hshm 447b/hist 483b history of chinese science
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HSHM 447b/HIST 483b History of Chinese Science. Rivers of China. Huang He (Yellow River) in North) Heilungjiang (Black Dragon River, Amur) in North Yalu River (Northeast) border with Korea Chang Jiang (Yangtze) (Long River) in Middle of China Zhu Jiang (Pearl River) in South - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
HSHM 447b/HIST 483bHistory of Chinese Science
Rivers of China
Huang He (Yellow River) in North)
Heilungjiang (Black Dragon River, Amur) in North
Yalu River (Northeast) border with Korea
Chang Jiang (Yangtze) (Long River) in Middle of China
Zhu Jiang (Pearl River) in South
Li Jiang (Li River) in South
Mekong in West (S. through VN)
Asian Languages (in a nutshell)
Altaic GroupTurkic; Mongolian; Tungus
Northeast Asia GroupKorean; Japanese
Sino-Tibetan GroupTibeto-Burmese; Thai; Miao-Yao; Chinese
Austro-Asiatic GroupKhymer; Cham; Mon
Malayo-Polynesian GroupMalay; Javanese; Taiwanese
Chinese Language Tips
No sound such as in English “at”.Thus: Tang does NOT rhyme with “bang” or “hang”. The vowel sounds as in “say aaahhh”, or “mama”
“e” sounds as “uh” in “duh” (Pinyin)Thus: Deng is sounded as “dung”
Surnames are positioned firstThus, Mao Zedong is Mr. Mao. His personal name is Zedong. Or as in “Bush Georgewalker”
Romanizations of Chinese
Pinyin (“spells the sound”) modern PRC: X, q problems
Wade-Giles (much English scholarship): hs and ch’ problems
Yale
Needham: thh problems
French and German systems
Pinyin and Wade-Giles Comparisons
Pinyin Wade-Giles
Beijing Peking
Zhu Xi Chu Hsi
Deng Xiaoping Teng Hsiao Ping
Xinjiang Sinkiang
Tang (Dynasty) T’ang (Dynasty)
Qing (Dynasty) Ch’ing (Dynasty)
Evolution of Chinese Scripts
Shang Dynasty Oracle Bones
Qing Dynasty stele with scripts in several languages
Periodization in Chinese HistoryTraditionally by Dynasty
Historical dynasties starting ~1766 BCEPrior “legendary dynasties”Dynastic concept based on ruler-heaven legitimacy theory
By Socio-political movements/eventsExpansionism, agriculture, trade
By Outside eventsInvading, non-Chinese rulersResponses to Western contacts/confrontations
By Intellectual/Philosophical currentsConfucianism/Daoism/BuddhismWestern Science and technology
Key Dynastic Landmarks
Shang Dynasty (1765 - 1122 BCE)Zhou Dynasty (1122 - 256 BCE)Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE)Tang Dynasty (618 - 907 CE)Sung Dynasty (960 – 1279 CE)Yuan Dynasty (1271 – 1367 CE)Ming Dynasty (1368 – 1644 CE)Qing Dynasty (1644 – 1911 CE)Republic (1912 – 1949 CE)People’s Republic (1949 – present)
Shang Bronze Vessel
Han Dynasty
Prancing Horse
Fancy Goldfish
Peony Varieties
Sung Dynasty
Celadon Bowl
Tang Dynasty Horse
Ming DynastyVase