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Huawei FusionCloud Desktop Solution 3.0 Efficient Operation and Maintenance White Paper
Issue 1.1
Date 2014-02-08
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Issue 1.1 (2014-02-08) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
i
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2009~2012. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
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Notice
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Huawei Industrial Base
Bantian, Longgang
Shenzhen 518129
People's Republic of China
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: [email protected]
Desktop Cloud Solution Efficient Operation and
Maintenance White Paper Contents
Issue 1.1 (2014-02-08) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
ii
Contents
1 Efficient Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Scenarios of Desktop Cloud .................... 1
1.1 Overview of Efficient O&M Scenarios ............................................................................................................ 1
1.1.1 Comparison of Cloud O&M Among Different Players ........................................................................... 1
1.1.2 O&M of Cloud Platform ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.3 Cloud Desktop Software O&M ............................................................................................................... 2
1.1.4 O&M of Cloud Terminals ....................................................................................................................... 2
1.1.5 Cloud Service O&M ............................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 O&M of Cloud Platform .................................................................................................................................. 3
1.2.1 Remote Hardware O&M Scenario and Case Study ................................................................................ 3
1.2.2 Proactive Monitoring Solution ................................................................................................................ 5
1.3 O&M of Cloud Desktop Software .................................................................................................................... 7
1.3.1 Automatic Distribution and Upgrade of Desktop VDA .......................................................................... 7
1.3.2 Windows OS Automatic Distribution ...................................................................................................... 9
1.3.3 Automatic PVDriver Upgrade ............................................................................................................... 10
1.4 O&M of Cloud Terminals .............................................................................................................................. 11
1.4.1 O&M of TCs ......................................................................................................................................... 11
1.5 O&M of Cloud Service .................................................................................................................................. 14
1.5.1 Remote Efficient Management of the WEB Mode ............................................................................... 14
1.5.2 Authority and Domain Based Management .......................................................................................... 16
1.5.3 Automatic Service Provisioning e-Flow ............................................................................................... 17
1.5.4 Resource Sharing of Meeting Rooms or Personnel on Business Trips ................................................. 19
Desktop Cloud Solution Efficient Operation and
Maintenance White Paper
1 Efficient Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Scenarios of
Desktop Cloud
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Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
1
1 Efficient Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Scenarios of Desktop Cloud
1.1 Overview of Efficient O&M Scenarios
1.1.1 Comparison of Cloud O&M Among Different Players
Item Huawei Citrix VMWare
Large cluster A maximum of 512
servers
A maximum of 16
servers
A maximum of 8
servers
Management
console
Unified management
interface
XenCenter multiple
consoles
vCenter multiple
consoles
Platform
deployment mode
Management Node (MN)
Unified installation and
deployment
automatic loading and
automatic configuration
by using of Management
Nodes (MNs)
Manual installation
and configuration by
using Preboot eXecute
Environment (PXE)
Manual
installation and
configuration by
using PXE
Virtual machine
driver upgrade
Automatic pop-up
prompt and upgrade by
using PVDriver
Manual upgrade by
using xen tools
Batch upgrade
by using Update
manager
Service
provisioning
Process-based and
automatic
Manual Manual
1.1.2 O&M of Cloud Platform
O&M Scenario Description
Hardware platform
management
The hardware platform is installed and deployed in a unified manner,
and is automatically loaded and configured by using MNs.
Desktop Cloud Solution Efficient Operation and
Maintenance White Paper
1 Efficient Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Scenarios of
Desktop Cloud
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O&M Scenario Description
Automatic
monitoring
The O&M function is required to implement all-round monitoring
and connect the cloud platform to network management systems
(NMSs) of enterprises or carriers.
1.1.3 Cloud Desktop Software O&M
O&M Scenario Description
Operating system
(OS)
The OS is quickly copied by using unified image files. On traditional
PCs, the OS installation takes least 30 minutes.
OS patch The OS patches are managed by Windows Server Update Services
(WSUS) in a centralized manner.
