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    How to Become a Motivational Leader

    Posting Date: July 26, 2006

    The Leader as Role Model

    Its been said, Leadershipis not what you do, but who you are. This, however, is only partially

    true.Leadershipis very much who you are, but it cannot be divorced from what you do. Who

    you are represents the inner person, and what you do represents the outer person. Each is

    dependent on the other for maximum effectiveness.

    The starting point of motivationalleadershipis to begin seeing yourself as a role model, as an

    example to others. One key characteristic of leaders is that they set high standards of

    accountability for themselves and for their behaviors. They assume that others are watching them

    and setting their own standards according to what they see.

    Leadership Power

    In business, there are several kinds of power. Two of these are position power and ascribed

    power:

    Position power is the power that comes with a job title or position in any organization. If you

    become a manager in a company, you automatically have certain powers and privileges that go

    along with your rank. You can order people about and make certain decisions. You can be a

    leader whether or not anyone likes you.

    Ascribed power is the power you gain because of the kind of person you are. In everyorganization, there are people who are inordinately influential and looked up to by others, even

    though their positions may not be high up on the organizational chart. These are the men and

    women who are genuine leaders because of the quality of the people they have become, because

    of their characters and their personalities.

    Over the years, we have been led to believe that leaders are those who stride boldly about, exude

    power and confidence, give orders and make decisions for others to carry out. However, that is

    old school thinking. The leader of today is the one who asks questions, listens carefully, plans

    diligently and then builds consensus among all those who are necessary for achieving the goals.

    The leader does not try to do it by him or herself. The leader gets things done by helping others

    to do them.

    Motivational Leading

    This brings us to five of the qualities of motivational leaders. These are qualities that you already

    have to a certain degree and that you can develop further to stand out from the people around you

    in a very short period of time.

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    1. Vision. This is the one single quality that, more than anything, separates leaders from

    followers. Leaders have vision. Followers do not. Leaders have the ability to stand back and see

    the big picture. Followers are caught up in day-to-day activities. Leaders have developed the

    ability to fix their eyes on the horizon and see greater possibilities. Followers are those whose

    eyes are fixed on the ground in front of them and who are so busy that they seldom look at

    themselves and their activities in a larger context.

    The most motivational vision you can have for yourself and others is to Be the best! Many

    people dont yet realize that excellent performance in serving other people is an absolute, basicessential for survival in the economy of the future. Many individuals and companies still adhere

    to the idea that as long as they are no worse than anyone else, they can remain in business. That

    is prehistoric thinking. We are now in the age of excellence. Customers assume that they will get

    excellent quality, and if they dont, they will go to your competitors so fast, peoples heads will

    spin.

    2. Integrity. This is perhaps the single most respected quality of leaders. Integrity is complete,

    unflinching honesty with regard to everything that you say and do. Integrity underlies all theother qualities. Your measure of integrity is determined by how honest you are in the critical

    areas of your life.

    Integrity means this: When someone asks you at the end of the day, Did you do your very

    best? you can look him in the eye and say, Yes! Integrity means this: When someone asksyou if you could have done it better, you can honestly say, No, I did everything I possibly

    could.

    Integrity means that you, as a leader, admit your shortcomings. It means that you work to

    develop your strengths and compensate for your weaknesses. Integrity means that you tell the

    truth and you live the truth in everything you do and in all your relationships. Integrity meansthat you deal straightforwardly with people and situations and that you do not compromise what

    you believe to be true.

    3. Courage. This is the chief distinguishing characteristic of the true leader. It is almost always

    visible in the leaders words and actions. It is absolutely indispensable to success, happiness and

    the ability to motivate other people to be the best they can be.

    In a way, it is easy to develop a big vision for yourself and for the person you want to be. It is

    easy to commit yourself to living with complete integrity. But it requires incredible courage to

    follow through on your vision and on your commitments. You see, as soon as you set a high goal

    or standard for yourself, you will run into all kinds of difficulties and setbacks. You will be

    surrounded by temptations to compromise your values and your vision. You will feel an almost

    irresistible urge to get along by going along. Your desire to earn the respect and cooperation ofothers can easily lead to the abandonment of your principles, and here is where courage comes

    in.

