Hydrology UnitReview

The continuous movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land

and back to the ocean is called what?

The Water Cycle

Most of the Earth surface is covered with what?

Saltwater

Small organisms which live on the surface of the ocean and produce

food and oxygen through photosynthesis are called what?

phytoplankton

Which zone of the ocean would organisms which can

tolerate the highest pressures live?

The abyssal zone

Water collects underground in areas

called what?

aquifers

Most of the oil that pollutes the ocean is caused by what

kind of pollution?

Non point-source

Continually removing more fish from an area of the ocean than the fish population can replace

is known as what?

Overfishing

The technology which uses sound waves to measure the depth of water is called what?

Sonar

The process of using energy from the sun to create sugar

from carbon dioxide and water is known as what?

photosynthesis

What is the only ocean zone which is not covered with

water at all times?

The inter-tidal zone

A measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of water is called

what?

Salinity

The most abundant salt in the ocean is what?

Sodium Chloride

When liquid water changes to water vapor what is that

called?

Evaporation

When freshwater streams flow directly into the salt water of the ocean what

marine ecosystem is formed?

An Estuary

The feeding relationships between organisms in an

ecosystem is known as what?

A Food Web

The large flat area of the deep ocean basin is known

as what?

The Abyssal Plain

When water vapor cools and becomes liquid water we call

it what?

Condensation

A rise of cold water from deep in the ocean to the warmer surface is called

what?

upwelling

The Ocean Current which takes tropical water to England

keeping the weather on the British Isles warmer and wetter

than it otherwise would be is known as what?

The Gulf Stream

The introduction of harmful substances into the environment is called what?

pollution

The area of land that feeds a river system is called what?

Watershed, river basin

Protective borders of vegetation along a stream

are called what?

Riparian zones

The measure of the percent of a rock layer which is made up of space is called what?

porosity

What law did congress pass which regulates pollution in

our nation’s waters?

The Clean Water Act

Finding stoneflies larvae in a stream indicates what about

the stream?

It is healthy

What would you be testing if you were lowering a Secchi

Disk into water?

turbidity

What are the two primary challenges with human exploration of the deep

ocean?

Temperature and pressure

The most significant non-pointsource pollution in

North Carolina waterways?

sediment

Parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism are all forms

of what?

symbiosis

High levels of coliform bacteria found in a creek

could indicate what kind of pollution is entering the

creek?

Human or Animal waste

The greatest amount of biomass in a healthy

ecosystem is found in which kinds of organisms?

Producers

Organisms which live together in a relationship

where both organisms benefit are in what kind of

symbiotic relationship?

mutualism

The producers found at smoker vents deep in the

ocean, produce food by what process?

chemosynthesis

What is most likely to increase the flow rate in a

stream?

precipitation

The relationship of feeding between organisms in an

ecosystem is known as what?

The Food Web

What device is used to measure precipitation?

Rain gauge

An organism in an ecosystem that depends on

specific conditions to survive might be able to be used as

what?

A bioindicator

What is the most important factor in the survival of most

aquatic organisms?

Dissolved oxygen

When the source of pollution can be traced back to a single, specific site, it is known as what kind of pollution?

Point source

All water on the Earth is collectively known as what?

The Hydrosphere

The cause of increased algal bloom in water might be the

result of what kind of pollution?

Nutrients, fertilizer, animal waste

In drought conditions, what happens to the water table?

it gets lower

Upwelling is important to the ocean environment

because it brings what to the surface?

nutrients

Run off from roads and parking lots would be

considered what kind of pollution?

Non-point source

How does acid rain affect the pH in water?

It decreases it

When water vapor cools (or loses energy) and changes back into the liquid form of water what is occurring?

condensation

Organisms which can indicate the health of a stream by their numbers are known as what?

Bio-indicators., macroinvertebrates

The downward movement of water through the soil is known as what?

percolation

What are two kinds of pollution which result in the reduction of dissolved oxygen (DO) in bodies of water?

Thermal and nutrient pollution

What happens to many aquatic organisms when the dissolved oxygen levels in water become too low?

They suffocate, can’t breathe

Autotrophic organisms play what role in the ecosystem?

producers

The ability of a fluid (like water) to pass through a layer of rock or sediment is called what?

permeability

The zone of aeration and the zone of saturation meet at a boundary known as what?

Water table

What two steps of the water cycle are primarily responsible for cleaning the water of contaminants?

Evaporation and percolation

What do we call the step in the water treatment process which allows large particles

to be removed ?

Filtration