human dimensions of urban ecology
DESCRIPTION
Human Dimensions of Urban Ecology. Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social Scientist U of WA - Forest Resources. Urban Ecology biophysical complexity psychosocial complexity. EarthCorps. What Are “ Human Dimensions? ”. social benefits & impacts of resource non-market values - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Human Dimensionsof Urban Ecology
Human Dimensionsof Urban Ecology
Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D.
Research Social Scientist
U of WA - Forest Resources
Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D.
Research Social Scientist
U of WA - Forest Resources
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Urban Ecology
biophysical complexitypsychosocial complexity
Urban Ecology
biophysical complexitypsychosocial complexity
EarthCorps
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What Are “Human Dimensions?”What Are “Human Dimensions?” social benefits & impacts of resource non-market values community economics planning, policy & decision making stakeholder(s) values user(s) conflicts cultural/environmental justice perceptions, values & attitudes
social benefits & impacts of resource non-market values community economics planning, policy & decision making stakeholder(s) values user(s) conflicts cultural/environmental justice perceptions, values & attitudes
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Social ScienceDisciplinesSocial ScienceDisciplines
psychology social psychology sociology economics political science anthropology geography
psychology social psychology sociology economics political science anthropology geography
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Why is this Important?Why is this Important?
urban sustainability understand ecosystems functions &
benefits for society comprehensive systems, not site-by-site implementation & commitment
urban sustainability understand ecosystems functions &
benefits for society comprehensive systems, not site-by-site implementation & commitment
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model of person/ecosystem interactionmodel of person/ecosystem interaction
“native nature”
“constructed nature”
“active experience”
eco-origineco-origin
human experiencehuman experience
“passive experience”
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Eco-Originnative nature to constructed natureEco-Originnative nature to constructed nature
Pierce County, Chambers Creek Properties
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urban forests? PNW lowland forestsurban forests? PNW lowland forests
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urban forestsurban forests
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Central WA U plazaCentral WA U plaza
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Central WA U plazaCentral WA U plaza
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REI retail, SeattleREI retail, Seattle
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Pierce County WA, Chambers Creek PropertiesPierce County WA, Chambers Creek Properties
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Pierce County WA, Chambers Creek Properties - 4 year growthPierce County WA, Chambers Creek Properties - 4 year growth
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stormwater managementstormwater management
Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore
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vertical vertical forestforest
structurestructure
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roofs & structuresroofs & structures
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City of Chicago, City Hall City of Chicago, City Hall roof gardens/ecosystemsroof gardens/ecosystems
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Nashville, mixed use bldg Nashville, mixed use bldg roof gardens/ecosystemsroof gardens/ecosystems
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High Line Railway High Line Railway - W Manhattan- W Manhattan
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HighHighLineLine
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Friends of the High LineFriends of the High Line
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model of person/ecosystem interactionmodel of person/ecosystem interaction
“native nature”
“constructed nature”
“active experience”
eco-origineco-origin
human experiencehuman experience
“passive experience”
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Human Experiencepassive to activeHuman Experiencepassive to active
“civic ecology”“civic ecology”
Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore
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passive experiences of urban naturepassive experiences of urban nature
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community gardenscommunity gardensParks & People Foundation, Baltimore
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Psychological Benefits of Nearby NaturePsychological Benefits of Nearby Nature
Higher job satisfaction, reduced absenteeism (R. Kaplan)
Lower crime rates in well landscaped areas (Kuo, Sullivan)
Reduced violence and more constructive conflict resolution in domestic conflict (Kuo, Sullivan)
Reduced ADHD symptoms in children (Faber Taylor, Kuo)
Higher job satisfaction, reduced absenteeism (R. Kaplan)
Lower crime rates in well landscaped areas (Kuo, Sullivan)
Reduced violence and more constructive conflict resolution in domestic conflict (Kuo, Sullivan)
Reduced ADHD symptoms in children (Faber Taylor, Kuo)
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recreational tree climbing - Japanrecreational tree climbing - Japan
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nearby nature for allnearby nature for all20
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Health & Well BeingHealth & Well Being Improved surgery and illness recovery (Ulrich)
Stress reduction in urban lifestyles (Ulrich)
Reduced driving stress response & frustration (Parsons et al., Nasar)
Improved community walkability, lower BMI (UW Urban Eco, Naderi et al.)
Improved surgery and illness recovery (Ulrich)
Stress reduction in urban lifestyles (Ulrich)
Reduced driving stress response & frustration (Parsons et al., Nasar)
Improved community walkability, lower BMI (UW Urban Eco, Naderi et al.)
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Physical Activity & ObesityNature and Walkable PlacesPhysical Activity & ObesityNature and Walkable Places
majority of Americans not active enough
goal-30 minutes per day of moderate activity
risk factor for chronic diseases (heart, stroke, cancer, diabetes)
significant costs to national health services
majority of Americans not active enough
goal-30 minutes per day of moderate activity
risk factor for chronic diseases (heart, stroke, cancer, diabetes)
significant costs to national health services
310-580,000 deaths per year
$100 annual billion medical costs (1995)
9.4% of all U.S. medical costs
310-580,000 deaths per year
$100 annual billion medical costs (1995)
9.4% of all U.S. medical costs
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Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC.
Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults2004
No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25%
(*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person)
Doubling of adult obesity rate since 1980.
15
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www.lhhl.uiuc.edu
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parks, open spaces & trails
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eco-restoration eco-restoration volunteers/employees - volunteers/employees - eco-literacyeco-literacy physical activityphysical activity
eco-restoration eco-restoration volunteers/employees - volunteers/employees - eco-literacyeco-literacy physical activityphysical activity
EarthCorpsEarthCorps
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nature recovery nature recovery && schools schoolsParks & People Foundation, Baltimore
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nature recovery & schoolsnature recovery & schoolsParks & People Foundation, Baltimore
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first phase - reading circlefirst phase - reading circleParks & People Foundation, Baltimore
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nature recovery nature recovery && schools schoolsParks & People Foundation, Baltimore
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school asphalt recoveryschool asphalt recovery
Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore
planning skills planning skills && efficacy efficacy
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community gardens - renewalcommunity gardens - renewal
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““3rd place3rd place”” && social cohesion social cohesion
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natural natural && social capital social capitalnatural natural && social capital social capital
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active
native
constructed
eco-origineco-origin
human experiencehuman experience
passive
Why is this important?
individuals
Why is this important?
individuals
nature & human functioning public health & welfare transferable knowledge & skills, youth engaged in sustainability
nature & human functioning public health & welfare transferable knowledge & skills, youth engaged in sustainability
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active
native
constructed
eco-origineco-origin
human experiencehuman experience
passive
Why is this important?communities
Why is this important?communities
vibrant, livable cities & towns environmental services human services across communities democracy & security through civic
engagement
vibrant, livable cities & towns environmental services human services across communities democracy & security through civic
engagement Wangari Maathai2004 Nobel Peace Prize
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www.cfr.washington.edu/research.envmind