Desktop security
software
The security software is uniformly and automatically upgraded on
servers
Cloud related
software: VDA
The terminal security management (TSM) push mode is supported
and silent installation is performed after a restart
Cloud driver:
PVDriver
The software supports automatic pop-up management and silent
installation
Universal service
software
The software is distributed using TSM software. Its upgrade is
similar to VDA upgrade, but supports online upgrade management
1.1.4 O&M of Cloud Terminals
O&M Scenario Description
Centralized patch
management
The O&M function is required to support TCM remote scan and
push patches in batches
Remote fault
location
The O&M function is required to remotely control screens of thin
clients (TCs) for troubleshooting
Desktop Cloud Solution Efficient Operation and
Maintenance White Paper
1 Efficient Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Scenarios of
Desktop Cloud
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1.1.5 Cloud Service O&M
O&M Scenario Description
Service provisioning
automation
Service provisioning is verified and approved with one click, and
the background automatically distributes resources.
Web-based
self-service for users
A user interface is provided, shielding bottom-layer functions
Meeting
rooms/personnel on
business trips
VM resource pool is shared, and service provisioning is withdrawn
without administrator.
1.2 O&M of Cloud Platform
1.2.1 Remote Hardware O&M Scenario and Case Study
Scenario Analysis
Scenario Description
Storage hard disk
replacement
Remote server
installation
MN loading configuration: A board is automatically loaded and
configured after being inserted.
BMC out-of-band management: This function allows you to control
the equipment room without stepping into it.
Solution Description
Figure 1-1 shows the storage hard disk replacement procedure that greatly shortens fault
recovery time.
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Maintenance White Paper
1 Efficient Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Scenarios of
Desktop Cloud
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Figure 1-1 Storage hard disk replacement procedure
Automatically report
monitor alarms.Sign on ISM portal.
Locate the faulty
disk sot.
The faulty disk
identifies faults.
A red LED of the hard
disk is on.
Remove and replace the
hard disk.
Frontline
personnel/equipment room
security guard
The hardware
replacement is
finished.
Remote O&M
personnel
Figure 1-2 shows the remote server installation procedure, which allows you to remotely
locate faults and re-distribute resources.
Figure 1-2 Remote server installation procedure
A red LED is on, when a
board is faulty.
Remotely sign on BMC.
Collect hardware log
location.
Administrator
Remove and replace the faulty board.
Frontline
personnel/security
guard
The MN delivers policies.
Sign on MN portal.
The loading configuration is finished.
Desktop Cloud Solution Efficient Operation and
Maintenance White Paper
1 Efficient Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Scenarios of
Desktop Cloud
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Implementation
Desktop clouds of Huawei Shanghai office are all maintained remotely supported by a
proactive monitoring solution and remote hardware O&M.
1.2.2 Proactive Monitoring Solution
Scenario Analysis
The monitoring capability reflects the fault identification, handling and recovery capability of
a system. It is an important part of the O&M.
Solution Description
The monitoring solution for Huawei Shanghai office is as follows:
Uses proactive monitoring modes based on availability monitoring and performance
monitoring. This is independent from the system, thereby helping identify faults in time.
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Availability
monitoringserver
Equipment room device monitoring:
temperature, power and air-condition
Hardware device: network, server and storage
Sensor
SNMP and IPMI
OS: Hypervisior and Windows2003 Monitoring agent
Application service: interface and connectivity Ping and telnet
Visualization
monitoringserver
Whatsup software,
connectivity and
SNMP
Proactive
monitorThe duration is
5 minutes.
Performance
monitoringserver
Network device: network traffic, delay and
packet loss rate
Storage device: network traffic, delay and
input/output operation per second (IOPS)
OS: CPU, memory and hard disk usage Monitoring agent
SNMP
SNMP
Monito
ring
pers
onnel
O&
M
pers
onnel
Voice
Event
Text
message
PhoneFault location
The monitoring solution for Shanghai branch of China Unicom is as follows:
VMs, storage devices, and TCs are monitored by the NMS. Storage devices and VMs provide
SNMP interfaces for monitoring purpose. TCs connect to the database of the TCM server,
which provides real-time monitoring results and visualized monitoring interface.
