hub:ble-2 06 day 2 plenary

17th October 2013

Boosting Local Enterprise

Adam Baker – Kinston University and Bloodhound SSC

Jeremy Nickless – Skylon

Planetarium Show – We Are Aliens

Day 2 – Plenary Session

Beyond Bloodhound

Adam Baker

In particular

• Communications – Relay (‘bent pipe’), broadcast (Sky), Inmarsat

• Remote sensing – Disaster warning, weather …spying… ‘Google Earth’

• Scientific measurements – Ozone hole, greenhouse gas monitoring, life on Mars,

how the universe began • Navigation

– GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and others to come

The UK in space

‘Upstream & downstream’

Infrastructure UK Launch

Infrastructure

Spaceport UK

Small Launcher

Sub-orbital Space Access

Large Reusable Launcher

Imported LV technology, systems

40+ years ago Before Oct 28th, 2021

We have the technology... – Structures – Avionics – Propulsion – Ground support – Project management – System engineering

Credit: Richard RM Brown

Credit: SSTL

Credit: Moog Isp

Credit: TISICS

Credit: NDA

Credit: QinetiQ

Good business...? Cumulative debt

-100.0

-50.0

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Year

$M

ENGINEERING ADVENTURE

www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com

Rocket cars



What is Bloodhound?

• An unreasonable and disruptive aerospace and education company dedicated to innovation.

• An iconic project aiming to create the next generation of scientists and engineers.

• 58 dedicated engineers

• Supported by 100s of ‘ambassadors’ in >5000 schools

• A £41M budget , about ¼ spent to date

• 50 man years of R&D

• A ‘hard’ project!



Technical goals

• 1000mph land speed record – Currently ~730mph

• Inspire the next generation of scientists & engineers



The car

• Structure, Powerplant, Ancillary



Rocket Engine

Credit: CISAS-Uni Padua

Credit: Falcon UK



First large hybrid test, October 2012



Hybrid heritage



Bloodhound

A record breaker...?

Bloodhound or... horizontal ‘space shot’?

Beyond Bloodhound – new business for the 21st century

• 100kg into polar orbit for £3M • Complete space missions for £5-10M • Development: as little as £20M (+ GSE + interest) • UK know how, supply chain, & facilities : UKLaunch



Join the Adventure

Find us on Facebook: www.facebook.com/BLOODHOUNDSSC

Follow us on Twitter: www.twitter.com/BLOODHOUND_SSC

Sign up to the 1K Club: www.BLOODHOUNDSSC.com

Dr. Adam M. Baker [email protected]

ROCKET Engineering Ltd.

HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013

Jeremy Nickless Business Development Reaction Engines Ltd

SKYLON and the SABRE Engine: from Humble Beginnings…

2nd UK Space Propulsion Workshop

HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013 2

A Brief History

In the mid 1980s the UK began HOTOL – a Rolls Royce/British Aerospace study into single stage to orbit spaceplanes – the funding was cut in 1988

3 HOTOL Engineers founded Reaction Engines Ltd. In 1989 to continue and progress spaceplane R&D



The Reaction Engines Team - 2013

▪ Thermodynamics and heat transfer

▪ Chemistry

▪ Non-equilibrium chemistry

▪ Hydrodynamics & aerodynamics

▪ Plasma physics and engineering

▪ Electromagnetics

▪ Control Systems

▪ Astrodynamics ▪ Mechanical Engineering (materials,

structures, manufacture, design) ▪ Specialist Engineering (marine,

automobile, nuclear) ▪ Systems Engineering ▪ Programme and project management ▪ Information Technology ▪ International Air and Space Law



T h e i m p o r ta n c e o f r e u s a b l e S p a c e a c c e s s … Launchers derived from cold war military technology have been faithful friends enabling the birth of the Space age and returning services and knowledge. However they suffer significant drawbacks: ▪ Expensive & labour intensive ▪ Unreliable – 1/50 failure rate historically ▪ Now a limitation to growth

1957 Today

7

Characteristics of Commercial Operations


• Reusability:

-reduced cost per flight by amortising production cost over 200 flights.

