good.
THE PROCESS EXPLEIN
Given an IP address of 198.133.219.0/24,
with 2 bits borrowed for subnets.
NEXT CASE…
DEVELOPMENT
1. determine IP class, this allow to
know that bits can use.
4.
2. last octet convert from decimal to
binary, identify bits of network and
bits of host allows.
3. Networks and host for subnet
determine…
• Subnets number
• Host for subnet number
Subnets = 2^n In this case 2^2 = 4 Subnets
Host = 2^n-2 In this case 2^6-2 = 62 Host for subnet
Subnet #1
MASK: 255.255.255.192
ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.0
BROADCAST: 198.133.219.63
FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.1
LAST HOST: 198.133.219.62
Subnet #2
MASK: 255.255.255.192
ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.64
BROADCAST: 198.133.219.127
FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.65
LAST HOST: 198.133.219.126
4. It writes sgnificant
values of subnets.
Subnet #4
MASK: 255.255.255.192
ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.192
BROADCAST: 198.133.219.255
FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.193
LAST HOST: 198.133.219.254
Subnet #3
MASK: 255.255.255.192
ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.128
BROADCAST: 198.133.219.191
FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.129
LAST HOST: 198.133.219.190
GLOSSARY
1. APPLICATIONS: A complete software program
designed for end users.
2. BINARY: A numbering system characterized by
ones and zeros (1= On, 0= off).
3. BINARY VALUES: A combination of binary digits
that represent a certain value.
4. BITS: A bit is a binary digit, taking a value of either
0 or 1. Binary digits are units of information storage
and communications in computing.
5. BROADCAST: A from of transmission whereupon
one device transmits to all devices wirithin the
network or on another network.
6. CHANNEL: The medium used to transport
information from a sender to a receiver.
7. CLASSFUL ADDRESSING: in the early days of IPv4,
IP address are divided into 5 classes, namely, Class
A, Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E
8. CLASSLESS ADDRESSING: IPv4 addressing
scheme that uses a subnet mask that does not
follow classful addressing rules. It provides incresed
flexibility when dividing ranges of IP address into
separate networks.
9. COMPUTER VIRUS: A computer virus is a computer
program that can copy itself and infect a computer
without permission or knowledge of the user.
10. DATA NETWORKS: digital networks used to send
data between computers.
11. DOWNLOAD: Transfering data (usually a file) from
another computer to the computer you are using.
12. END DEVICES: A device such as e desktop or
movile device that is used by an end user.
13. FIBER OPTICS: Physical medium that uses glass
or plastic threads to transmit data. A fiber optic cable
consists of a bundle of these threads, each of which
is capable of transmitting electric signals into light
waves.
14. FIREWALL: A firewall is a hardware or a softwre
application designed to protect network devices from
outside networks users and/or malicious
applications and files.
15. GBPS: Gigabits (a billion bits) per second.
16. HARDWARE: hardware are physical
components of a computer, such as the hard drive,
memory chip, motherboard, CPU, etc.
17. INTERNET: Is a publicly accessible network of
interconect computer networks that transmit data by
using IP, the internet protocol.
18. IPv4: Short the internet protocol version 4. it is
the current version of internet protocol.
19. LINUX: A Linux-like computer operating system
family. some versions of Linux are free with
underlying source code available for anyone to use.
20. MAC ADDRESS: Standarized data link layer
address that is required for every port or device that
conects to a LAN.
21. MEDIUM: A physical medium in which date is
tranfered for example, UTP is a from of networking
media.
22. NETWORK: A network is multiple computers
connected together using a communications
System. them porpuse of a network is for computers
to communicate and share files.
23. OCTET: A group of 8 binary bits. Is similar, but not
the same, to byte. one application in computer
networking is to use octet to divide IPv4 addresses
into 4 components.
24. PDA: A PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) is a hand-
held device normally used to help keep a personal
organized.
25. ROUTER: Network leyer device that uses one
more metrics to determine the optimal path along
which network traffic should be forwarded.
26. SINTAX: The rules governing the form of
communication.
27. TRAILER: The control information opperated to
date when date is encapsulated for network
transmission.
28. UPLOAD: To transmit data to a server or to another
receiving device.
29. VIRTUAL TERMINAL VTY: A command line interface
created in a router for a telnet session.
30. WELL KNOWN PORTS: Ports that range from 0 -
1023.