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    4. Realism. Realism is a form of intellectual honesty. The realist insists upon seeing the world as

    it really is, not as he wishes it were. This objectivity, this refusal to engage in self-delusion, is a

    mark of the true leader.

    Those who exhibit the quality of realism do not trust luck, hope for miracles, pray for exceptions

    to basic business principles, expect rewards without working or hope that problems will go awayby themselves. These all are examples of self-delusion, of living in a fantasyland.

    The motivational leader insists on seeing things exactly as they are and encourages others to look

    at life the same way. As a motivational leader, you get the facts, whatever they are. You deal

    with people honestly and tell them exactly what you perceive to be the truth. This doesnt mean

    that you will always be right, but you will always be expressing the truth in the best way you

    know how.

    5. Responsibility. This is perhaps the hardest quality to develop. The acceptance of

    responsibility means that, as Harry Truman said, The buck stops here.

    The game of life is very competitive. Sometimes, great success and great failure are separated by

    a very small distance. In watching the play-offs in basketball, baseball and football, we see that

    the winner can be decided by a single point, and that single point can rest on a single action, or

    inaction, on the part of a single team member at a critical part of the game.

    Life is very much like competitive sports. Very small things that you do, or dont do, can either

    give you the edge that leads to victory or take away your edge at the critical moment. This

    principle is especially true with regard to accepting responsibility for yourself and for everything

    that happens to you.

    Motivate Yourself First

    You become a motivational leader by motivating yourself. And you motivate yourself by striving

    toward excellence, by committing yourself to becoming everything you are capable of becoming.

    You motivate yourself by throwing your whole heart into doing your job in an excellent fashion.

    You motivate yourself and others by continually looking for ways to help others to improve their

    lives and achieve their goals. You become a motivational leader by becoming the kind of person

    others want to get behind and support in every way.

    Your main job is to take complete control of your personal evolution and become a leader in

    every area of your life. You could ask for nothing more, and you should settle for nothing less.

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    Motivation and Motivational Leadership

    Vicki Notes

    Introduction

    The ability to lead depends on understanding what will move people to perform. A trueleader is someone who is self-motivated to achieve and able to energize others

    The Art of Leadership

    Leadership includes the ability to understand what drives individuals to takespecific actions and to create opportunities for them to meet personal and

    organizational needs at the same time.

    Motivation: What is it and what it is not

    Motivation implies action and energy. It can be protection or achievement oriented.Such as doing just enough to keep your job or making an effort to produce at a high

    level over extended periods of time.

    Leaders are identified by the ability to make things happen. If individuals are trying to perform they are motivated. Action must be present, because wanting to do something does not always result in

    moving to do so.

    Key Qualities of a motivational leader

    Motivational leaders consistently demonstrate a number of qualities that developgradually over time in response to successes & failures in achieving desired responses

    from others

    What are the characteristics of a motivational leader?

    Preparation, presence & perceptual ability. Preparation - knowledge & skill Presence - communication, confidence, commitment & energy Perceptual ability - insight

    What are the key qualities of a motivational leader?

    Knowledge & skill, effective communication of ideas, confidence, commitment,energy, insight into the needs of others and an ability to take the action necessary to

    achieve goals important to others.

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    Knowledge and Skill - comes from preparation in the responsibilities of health caredelivery & organizational duty. This leader has the ability to evaluate the likelihood

    of success in accomplishing goals, and is able to support or suggest changes.

    Effective Communication of Ideas - involves the ability to convey ideas clearly and insuch a way that they can be heard positively.

    Confidence - comes from an internal sense of security that one is competent to makea statement or take action, and that there is a reasonable chance of success in

    accomplishing something of value. The motivational leader is secure enough to have

    a lower need to control & as a result is able to encourage autonomy, participation &

    the empowerment of staff in decision-making.

    Commitment - is the internalization of an idea and a resulting drive to accomplishspecific goals. The mere setting of goals does not indicate leadership that motivates.

    It is the ability of the leader to translate the importance of the goal (or purpose) to

    others and to elicit actions from others that support reaching a goal.

