how can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems?...

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How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? 1) Pollution 2) temperature 3) dissolved oxygen 4) phosphates 5) ph 6) turbidity 7) upwelling

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Page 1: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and

marine ecosystems?

➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen ➢ 4) phosphates➢ 5) ph➢ 6) turbidity➢ 7) upwelling

Page 2: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

Pollution

Pollution is any harmful material that is released into the environment.

➢ It can be natural or a result of human activities.

➢Most pollution in the world’s oceans is found along the coastlines.

Page 3: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

Direct and Indirect Pollution

Direct (from one source) examples of pollution include:➢ Landfill leaks➢ Industry dumping waste water➢ Oil spills➢ Sewage systems

Indirect (from many sources) examples of pollution include:➢ Oils leaks from cars and trucks on roads➢ Pesticides and fertilizers from lawns, farms, golf courses, ➢ animal waste from farms➢ runoff from city streets

Page 4: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

Temperature

➢ temperature- warm water hold less dissolved oxygen than cold water. (The more dissolved oxygen there is the better for living organisms)

Page 5: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

Dissolved OxygenThe amount of dissolved oxygen in the water may

depend on several factors:abiotic (non-living) factors: ➢ Colder, moving water holds more dissolved oxygen

biotic (living) factors:➢ living things consume dissolved oxygen in water➢ Too many dead organisms cause decomposers to

use up available oxygen

➢ Lack of oxygen kills the organisms that need it.➢ Dissolved oxygen levels should be 5 mg/L (or 5 ppm)

or greater

Page 6: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

Phosphates

➢ Phosphates are substances occurring naturally in the soil which enhance plant growth.

➢ Phosphates can become a problem in water systems:

excess plant →decomposition → low oxygen levels

➢ Phosphate levels should be less than 10 μg/L

Page 7: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen
Page 8: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

pH

➢pH scale0------------------------7-----------------------14Acids Neutral Bases

➢Acid rain, formed as a result of pollution, can affect pH.

➢Water pH should be in the range of 5 to 8.5, if not plant or animal life may begin to die.

Page 9: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

Turbidity➢ Turbidity is the amount of undissolved solids suspended

in the water (cloudy water) turbidity

blocks sunlight ↓

less photosynthesis

less O2 produced ↓

organisms begin to die

Page 10: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

Upwelling

➢Upwelling is the vertical motion of water in the ocean (subsurface water of lower temperature and greater density moves toward the surface of the ocean)

upwelling →nutrients→ plant life → attracts animal life

Page 11: How can abiotic factors affect plant and animal distributions in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ➢ 1) Pollution ➢ 2) temperature ➢ 3) dissolved oxygen

The End