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Integrated network
manager of informatization
department
Database interface SNMP interface SNMP interface
TC management
TC TC TC TC
VM management
VM VM VM VM
Storage
management
Storage
server
Storage
server
Storage
server
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Desktop Cloud
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Implementation
The Desktop Cloud solution provides universal network management interfaces, such as
SNMP and IPMI, to interconnect with the NMS of enterprises and carriers for unified
monitoring and troubleshooting.
1.3 O&M of Cloud Desktop Software
1.3.1 Automatic Distribution and Upgrade of Desktop VDA
Scenario Analysis
Scenario Description
Automatic VDA upgrade The VDA is an important component of desktop virtualization,
and a must of desktop connection. The desktop remote
connection, desktop display, and audio and video quality
depend on this component. The VDA supports desktop remote
real-time connections; thereby, it does not support hot patches
and cannot be upgraded in a connected state.
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Solution Description
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VDA, VM Driver Push
TSM/SPES
Server
Agent
VM
Agent
VM
P2P download and
automatic distribution
Set scheduled
tasks by IP
address segment.
8000-10000 VMs
Supports TSM push: uses P2P distribution mechanisms to deliver upgrade packages
Automatically runs scripts: generates scheduled tasks (such as automatically performing
upgrades upon startup)
Notifies users of shutting down VMs after work
Enables the VM shutdown function at midnight
Automatically runs scheduled tasks and the VDA silent upgrade installation script
Automatically restarts VMs after the upgrade is finished
Implementation
The upgrade packages can be pushed by network segment or account.
The VDA upgrade cannot be performed in an ICA connected state and any click cannot be
performed on connected desktops during the upgrade. Therefore, the VDA upgrade must be
performed at night by starting an automatic upgrade policy to increase the success upgrade
rate.
Citrix does not provide any upgrade solution for VDA.
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1.3.2 Windows OS Automatic Distribution
Scenario Analysis
The Huawei Shanghai office has seven service blocks. (A service block is a logical unit which
each service block supporting a maximum of 2,000 concurrent user VMs.) In the standard
configuration mode, a service block requires 11 VMs, which serve as the fundamental
architecture servers of the service block (1 license server, 6 DDCs, 2 WIs, 1 WLB server, and
1 database). There are about 80 servers running windows 2003. Because these servers are
interdependent, a lot of time and effort are required to install patches on them.
Solution Description
The servers are interdependent to each other; thereby their restart time must be correctly
configured.
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OS patch installation policy: install and restart standby machines first, then the main server
Page 1
Saturday Automatic
Installation Policy Group
autopatch_sat_servers
China.huawei.com
ServerFarm Server
Sunday Automatic
Installation Policy Group
autopatch_sun_servers
WSUS Server
Lg-upd srv-upd
User-side VM
Automatic Download
Manual Installation
SqlServer
LicenceServer
DDC-Slaver
DDC-VDA2
DDC-XML2
WI2
DSC01 DDC-Master
DDC-VDA1
DDC-XML1
WI1
DSC02
0:00 Saturday 2:00 Saturday 22:00 Saturday 2:00 Sunday 22:00 Sunday
OS Patch Automatic
Distribution Mechanism
Implementation
Before the OS patch automatic installation mechanism is provided, it takes about five minutes
to install patches to a Windows server.
Therefore, it takes 400 minutes to install patches to 80 servers in Huawei Shanghai office.
In addition, it is difficult to ensure that the patches are successfully installed within the
specified period of time.
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After the OS patch automatic installation mechanism is provided, the WSUS server
automatically installs patches to all Windows servers without any assistance from the user.
1.3.3 Automatic PVDriver Upgrade
Scenario Analysis
The PVDriver is a mandatory driver of a VM. It is used to optimize the performance of VMs,
including the CPU usage, I/O speed, and network-related performance. In the desktop cloud
scenario, many user VMs are used. It is necessary to upgrade the PVDriver automatically.
