how iaq affects you

8/10/2019 How IAQ Affects You

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Passive

Measures

IAQ Workshop20thAugust 2013, Johor Bahru

INDOOR AIR:THE SILENT KILLER
http://www.nipponpaint.com.my/


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1. IEQ & IAQ; Context

2. IEQ & GBI CONTEXT

3. NATURALVENTILATION

4. IAQ TOXICITY

5. MOULDPREVENTION

Content2


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Indoor Environmental Quality4


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Visual

Comfort

IEQ and GBI Context5

RESIDENTIALNEWCONSTRUCTIONVERSION3

Visual Comfort

EE4 Lighting & Control 2 point

Maintain overall luminance not more

than specified in MS1525

EQ4 Day Lighting 3 points> 50%/75% habitable rooms daylit

EQ5 External Views 1 point

All habitable rooms to have direct views.


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Thermal Comfort

EQ1

Min. IAQ Performance3 pointsAdequate fresh air to maintain thermal

comfort and air quality.

ThermalComfort


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Environ-mentalToxicity

OdourQuality



Odour Quality

EQ1 Min. IAQ Performance3 points

Adequate fresh air to maintain air quality.

EQ2 VoC Minimisation 2 points

Reduce VoC to reduce odour

EQ3 Formaldehyde Minimisation 1 point

Reduce Formaldehyde to reduce odour

Environmental Toxicity

Indoor Air Quality

Indoor AirQuality


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Natural Ventilation & IAQ9 Passive design measure

Low cost alternative to low building energy

Natural means to maintain air quality

Vents build-up of toxic gases and

indoor pollutants (principally

pathogens)

Low cost/ natural means of

maintaining indoor thermal

comfort.


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Natural Ventilation & IAQ11

ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007, Ventilation for

Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, minimumventilation rates and indoor air quality acceptable

for human occupants of a building Considers

chemical, physical, and biological contaminants.

Table 6-1 Minimum Ventilation Rates in Breathing ZoneFlow rate per person or per unit area (ASHRAE 62.1 -2007) e.g.

Office space 5 cfm/person

Mall & supermarket 7.5 cfm/person

Restaurant & Caf 7.5 cfm/person

Lecture hall 7.5 cfm/person

Games arcade / Casino 7.5 cfm/personComputer & Science Lab 10 cfm/person

Disco & Aerobics room 20 cfm/person


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Outdoor Air-Ventilation Rates should comply with Third

Schedule (By Law 41) Article 12 (1) of Uniform Building By

Laws, 1984 ( UBBL )

MS 1525:2007 - Section 8.1.4 Ventilation


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BUILDING TYPE MINIMUM FRESH AIR

VENTILATION cubic meter/min

RESIDENTIAL

COMMERCIAL

OFFICES

SCHOOL CLASSROOM

HOSPITAL WARDS

0.14/occupant

(0.23 lit/sec/m2 floor area

average)

CONFERENCE ROOMS 0.28/occupant

FACTORIES 0.21/occupant

Basement car Park (Mech) 6 air change/hour


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Natural Ventilation & IAQ15Bylaw 39(1)

Every room designed for residential, business or other purposesexcept hospitals & schools shall be provided with natural

lighting and natural ventilation by means of one or more

windows having total area not less than 10% of the floor area

and shall have opening for uninterrupted air passage of 5%

Bylaw 39(2)Hospitals window area 15% and open able windows 10%

Schools window area 20% and open able windows 10%

Ventilation, whether mechanical or natural, may be used for:

AIR QUALITY CONTROL: to control building air quality, by diluting internally-generated air

contaminants with cleaner outdoor air,

DIRECTADVECTIVECOOLING: to directly cool building interiors by replacing or diluting warm indoor

air with cooler outdoor air when conditions are favorable,

DIRECT PERSONAL COOLING: to directly cool building occupants by directing cool outdoor air over

building occupants at sufficient velocity to enhance convective transport of heat and moisture

from the occupants, and

INDIRECT NIGHT COOLING: to indirectly cool building interiors by pre-cooling thermally massive

components of the building fabric or a thermal storage system with cool nightime outdoor air.


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Outdoor air required (L/s,m2 of floor area)

0 2 4 6 8 10

AirFlowwindowa

rea/Floo

rArea(x100%) 100

0

20

40

60

80

If by-law 39 is complied, air change requirement will comply


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Global Cross Ventilation

Global Stack Ventilation


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Local Single Sided Ventilation


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Natural Ventilation & Cooling21


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CROSS VENTILATION COOLING ESTIMATES

DOUBLE STOREY TERRACE HOUSE 6M X 10M

COMPONENT DAY NITE

HEAT(w/m2) HEAT(w/m2)

Internal heat gains 12 12

Roof heat gains 25 0

Front & Back Elev heat gains 30 0

Total Heat Gains 67 12

Vent Cooling

Wind 2.5 & 0.5 m/s Opening 5% 80 20

Effective Vent cooling 13 8

Wind 2.5 & 0.5 m/s Opening 7% 110 30



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Cross Ventilation


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COMPONENT DAY NITE

HEAT(w/m2) HEAT(w/m2)

Internal heat gains 12 12

Roof heat gains 25 0

Front & Back Elev heat gains 30 0

Total Heat Gains 67 12

Vent Cooling

Wind 2.5 & 0.5 m/s Opening 5% 80 20

Stack 3m Opening 5% 30 30

Combined Vent Cooling 110 65


Wind 2.5 & 0.5 m/s Opening 7% 110 30

Stack 5m Opening 7% 45 45

Combined Vent Cooling 125 80


Cross & Stack Ventilation


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Natural Ventilation & Cooling26STACK VENTILATION


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Natural Ventilation & Cooling28CROSS & STACK VENTILATION


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Indoor Air Quality Chemicals31

Indoor AirQuality


OdourQuality


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Indoor Air Quality Pathogens32


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Indoor Air Quality33

Odour Quality

EQ1 Min. IAQ Performance3 pointsAdequate fresh air to maintain air quality.

EQ2 VoC Minimisation 2 points

Reduce VoC to reduce odour

EQ3 Formaldehyde Minimisation 1 point

Reduce Formaldehyde to reduce odour

Environmental ToxicityIndoor Air Quality

Indoor AirQuality


OdourQuality


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EQ1 MIN. IAQ PERFORMANCE34


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EQ3 Formaldehyde Minimisation41


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NRNC, EQ5 Mould Prevention42


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Mould is a major cause of IAQ issues in the tropics. Whilst RNC

may not have recommendations on mould prevention, it is good

design practice to prevent moulds during design & construction

stage.


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Typical waterproofing details


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NRNC, EQ5 Mould Prevention49Typical waterproofing details


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Typical waterproofing details


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No proper water seal for

sanitary pipes throughconcrete slab.

Floor trap without proper

joint and seal.


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Rising damp atskirting level of last

unit (near river

where water table is

high). No properwater proofing

detailings.


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CELEBRATING 50 MILLION SQ FT CERTIFIED GBI

S P A C E I N M A R C H 2 0 1 3

INDOOR AIR:


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Passive

Measures

IAQ Workshop20thAugust 2013, Johor Bahru

INDOOR AIR:THE SILENT KILLER

Ir Looi Hip Peu

[email protected]

President

Malaysia Green Building

C o n f e d e r a t i o n

www m bc or my
http://www.nipponpaint.com.my/

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