• Single-stage:

-reduced development and operating costs relative to multi-stage vehicles.

• Un-piloted:

-reduced mission control, relaxed safety during development, increased

payload. Dedicated accessory passenger module for payload bay.

8

Characteristics of Commercial Operations (cont.)


• Abort capability: - abort to launch site with up to half engines failed. - flight critical systems redundant to single point failure. • User friendly operations: - simple ground handling and automatic checkout. - low maintenance through robust TPS and long life engines. - containerised payload system.

• Re-entry cross-range: - high hypersonic L/D to improve return opportunities to launch site. • Environmental impact: - benign propellants, ‘low’ engine noise, no orbital debris.

9

SKYLON C1


Entry to Service Targets:

• 200 reuses

• 1% abort rate per mission

• 1:20,000 loss rate per mission

• 48 hour turnaround

10

SKYLON C1


• 12 Tonnes to LEO

• 10 Tonnes to ISS

• 200m3 Payload bay

• 4.6m Diameter payload

Revision in 2010 to D1 Standard with 15 tonne payload

11 HUB:BLE 2 Boosting Local Enterprise – 17th October 2013

SABRE

12

The SABRE Engine


Pre-Cooler

Turbine

Thrust Chambers

Bypass Duct

Air Intake

Compressor


THE PRE-COOLER

14

Pre-cooler Construction




P r e - c o o l e r P r o d u c t i o n



P r e - c o o l e r Te s t Fa c i l i t y

Nitrogen BoilerVIPER jet engine

Pre-cooler

Data Acquisition

Helium Loop

Circulator

Silencer



P r e - c o o l e r H e a t E xc h a n g e r



P r e - c o o l e r Te s t R u n


OTHER TECHNOLOGIES



R E L a d d r e s s e d m o s t o f t h e ke y te c h n o l o g i e s i n P h a s e 2

Pre-cooler heat Transfer augmentation 2009

Micro-channel high pressure Hx 2010

Silicon carbide high temp Hx 2002

Air intake 2012

STILETTO staged combustion 2011

Contra-rotating turbine 2008

Advanced nozzles laboratory tests 2006

STERN E/D nozzle 2008

STRICT E/D nozzle 2010

Bell nozzle separation 2010

Air/hydrogen cooling 2010

LOX cooling 2010

STRIDENT nozzle 2012

Laboratory scale 1GW/m3 HX 1996

Wind tunnel Hx module 2002

First full scale pre-cooler module 2005

Pre-cooler frost control 2004

Complete pre-cooler 2012


Re-entry aerodynamics

CFRP truss structure

Ascent trajectory modelling

Mach 12 hypersonic shock tunnel

Avionics

Aeroshell TiSic truss structure

Subsonic wind tunnel

Mach 9 hypersonic wind tunnel

R E L a d d r e s s e d m o s t o f t h e ke y te c h n o l o g i e s i n P h a s e 2

22

STRICT Engine



FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

24

TITLE


S K Y LO N Sy s te m Re q u i r e m e nt s Re v i e w

UK Space Agency independent review Sep 2010 • ESA providing technical support

• Almost 100 invitees attended two

day workshop

• Part of wider review including on site audit by ESA

Review Conclusions ‘no impediments or critical items have been identified for either the SKYLON vehicle or the SABRE engine that are a block to further developments’.



25

P r e - c o o l e r te s t p r o g ra m m e b r e a k t h r o u g h

▪ Over 500 rig tests … over 300 engine pre-cooler tests ▪ -150°C cryogenic temperature ▪ Operation of pre-cooler & frost control system ▪ Steady state cryogenic cooling over a sustained period ▪ Thermo-mechanical & aerodynamic integrity ▪ Technical objectives of the ESA programme

26

The Future


In July 2013 the UK Government awarded Reaction Engines a £60M grant towards a £250M+ programme spanning 3 ½ years to the latter quarter of 2017


Thank You

Any Questions?