how are your berries? 2015leoimages.blob.core.windows.net/hubfiles/alaska/... · • different...
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How are your berries? 2015 Jerry Hupp
U.S. Geological Survey
Kira Wilkinson Alaska Native Science and Engineering Program, UAA
Mike Brubaker and Jeni Williamson Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium
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Winter snow cover
Timing of snow melt
Spring precipitation
Wind during pollination
Spring temperatures
Summer temperatures
Summer precipitation
Invasive species
Coastal flooding
Permafrost loss
Are Berries Indicators of Climate Change?
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We sent a survey to the LEO community and distributed surveys at ATCEM and AFE
LEO
No LEO
• Which of 16 species of berries did people pick? • Have you seen changes in berry harvests in the past decade?
How are your berries? 2013
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Communities That Completed Surveys
96 Responses From 73 Communities
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0
20
40
60
80
100
Cloudberry Crowberry Low-bushBlueberry
Lingonberry High-bushBlueberry
Nagoonberry High-bushCranberry
Raspberry
% o
f re
spo
nd
en
ts
Berries Identified as Very Important to Communities in the Polar Ecoregion
43 Responses from 34 communities
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0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Cloudberry Crowberry Low-bush Blueberry
% o
f R
esp
on
den
ts
More Abundant
No Change
More Variable
Less Abundant
(n = 42) (n = 37) (n = 34)
Polar Ecoregion
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• Different berries are important in different regions of Alaska • 67% of people reported that at least one berry that was very important to
their community had either declined in abundance, or become more variable in the past decade.
• For 7 of 12 berries on the survey, the number of people that reported
abundance had declined or become more variable was greater than the number that reported no change or increased abundance.
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Observations from LEOs and Others
Cloudberry (Salmonberry)
If it is hot and dry in June there are less berries. (Andreafsky)
With a long hot and dry July, they are smaller (Eek)
If not a lot of snow and a dry spring they will not have a good year (Galena)
When the weather is dry there will hardly be any (Lower Kalskag)
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What’s Next?
How are your berries 2015 survey
• Ask about your harvest of seven berries in 2015 and conditions that affected harvest.
• Upcoming online survey.
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Cloudberry Other names: Salmonberry, Naunraq (Yup’ik), Aqpik (Inupiaq) How does this berry grow: It is close to the ground, usually in tundra and bog. There is a single berry on the plant. Its color can vary from orange to red. Scientific name: Rubus chamaemorus
*Did you pick this berry in 2015? o Yes o No o We tried to, but there weren’t enough to pick
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Cloudberry
*How was your harvest of this berry in 2015?
o It was very good. It was one of the best years that I can remember o Better than average, but not as good as some years o It was about average o We had some berries, but fewer than average o There were hardly any berries. It was one of the worst years that I
can remember
Do you have any other observations for this berry that you would like to share?
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Low-bush Cranberry Other names: Lingonberry, Red Berries, Tumalqliq (Yup’ik), Netl’ kwntsan (Athabascan), Kipminaq (Inupiaq), Kiikax^ (Unangax)
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Low-bush Blueberry (knee-high or shorter) Other names: Bog Blueberry, Dwarf Blueberry, Sur’aq (Yup’ik), Tujija (Athabascan), Ux^iidgix^ (Unangax), Subaq (Inupiaq)
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High-bush Blueberry (waist-high or taller) Other names: Huckleberry, Ts’éekáxk’w (Tlingit), Sur’avak (Yup’ik), Tl’asts’eni (Athabascan)
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Crowberry Other names: Blackberry, Mossberry, Paunbaq (Inupiaq), Tan’gerpak (Yup’ik), Dzilnolt’ars / Naht’aezi (Athabascan), Aangsux^ (Unangax), Xéel’I (Tlingit)
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Raspberry Other names: Red Raspberry, Dwhnikotl’ (Athabascan), Neeldaggay (Koyukon), Tléñw yádi (Tlingit), Puyuraarpak (Yup’ik)
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Salmonberry Other names: Was’x’aan tléicu (Tlingit), Aahmaadan (Unangax), I’tim u’lgux (Aleut), Nkaal (Athabascan)
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What’s Next?
How are your berries 2015 survey
• Raise awareness of the importance of wild foods to rural Alaska.
• Guide future research.
• Plan for food security.
• Look for patterns common to regions or berries.
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Thanks!