how long do children play wii active video games: an experiment
DESCRIPTION
How Long do Children Play Wii Active VideoGames: An ExperimentPresented at 2011 Games for Health Conference by Tom Baranowski, PhD Professor of Pediatrics (Behavioral Nutrition & PA) USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas, 77030, USATRANSCRIPT
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Tom Baranowski, PhD Professor of Pediatrics (Behavioral Nutrition & PA)
USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas, 77030, USA www.bcm.edu/cnrc/faculty/?PMID=9519
How Long do Children Play Wii Active Video
Games: An Experiment
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Substantial interest in Exergames - Active Video Games
• Almost more reviews than there are original articles
• Can they increase PA? • Do they increase PA at home under naturalistic
circumstances? For how long? • Do they increase PA in unsafe neighborhoods?
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Can they increase PA? (Exercise Physiology)
• The motivated right person under the right circumstances for a sufficient duration can get: -‐ A moderate work out:
• DDR • Wii
-‐ A vigorous work out: • DDR • Wii
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Do they increase PA at home under naturalistic circumstances? For how long? • Controversy on this point • Most studies -‐ Not experimental -‐ Did not use objective monitors
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Do they increase PA in unsafe neighborhoods under naturalistic circumstances? (when children are not allowed outside to play)
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Hypotheses • Children receiving their first active Wii games will have more of
an increase in minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day after playing each game and the increase will be cumulative over time (more after one game, and even more after two games)
• During the time playing the games (active games by the active group, inactive games by the inactive group), the group assigned the active games will get more PA during game play than the group playing inactive games
• The effects of these games will be moderated by the perceived safety of neighborhood (unsafe neighborhoods getting more PA)
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Research Design
Baseline Assess
Baseline Accel (1 wk)
Randomization Mid Assess
Post Asses
Wk 1 Accel
Wk 6 Accel
TRT2
Wk 7 Accel
Wk 12 Accel
CTL1
Wk 1 Accel
Wk 6 Accel
CTL2
Wk 7 Accel
Wk 12 Accel
TRT1
2 weeks 6 weeks 2 weeks 6 weeks 2 weeks
n=41
m=37
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Sample 1
• Inclusion Criteria -‐ 9 yo < child < 12 yo -‐ 50th < BMI%tile < 99th -‐ English speaking -‐ Parent allowed child to play video games -‐ Have TV to which to attach Wii
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Sample 2
• Exclusion Criteria -‐ Medical problems could prevent playing video games -‐ Hx of epileptic seizures -‐ Already have a Wii console -‐ Not wear accelerometer for 5 of 7 days at baseline -‐ Live < 12 miles of CNRC
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Measures • Child accelerometers -‐ Device that objectively measure PA
• Worn 7 days at each of 5 time intervals
• Child received Wii console if provided all measures
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Sample Characteristics Ethnicity
African American 46%
White 12%
Hispanic 4%
Other 7%
MulGple 31%
Age (x + sd) (years) 11.2 + 1.2
Gender
Male 52%
Female 48%
BMI%Gle 77.8%
-
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Sample Loss
Treatment Control
Total lost due to
End 41 37
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Frequency Distribution of “Not Safe” Neighborhood
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Mean Levels of In/Activities for trt & ctl
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
There was no significant interaction term with perceived neighborhood safety
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Mean, SD and SE on time spent in active and inactive video games for each group separately at each time interval
Ac2ve Game Inac2ve Game
Group Week n Mean Std Mean Std
Control Week 1 37 6.47 24.17 27.21 33.89
Week 6 37 8.16 24.10 21.23 29.48
Week 7 37 1.93 8.85 59.73 87.51
Week 12 37 6.17 18.95 17.38 35.54
Treatment Week 1 41 28.14 31.49 3.75 15.57
Week 6 41 12.03 13.26 5.53 14.92
Week 7 41 21.10 24.25 4.18 13.42
Week 12 41 7.86 10.23 2.57 8.42
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Challenges in Matching Wii Record w/Game Log
Wii LOG Matched Y/N
Games we Offered # of Cases
Games we Did Not Offer
TOTAL
A A Yes 521 98 619
I I 560 159 749
A I No 3 1 4
I A 42 5 47
Wii Only No 1169 109 1278
LOG Only 416 66 482
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Conclusions • Children obtaining Wii console and two active Wii
video games did not participate in increased PA over those receiving two inactive Wii video games
• Children receiving the active Wii games and living in an unsafe neighborhood did not participate in increased PA over those in safe neighborhoods
• What could be done with active video games to increase the level of PA? And maintain it?
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Strengths of the Study
• Random assignment to condition • Objective measure of PA for multiple days at 5
time intervals • High maintenance rage • High complete data
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Limitations/Weaknesses
• Modest sample • Only in Houston • Some cross-game contamination • (but naturalistic in circumstances) • Could not link accelerometry data with time of
active game play • Findings do not generalize to other ages • Findings do not generalize to other AVG systems
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Wii
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Collaborators (in alphabetical order)
• Dina Abdelsamad
• Janice Baranowski, MPH, RD
• Tony Barnett, PhD
• Felica Bradford, BIT
• Ester Cerin, PhD
• Ann Chen, PhD
• Teresia O’Connor, MD, MPH
• Debbe Thompson, PhD
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Dêkuji! (Czeck)
DANKE! (German)
MUITO OBRIGADO! (Portuguese) M G̀ÒI! (Chinese, Cantonese)
ARIGATŌ! (Japanese) MERCI BEAUCOUP!(French)
MUCHAS GRACIAS! (Spanish) SERDECZNIE DZIĘKUJĘ! (Polish)
SHUKRAN! (Arabic, Middle East) TACK SÅMYCKET! (Swedish)
TAKK! (Norwegian) EFCHARISTO! (GREEK)
Xie Xie! (Chinese, Mandarin)
Dank u wel (Dutch)
Khawp Khun maxh! (Thai) Grazie! (Italian)
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
The effect of group and time on average minutes per day
• aThere was a significant week effect for sedentary minutes[F=26.31, p<.0001]. The week effect indicates that Week 6 was significantly different from baseline, Week 1, Week 7 and Week 12. Sedentary minutes at Week 6 were higher than at baseline, Week 1, Week 7 and Week 12.
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM
Pediatrics
Games for Health Wednesday, May 18, 2011
5:30-‐6:00 PM