humans in the biosphere
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Humans in the Biosphere. PFHS Biology – Chapter 6. Things Change. Hunting and gathering Hunted, fished, gathered fruits, nuts, berries, seeds, etc Nomadic Few demands upon the environment and allowed resupply. Things Change. Agriculture Domesticated plants and animals and grew supplies - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Humans in the Humans in the BiosphereBiospherePFHS Biology – Chapter 6PFHS Biology – Chapter 6
Things ChangeThings Change
Hunting and gatheringHunting and gathering Hunted, fished, Hunted, fished,
gathered fruits, nuts, gathered fruits, nuts, berries, seeds, etcberries, seeds, etc
NomadicNomadic Few demands upon the Few demands upon the
environment and environment and allowed resupplyallowed resupply
Things ChangeThings Change
AgricultureAgriculture Domesticated plants and Domesticated plants and
animals and grew suppliesanimals and grew supplies Stayed in 1 placeStayed in 1 place Stable/predictable food Stable/predictable food
supplysupply Larger stable settlementsLarger stable settlements Elements of civilizationElements of civilization
Government, lawsGovernment, laws writingwriting
Things ChangeThings Change
Green revolutionGreen revolution Equipment/machineryEquipment/machinery Improved seed and Improved seed and
techniquestechniques Fertilizers and pesticidesFertilizers and pesticides Doubled food production Doubled food production
in 50 yearsin 50 years Less manpower = death Less manpower = death
of rural areasof rural areas
Things ChangeThings Change
Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution Mechanization and Mechanization and
factoriesfactories Urbanization to provide Urbanization to provide
workforceworkforce Reliance on fossil fuelsReliance on fossil fuels Overcrowding/ PollutionOvercrowding/ Pollution Demands on the Demands on the
environmentenvironment Evils of society ?Evils of society ?
ResourcesResources
Renewable – Renewable – regenerated or regenerated or replenished faster replenished faster than usedthan used
Water, wood fiber, Water, wood fiber, cattle, windpowercattle, windpower
ResourcesResources
Non-renewable – Non-renewable – cannot be cannot be replenished by replenished by natural processes or natural processes or is so slow as to is so slow as to eliminate it as usableeliminate it as usable
Fossil fuels, Fossil fuels, minerals, metalsminerals, metals
Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable Development
Human activities can affect the quality Human activities can affect the quality and supply of renewable resources such and supply of renewable resources such as land, forests, fisheries, air, and fresh as land, forests, fisheries, air, and fresh waterwater
Development must provide for our needs Development must provide for our needs while maintaining ecosystem goods and while maintaining ecosystem goods and services that are renewableservices that are renewable
Land ResourcesLand Resources
Space for communitiesSpace for communities Raw materials for industryRaw materials for industry Soil for agricultureSoil for agriculture DangersDangers
ErosionErosion desertificationdesertification
Forest ResourcesForest Resources
Important products – lumber, paper, Important products – lumber, paper, furniture, fuel, food, etc.furniture, fuel, food, etc.
Oxygen/carbon balanceOxygen/carbon balance Diversity of habitatsDiversity of habitats Moderate climateModerate climate Limit soil erosionLimit soil erosion Protect fresh water suppliesProtect fresh water supplies
Forest ResourcesForest Resources
ManagementManagement Sustainable management practicesSustainable management practices Plant/grow/harvest/grow/harvest/plant cyclesPlant/grow/harvest/grow/harvest/plant cycles
DangersDangers Deforestation – removing forest permanently Deforestation – removing forest permanently
for other uses (or no use at all)for other uses (or no use at all) Fire – destruction of uses, may lead to Fire – destruction of uses, may lead to
deforestationdeforestation See previous pageSee previous page
The most The most forested of the forested of the Rocky Mt. Rocky Mt. statesstates
Fishery ResourcesFishery Resources
Invaluable food sourceInvaluable food source Overfishing/Overfishing/
pollutionhas damaged pollutionhas damaged itit
Commercial use has Commercial use has developed limitsdeveloped limits
Aquaculture is Aquaculture is becoming popular, but becoming popular, but has its own has its own problems/dangersproblems/dangers
Air ResourcesAir Resources
Do we actually have Do we actually have to discuss the to discuss the importance of this importance of this resource?resource?
Air ResourcesAir Resources
DangersDangers Pollutant – a substance where it doesn’t Pollutant – a substance where it doesn’t
belongbelong NaturalNatural Man madeMan made
Smog – smoke+fog, a polluting hazeSmog – smoke+fog, a polluting haze Acid rain – pollutants dissolved into the Acid rain – pollutants dissolved into the
atmospheric water vapor, falls, DAMAGESatmospheric water vapor, falls, DAMAGES The list of pollution types is endlessThe list of pollution types is endless
Freshwater ResourcesFreshwater Resources
Another one that Another one that really needs no really needs no explanationexplanation
Water UsesWater Uses
BiodiversityBiodiversity
Variety in living thingsVariety in living things One of our greatest natural resourcesOne of our greatest natural resources Foods, industrial products, medicines provided Foods, industrial products, medicines provided
by a variety of organismsby a variety of organisms Some future life-saving substances may come Some future life-saving substances may come
from organisms that have not been discovered from organisms that have not been discovered yetyet Watch the video “The Medicine Man” with Elaine Watch the video “The Medicine Man” with Elaine
Bracco and Sean ConneryBracco and Sean Connery
Threats to BiodiversityThreats to Biodiversity Extinction – permanent disappearance of Extinction – permanent disappearance of
a species a species Endangered species – declining in a way Endangered species – declining in a way
that extinction is a definite possibilitythat extinction is a definite possibility Threatened species – suffering a Threatened species – suffering a
dangerous decline in numbersdangerous decline in numbers Human activity is a major threatHuman activity is a major threat
Hunting, fishing, pollution, introduction of Hunting, fishing, pollution, introduction of foreign species, and alteration of habitatforeign species, and alteration of habitat
Introduced speciesIntroduced species
Little known threatLittle known threat Become invasive species that reproduce Become invasive species that reproduce
rapidly because they no longer have their rapidly because they no longer have their “natural controls” from their original “natural controls” from their original environmentenvironment
Successfully outcompete the native Successfully outcompete the native speciesspecies
Conserving BiodiversityConserving Biodiversity
Today, conservation efforts focus on Today, conservation efforts focus on protecting entire ecosystems as well as protecting entire ecosystems as well as single species. That ensuresthat the single species. That ensuresthat the natural habitats and the interactions of natural habitats and the interactions of many different species are preserved at many different species are preserved at the same time.the same time.
The biggest challenge – time and $$$The biggest challenge – time and $$$
Biggest ConcernsBiggest Concerns
Ozone depletion – leading to more UV Ozone depletion – leading to more UV exposure…..which leads to skin cancers, exposure…..which leads to skin cancers, eye damage, plant damage, and reduced eye damage, plant damage, and reduced resistance to diseaseresistance to disease
Can we make the switch to non-CFC Can we make the switch to non-CFC substances?substances?
Will the ozone repair itself?Will the ozone repair itself?
Biggest ConcernsBiggest Concerns
Global Warming – a rise in the Earth’s Global Warming – a rise in the Earth’s average temperatureaverage temperature
It is both natural and manmade:It is both natural and manmade: Natural cycles of sun and earthNatural cycles of sun and earth Enhanced greenhouse effect from man’s Enhanced greenhouse effect from man’s
activitiesactivities
The End……… of this presentation