    Energy - is also needed to empower and fire the imagination of others & constantlyinvent & move ahead toward future events as well as current needs. Different styles

    of energy can be motivational. The 'high energy leader' who is effective in one

    situation may be viewed as 'pushy & aggressive' in another situation.

    Insight into the Needs of Others - is the acute awareness of the reason behind eventsand an ability to anticipate results of actions. When a leader can put goals into a form

    that has real or personal value to each person, then motivation will exists.

    Additional key qualities of a motivational leader are abilities to listen, reservejudgement, give direct & positive feedback, recognize individual value through respectfor others, and use humor.

    Professional practice & shared governance depend on the clinical leader to produce anenvironment that fosters autonomy in decision-making & provides the skills, resources

    & information needed for others to make this transition.

    Theories of Motivation

    Physical Needs: Fatigue, Stress, and Biological Factors

    Physical needs can support or hinder an individual's ability to accomplish a job.Staff may instinctively draw back from the activity that is causing the stress or may

    become ineffective in their activities (recall the general adaptation syndrome).

    Evaluate whether working conditions permit staff to satisfy basic needs such ashunger, thirst or sleep. If these needs are left unattended, the quality of performance

    & morale will decline & resignation will increase.

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    Also, the realization that the leader is aware of the problem & able to empowerothers toward an actual intervention can be motivational.

    Psychological Needs

    People can be expected to perform better to the extent that goals are difficult,specific & attractive.

    Force-Field Theory

    The classicForce-Field Theory refers to the extent that people can view the 'bigpicture' (or total issue) that they are dealing with gives them an opportunity to gain

    insight into the problem.

    If the leader sets goals that a person finds attainable then motivation can be stimulated.Performance levels also depend on the leader providing feedback.

    Expectancy-Value Theory

    TheExpectancy-Value Theory states that people will choose the behavior with thelargest combination of expected success and value. A leader can use this theory by

    evaluating what is important to a specific person & designing a means by which that

    individual can achieve their own goal while fulfilling the leader's goal. For example, a

    person can gain financial benefit from reducing organizational expenditures.

    For this theory to work you must consider several factors & the person's perceptionof the following:

    His or Her own capability of meeting a desired goal (their knowledge, skill &competence).

    The value of the goal. The probability that the goal will be fully realized. The cost (be it personal or financial). The risk (be it esteem, status or safety).

    Equity Theory

    This theory addresses that a person's motivation is also affected by whether peoplefeel they are being treated fairly.It involves the evaluation of what one puts into a job

    versus what one gets out of it in comparison with some other relevant person.

    Motivational-Hygiene Theory

    Stresses the importance of job enrichment to improve the meaningfulness ofassignments, perceived significance & worker autonomy. This works best with the

    self-motivated person.

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    Sociological Influences

    The environment of the job in itself may be a motivating force. The need to be likedby others & a sense of belonging to a select group may fulfill needs for affiliation or

    self-esteem.

    Human Resources Model (X, Y, & Z)

    Theory X emphasized external rewards & that close supervision implied thatemployees would not work unless controlled through the use of rewards &

    punishments.

    Theory Y emphasized that workers were seen as being able to derive satisfactionfrom the work itself & make commitments to organizational goals.

    Theory Z, a combination of X and Y works the best. Theory Z suggests that peoplehave both characteristics pertaining to both theories & that involvement of

    employees is essential for any organization to excel. Shared governance is one

    example of how a health care organization can extend full decision participation toits members

    Application of Theory and Establishment of Motivational conditions Design

    There are five broad categories of conditions needed to establish favorablemotivation patterns & are listed as follows:

    Norm Design

    No matter how broadly defined, the standard operating procedure of a system mustbe clearly stated, both verbal & written.

    External Rules

    The external rules by which an organization is judged must be known by itsmembers & may be seen in policies & procedures for various levels within the

    organization. Examples of external rules include the state nurse practice act,

    JCAHO, NCQA (National Committee on Quality Assurance, standards & legal

    requirements of care, and federal & states laws.

    Internal Rules

    Include policies, procedures and protocols established by the organization. Thesehelp to ensure compliance and provide further definition & control or standardize

    behavior.

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    Rules, or norms are intended to serve as a basis for predictable performance ofcritical work processes that protect the legal status of the organization & its

    members & provide quality patient outcomes.