Solution Description
With the automatic PVDriver upgrade mechanism, the PVDriver on the user VMs are
automatically upgraded after an administrator issues an upgrade command.
MN
CNA CNA CNA
VM VM VM VM VM
ISO distribution
Automatic
mounting
OS process: The HwUVPUpgrade.exe software
automatically identifies the ISO and displays tool tips.
Silent installation
Implementation
Administrators can perform one-click PVDriver upgrade without any assistance from the user.
Citrix's xen tools cannot be automatically upgraded.
VMWare's Update Manager can be automatically upgraded.
Desktop Cloud Solution Efficient Operation and
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1.4 O&M of Cloud Terminals
1.4.1 O&M of TCs
Scenario Analysis
Scenario Description
Centralized patch
management
TCM servers are deployed in a centralized manner. Remote TCs can
be upgraded and managed using web interfaces.
Remote fault
location
Problems on the remote TCs hat are distributed in different places can
be located from the local computer, improving the O&M efficiency.
Remote control
and monitoring
Remote scanning, power-on, power-off, and monitoring are
supported.
Solution Description
Office area
Cluster:
TCM01
Cluster:
TCM02
Network
segment 1
Network
segment 2
Network
segment 3
Internet explorer
client
Remote web
operation
Policy and scanning
Scan PushRemotely start/shut down
Office area
Data center
The patch upgrade process is as follows:
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Uniformly upload
patch files.
Make patch
policies.
Scan TCs by
network segment.
Remotely power
on TCs.
Deliver patch
policies.
Automatically
restart and perform
concurrent upgrade.
Performs
scheduled power-
on and power-off.
Administrator
Remote fault location
Generally, the data center equipment room of carriers is located in a remote spot. Their
customer service centers spread around the city. For example, China Unicom has
approximately 100 customer service centers in Shanghai. The TCM remote assistance
function is adopted in the O&M process of China Unicom.
Scan TCs of customer service
centers.
Search the IP address of user TCs.
Submit monitoring applications.
Administrator
Approve the monitoring on TCs.TC user
Remotely control
User desktop problem
location
TC out-of-board
problem location
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Implementation
Database
Fragment 2
Management
server
Administrator
DNS server (optional)
Domain name resolution and managementNetwork
Data serverData server
Centerm CE
terminal
XPe
terminalCenterm CE
terminal
XPe
terminal
· Store and manage data in a centralized manner.
· Manage and migrate TCs on the management servers.
· Perform cold backup of management servers and
ensure the system stability.
· Switch on different management servers and implement
management of different fragments.
Features:
Fragment 1 Fragment 2
Fragment 1
Management
server
Centerm Linux
terminal
Centerm Linux
terminal
Windows
(XP, 2000,
Vista, Win 7)
Windows
(XP, 2000,
Vista, Win 7)
Application Scenario
Enterprises require management of TCs in a centralized manner and put certain servers in a
management zone. (Usually, the headquarters only care about data statistics.) Take
Agricultural Bank of China, Fujian branch as an example, the TC management is carried by
local administrators, while the provincial branch only cares about the data statistics.
Application Scenario
Shanghai branch of China Unicom monitors VMs in customer service centers using a TC
management platform and OMS portal interface. All the customer service centers are
registered on the TC management platform, and each VM is mapped to an account. Each
counter is configured with a TC. Each TC can be used to log in to a specific VM. On the TC
management platform, you can find the customer service center first, specify the IP addresses
of the TC, and then log in to the specified VM.
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TCM cluster
Firewall
Building
network
Office area 1 Office area N
Application Scenario
One person can upgrade 10,000 TCs in Huawei Shanghai office within one day.
1.5 O&M of Cloud Service
1.5.1 Remote Efficient Management of the WEB Mode
Scenario Analysis
The O&M of desktop cloud includes the O&M of hardware, system, desktop, and so on. The
O&M is moved to the data center and remote management function is required. With the web
interface, you can access the system anywhere from any device. This improves the
maintainability of the desktop cloud.
