How Our Brain Works?

Presented By:

Mrs. Ghazala Naved

DAPS O & A Level School Sea View

Objectives

Approach

Nervous system

Main parts of the brain

Cerebrum

Cerebellum

Medulla

Spinal Cord

Nerve cells

Nerves

Sensory nerve cells

Motor nerve cells

Connecting nerve cells

Reflex action

Contents

Remembering: To initiate students’ thinking and to understand their preconceptions the students will be asked a few motivational questions.

Understanding: For better understanding, comparison between computer and brain will be explained with the help of examples

Applying: with the help of visual aids and objects in the environment lecture/demonstration method will be adopted

Objectives

Analyzing: in order to make the concept clear the whole topic will be divided into parts e.g. nervous system, functions of the different parts of the brain and functions of the different nerve cells so that the students can differentiate between the parts of the brain, sense organs and reflex actions

Evaluating: evaluation will be done with the help of work sheets and activities during the session

Creating: students will be guided to investigate a few questions related to the topic through the internet

Objectives

Nervous System

nerves

The Nervous System is made up of all the nerves and the brain. This system carries messages from one part to another

Approach

Our brain is the control centre of the whole body .It receives messages form all parts of our body and issues necessary commands to control the body’s actions. The delicate brain is protected on the outside by strong skull bones.

The Brain

Main Parts of the Brain

The brain is divided onto 3 main regions-the cerebrum, cerebellum and the medulla. Each part has its own functions to perform.

Cerebrum

The Cerebrum is the main part of the brain. It has many folds and grooves. It does all our thinking

Cerebellum:It’s a small egg-shaped part under the cerebrum at the back of the head. The cerebellum works with the cerebrum to control the movements of our muscles. it also helps our body to keep its balance.

Medulla:It is shaped like a stem. It comes out from the base of the brain and joins spinal cord. It controls involuntary actions such as breathing and heart beat.

Spinal Cord

The Spinal Cord is shaped like a tube. It is about as thick as one of our fingers. It starts from the medulla and goes down the middle of our back. Messages travel from our brain, down the spinal cord to all parts of our body.

Nerves

Sensory Nerve Cells carry signals from the sense organs to the spinal cord and the brain. Theses signals are information about things such as temperature, smell, color or pressure.

Motor Nerve Cells send signals from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles. These are signals that make the muscles move.

Connecting Nerve Cells pass signals between the sensory nerve cells and the motor nerve cells. These nerve cells are in the brain and in the spinal cord.

Reflex Actions

Reflex Actions are automatic actions that do not need thinking. They are controlled by the spinal cord