    Standard Benefits

    An organization may offer benefits as a tangible means of attracting, retaining &rewarding staff. This also makes an organization competitive with other

    organizations to attract & retain staff.

    Incentive Rewards

    Were developed to stimulate employee motivation to achieve high personal &organizational goals. As a result, performance can be expected to improve and

    commitment to the goal increased.

    By giving staff a route of professional recognition based on an achieved level ofcompetency, a personally rewarding career route can be made available.

    Professional Environment

    As a motivational element, job satisfaction has been defined as the degree of positiveeffect toward the overall job or its components. It does not, in itself, ensure

    achievement motivation.

    Managed Care and Nursing Case Management

    Is an example of one approach to create a motivating professional environment.Nursing case management provides continuity by linking tasks, shifts &departments.

    Interpersonal and Social Factors

    An important responsibility of the clinical leader is participating in the selection ofpersonnel & establishing a climate that enhances motivation. It is useful to match

    new employees to interpersonal needs of the staff & create group strength.

    Controlling the Spin and Building the Team

    Controlling the spin means making sure that communication & actions are clearlyinterpreted in the way in which they were intended.

    Clear communication at every stage of growth & change is a key feature in havingothers understand, participate & buy into decisions.

    How might a leader set new directions?o Through group process techniques - Quality circles, Problem-solving teams,

    Delphi technique (think tank ideas) & Focus groups.

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    o And through leadership mechanisms - Delegation, Recognition & Collegialrelationships.

    Developing Self-Motivating Environments

    To be effective an organization must be able to attract & hold people in a systemwho are dependable in their work performance & have innovative & spontaneousbehavior.

    Vision of the Future

    Staff involvement in creating a future vision is essential. The development of this future vision marks an opportunity for staff to express

    ideas & form commitments.

    It requires motivational leaders with a strong sense of self & an ability to welcomechange & uncertainty.

    Organizational Design

    Emerging organizational designs involve effective planning that incorporates allcommitted & productive employees. Several designs are discussed as follows.

    Lattices and Matrices

    A lattice organization allows people to deal with others across the organization. Itoperates to reduce traditional hierarchy & give motivational autonomy &

    recognition to employees.

    Amoeba Diagrams

    Is the drawing of organizational lines according to actual working relationships &business dependencies. This would be like drawing a free-form line around the

    clinical leader, clinical nurses, dietary aide, pharmacist, laboratory technician,

    housekeeper and doctor for a given patient population.

    Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurship

    This work design encourages intrapreneurial ventures. In this arrangement,employees are given autonomy to develop & implement new ideas & to benefitfinancially, personally & professionally from their efforts. (Example: A staff-created

    and managed clinic for abused children).

    Entrepreneurship goes a step further in that the employee or group of employeesbecomes independent of the organization to undertake & manage their own

    ventures. (Example: Nurses leave hospital employment to establish a home health

    agency for community-based care).

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    Nursing Research Issues in Motivation

    As the nature of health care service shifts, the need for nursing will continue to grow& evolve.

    Research Models mentioned in this chapter

    Results of Empowerment as a Motivator:o Enables others to act; increases employee job satisfaction & organizational

    commitment.

    o There is a positive correlation between staff nurses perceptions ofempowerment & their perceptions of manager's power

    o How people perceive empowerment leads to organizational commitment. Results of the Organization as an Influence:

    o Work restructuring results in a 20% reduction in nursing budget operations.o Reengineering via function following form leads to improvements in quality,

    service & financial outcomes.

    o Staff nurses' involvement does not ensure their influence on practice. Role of job satisfaction:

    o Autonomy positively influences job satisfaction.o Professional satisfaction & satisfaction with the organization are predictive

    of turnover.

    o Enthusiasm & interest in work are significantly related to having a variety ofexperiences & to enhancement of patient wellness, pace, recognition,

    personal growth, & development & technology.

    Summary

    Motivation is the basis for human behavior. In this day of rapid change the need to maintain a creative, committed & productive

    workplace is very important.

    The hallmark of leadership is an ability to motivate others to develop & achieveestablished goals & a sense of personal accomplishment & satisfaction.

    The End!