Solution Description
The O&M of desktop cloud management interface is as follows:
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TSM Portal
Desktop
administrator
TCM PortalTC
administrator
ITA PortalDesktop VM
administrator
ISM PortalStorage
administrator
Remotely monitor, manage, and control TC terminals.
Perform security control of desktop OS, monitor, and
distribute software.
Shield the complicated operation of Citrix VDesktop
components.
Submit self-help applications, start, stop, and choose
charging packages.
Verify user applications and shield the complicated
operation of the virtual platform.
Monitor virtual resource, adjust policies, and perform
power on/off.
Deliver policies of the main machine system and
perform automatic installation.
Operation
support system
User self-help
interface
System
administrator
Fundamental
device
administrator
Server
administrator
BMS Portal
USER
Portal
OMS Portal
MN Portal
BMC Portal
Hierarchical end-to-end management is implemented:
From bottom up, there is server hardware, storage, system installation, system monitoring,
service provision and operation, TC management, and desktop software management. For
each layer, a WEB remote management mode is adopted.
Process-based service management is implemented:
Device administrator resource preparation—system administrator policy control—user
self-service application—administrator one-key approval—resource automatic dispatching.
Every role focuses on its own service to reduce communication costs. Irrelevant service
processes are shielded.
As a result, the efficiency of service provisioning is improved. Services can be provisioned
for each user within 10 minutes.
Implementation
One to two personnel can provision services to 2000 Huawei employees per month.
Citrix adopts the client management mode. Components, such as xenCenter, are working in an
independent manner and the operation is complex.
VMWare also adopts the client mode, for example, vCenter. Its latest version 4.5 provides
web management interface.
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1.5.2 Authority and Domain Based Management
Scenario Analysis
If customer wants limit the access right of data (VMs) to the maintainer, the
administrator should configure the data partition that this maintainer can access,
and divide the data to different data partition. The administrator can divide the
data to different partition by organization or area, the maintainer of different
organization or area can only access the data belong to this organization or area,
the maintainer can’t access the data belong to other organization or area. This
function improves the availability and security of the cloud system.
Solution Description
The management web interface of Authority and Domain Based Management is
shown below.
The administrator configures different data partition by organization or area.
The administrator configures the maintainers belong to the data partition. This
means the maintainers of this data partition can only access the VMs belongs to
this data partition.
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The maintainers of this data partition can only access the VMs belongs to this data
partition.
Implementation
Desktop clouds of Huawei, the maintainers of a certain branch login to the management
system and manage the VMs belong to the branch.
1.5.3 Automatic Service Provisioning e-Flow
Scenario Analysis
Operation Scenario Description
Service provisioning and
reclaiming workflow An e-flow is used to provision the VMs, improving the
provisioning efficiency.
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This section focuses on the service provisioning and reclaiming e-flow. Service provisioning
is an important step to provide VMs for users. It successfully supports service provisioning of
2000 VMs per month.
Solution Description
The following figure shows the architecture and process of the service provisioning e-flow:
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unified service
provisioning Portal
v.huawei.com
Shanghai orange
area
SOAP agent
Shanghai isolation
intranet
SOAP agent
2. Specification
management4. Process control
Serv
ice
resou
rce
po
ol
Serv
ice re
so
urc
e p
ool
User application
Choose
specification
Orange
area/isolation
intranet
Asset administrator
review
3. Scheduled
VMs creation 1. Image
management
Automatic
distribution Local image
servers of SRI
Beijing orange area
SOAP agent
Shenzhen orange
area
SOAP agent
Se
rvic
e re
so
urc
e p
oo
l
Se
rvic
e re
so
urc
e p
oo
l
This solution uses safe and open SOAP interfaces, and can be adapted to the desktop cloud
management of various scenarios.
The difference of underlying services is shielded. One O&M mechanism is used, improving
the O&M efficiency.
Implementation
The automatic service provisioning workflow features in the following three aspects:
specification differentiated management, scheduled VM creation, and registration and
deregistration workflows.
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Research staff 2V2G80GB
Outsourced staff 2V2G60GB
Long-term
business trip2V2G40GB
Temporary
business trip2V2G25GB
Foreign staffChinese and
English version
Specification differentiated management Scheduled VM creation
Scheduled task starting
Automatic backup
Online patch distribution
Resource pool random distribution
Distribution on-demand
Registration and deregistration
workflow
Flexible rights configuration
Bonding administrators by
department
Three-level review
Asset automatic consignment
Advantage: Configure creation at
night, configure backup data based
on user specification usage, without
intervention, save O&M workload,
and speed up the service provisioning.
Advantage: Workflow-based
operation and specification-based
management. The review goes
through users, supervisors and asset
administrators. It stores the information
authenticity, solves asset consignment
problems, and enhance operation
efficiency.
Person
Advantage: save storage space
35520/450 = 78
1.5.4 Resource Sharing of Meeting Rooms or Personnel on Business Trips
Scenario Analysis
Detailed Description
Shanghai office
entitative
meeting room
There are 284 meeting rooms spread around various office areas of the
institute, which causes difficulties in management and a heavy
workload. The PCs of meeting rooms have always been the blind zone
of management.
Personnel on
temporary
business trips
Approximately 500 people are moving around on temporary business
trips. The large mobility makes the traditional asset return application
process complicated.
Scenario features Log in to desktops by mstsc or ICA.Remotely share data in the
imeeting system.
Display and share office files.
Store no user data on local device.
Large personnel mobility.
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Solution Description
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China\Domain users
VM VM VM
VM
VM
VM
DDC desktop group
Pool mode
First come first serve
2. Domain bonding
desktop group
Include/belong to
3. DDC desktop group-related Pool
4. When sign on, the DDC
randomly distributes a VM.
https://shcloud.huawei.com
5. Use exclusive VM after sign on.
Release resources after deregistration.
VM resource
list
VM resource pool
Domain user
Allocation mechanism: uses a resource pool mode, in a first come first serve manner,
automatically allocates resources, and controls it using desktop group attributes.
Reclaiming mechanism: configures the time-out time of an ICA session as two hours. When
the time is out, automatically releases the resources and updates the data in the VDA registry.
Template mechanism: allows users to write in the personal directory (of desktop).
Automatically deletes personal profiles and history recording using a script during user
deregistration.
Implementation
Traditional Method Virtual Desktop
Maintenance workload of
800 machines
Three persons (according to the
industry practice: 100 PCs/person)
0.5 person
Application time of
personnel on business trips
60 minutes/person 1 minutes/person
Application times of
personnel on business trips
1000 times/year 0
Recycling and returning 60 minutes/person 0
Reuse rate 20% 90%
Desktop Cloud Solution Efficient Operation and
Maintenance White Paper
1 Efficient Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Scenarios of
Desktop Cloud
Issue 1.1 (2014-02-08) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
21
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
35pt
32pt
) :18pt
Page 1
China\
Domain users
Associated partition groups
Meeting room sign on
Personnel on business trips sign on
Emergency channel for all staffs
An
y tim
An
wh
ere
An
y o
ne
Virtual desktop pool
Automatic start
Resource distribution
Before work After work
Automatic
adjustment
Idle resource
Working time
Automatic
recycling
VM release
Post use
Automatic shutdown
Resource release
Automatic
distribution
VM bonding
Sign on
Set the virtual desktop policy as follows:
Twenty VMs are in the idle state at night. They can be used by the personnel working
overtime. At 05:00, automatically start all the 200 VMs. There is a peak workload period at
around 10:00. After the peak workload period, if VMs in the idle state are less than 50, the
system starts another 30 VMs. If VMs in the idle state are more than 50, the system shuts
down those unnecessary VMs. At 21:00, the system automatically shuts down VMs except 20
VMs.
Desktop Cloud Solution Efficient Operation and
Maintenance White Paper
1 Efficient Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Scenarios of
Desktop Cloud
Issue 1.1 (2014-02-08) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
22