human biology let’s begin. common health problems

Human BiologyHuman Biology

Let’s begin.Let’s begin.

Common Health ProblemsCommon Health Problems

Question 1Question 1

When people experience When people experience acid reflux, acid is pushed acid reflux, acid is pushed up from the stomach into up from the stomach into the esophagus, causing the esophagus, causing the esophagus to get red, the esophagus to get red, irritated and sometimes irritated and sometimes ulcerated. If the acid ulcerated. If the acid continues to reflux into continues to reflux into the esophagus, the esophagus, esophagus ulcers can esophagus ulcers can form. form.

http://www.gihealth.com/html/education/http://www.gihealth.com/html/education/video/esophagitis.htmlvideo/esophagitis.html

Question 2 (cont)Question 2 (cont)

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Colon Cancer:Colon Cancer:

Colorectal cancerColorectal cancer, also called , also called colon cancercolon cancer or or large bowel large bowel cancercancer, includes , includes cancerouscancerous growths in the growths in the coloncolon, , rectumrectum and and appendixappendix. It is the third most common form of cancer and the . It is the third most common form of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the Western world. second leading cause of cancer-related death in the Western world. Colorectal cancer causes 655,000 deaths worldwide per year, Colorectal cancer causes 655,000 deaths worldwide per year, including about 16,000 in the UK, where it is the second most including about 16,000 in the UK, where it is the second most common site (after lung) to cause cancer death.common site (after lung) to cause cancer death.[1][1] Many colorectal Many colorectal cancers are thought to arise from cancers are thought to arise from adenomatousadenomatous polyps in the colon. polyps in the colon. These mushroom-like growths are usually benign, but some may These mushroom-like growths are usually benign, but some may develop into cancer over time. The majority of the time, the develop into cancer over time. The majority of the time, the diagnosis of localized colon cancer is through colonoscopy. Therapy diagnosis of localized colon cancer is through colonoscopy. Therapy is usually through surgery, which in many cases is followed by is usually through surgery, which in many cases is followed by chemotherapy.chemotherapy.

Tonsillitis: Tonsillitis: TonsillitisTonsillitis is an is an inflammationinflammation of of the the tonsilstonsils in the in the mouthmouth and will often, but and will often, but not necessarily, cause a not necessarily, cause a sore throatsore throat and and feverfever..

Ulcers are healing Ulcers are healing wounds that develop on wounds that develop on the skin, mucous the skin, mucous membranes or eye. membranes or eye. Although they have many Although they have many causes, they are marked causes, they are marked by:by:

Loss of integrity of the Loss of integrity of the area area

Secondary infection of Secondary infection of the site by the site by bacteriabacteria, , fungusfungus or or virusvirus

Generalized Generalized weaknessweakness of of the patient the patient

Delayed Delayed healinghealing

A strain is a tear or A strain is a tear or stretch of a muscle or stretch of a muscle or tendon. People tendon. People commmonly call such an commmonly call such an injury a "pulled" muscle. injury a "pulled" muscle. Your hamstring muscle Your hamstring muscle group is in the back of group is in the back of your thigh, and allows your thigh, and allows you to bend your knee. It you to bend your knee. It is made up of three large is made up of three large muscles: the biceps, muscles: the biceps, semimembranosus, and semimembranosus, and semitendinosus. semitendinosus.

The picture above shows a non-smoker's The picture above shows a non-smoker's lung compared to a smoker's lung. lung compared to a smoker's lung.

SURGEONS REMOVED A MASSIVE 10-SURGEONS REMOVED A MASSIVE 10-POUND HAIRBALL FROM THE POUND HAIRBALL FROM THE STOMACH OF AN 18-YEAR-OLD GIRL STOMACH OF AN 18-YEAR-OLD GIRL SUFFERING FROM A SUFFERING FROM A PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITION IN PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITION IN WHICH SHE ATE HER OWN HAIR, WHICH SHE ATE HER OWN HAIR, ACCORDING TO A REPORT IN THIS ACCORDING TO A REPORT IN THIS WEEK'S EDITION OF THE NEW WEEK'S EDITION OF THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE.ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE.