Reproductive System Handout

I. Female structures

a. Internal structure

i. Ovaries

1. Located: end of _______________________ tube

2. Produce hormones___________________ & _________________

3. Stores _________________________________________

ii. Fallopian tubes

1. Thin ___________________________________

2. Smooth _______________________________

3. Lined with ______________________________

4. Usually where ____________________________ occurs

iii. Uterus: AKA ___________________________

1. Location: between ____________________ & ______________

2. Function

a. Receive ____________________________ egg

b. Site for _______________ & development of the _______

3. 3 Parts: ______________________________________________

4. 3 Layers: Perimetrium, Myometrium, ______________________

a. Responds to changes in __________________ & _______

b. Prepares for _________________________ of _________

iv. Vagina: AKA ________________________________

1. Fidromuscular _____________________________

2. Located between ____________________ & _________________

3. Function: _______________________, exit for _______________

b. External Genitalia

i. Mons pubis: pad of _________________________ tissue

ii. Labia: ___________________________________

iii. Vestibule: area between _______________________________

1. Clitoris: ______________________________

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2. ______________________ opening

3. ______________________ opening

c. Breast / mammary gland

i. Supported by ______________________________________________

ii. Richly supplied with ______________ ____________ _____________

iii. Primary purpose: ___________________________________________

iv. Structures

1. _____________________

2. _____________________

3. Mammary ____________________________

4. Tail of _______________________________

II. Menstrual Cycle

a. Endometrium responses to changes in __________________

b. Menstrual phase

i. ______________________, slough & ____________________

c. Proliferative phase

i. ______________________ & __________________________

d. Secretory phase

i. ________ vascularity

ii. Prepares to ______________________ fertilized _________

III. Assessment of Female Reproductive System

a. Breast:

i. S_________________________

ii. S_________________________

iii. C_________________________

iv. Skin _________________________

v. L__________________________

b. Pelvic

i. Position: ____________________________

ii. Inspect

iii. Palpate

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iv. Have the client “_________________ down”

1. _______________________ protrusions, incontinence

c. Mammography

i. ________________of the _____________________

ii. Purpose: Screen for _____________________________________

d. Abdominal Laparoscopy

i. ______________ examination of the abdomen using _____________ tube

ii. Abd is filled with ______________________________

iii. Nursing Care: Before

1. Informed _____________________

2. Reinforce _______________________

3. ____________________ questions

4. NOC before: __________________ & _________________ scrub

5. Empty _________________________

6. Baseline _____________________

iv. Nursing Care After:

1. __________________ Vital signs

a. Report temp > _____________________

2. Apply perineal _______________ Change ____________

3. Observe _________________: ____________________________,

_________________________formation

4. May occur: ________________ pain, __________ through vagina

& __________________

5. Keep IV until _________________________

6. Provide ________________________ instructions

7. When to notify MD: ________________intense ________ pain ,

_____________ , __________ leakage, _________________,

Difficulty _________________

e. Colposcopy

i. Examine: ________________ & _________________________

ii. Brightly lighted __________________________________

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Small Group Questions

1. A patient is going to have a colposcopy. What teaching would you do before the

procedure?

2. What would you note in a breast exam as being abnormal and worthy of further

investigation?

3. Identify the anatomical structures that an ovum travels through and then exits the body

(and their functions)

4. What is the endometrium and how is it different than other tissue of the body?

5. What would you teach your client following a laparoscopic procedure?

IV. Endometriosis

a. Endometrial tissue found _____________________ the uterus

b. ____________________ locations: _____________ organs, _____________

c. Complications: __________________, __________________, scarring,

__________________

d. S&S: Just before /during _________________

i. Dys _______________________

ii. Backache

iii. _______________________

iv. Dys_____________________

v. Infertility

e. Diagnostic procedure: ________________________________

f. Medication / treatment

i. Pain: ______________________________________________

ii. Suppress ovarian function: ________________________________

V. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

a. ________________________ of the pelvic _______________________

b. Common Cause: ________________________ (Gonorrhea & Chlamydia)

c. Major cause of female __________________________

d. Pathophysiology: Organism _________________ up ____________ ____

e. S&S

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i. High ____________________

ii. Vaginal ______________________

iii. ________________lower abd pain

iv. _________________

v. _________________

vi. Dys ____________________

f. Tx/Rx ______________________________ & _________________________

i. Treat the ______________________________ too!

Small Group Quesitons

1. Describe the pathophysiology of endometriosis?

2. What are the S&S of endometriosis?

3. What are the complications of endometriosis?

4. What is the pathophysiology of PID?

5. What is the primary cause of PID?

6. What is the usual treatment option for PID?

VI. Breast Cancer

a. General S&S

i. ______________, __________________ ____________lump or mass

ii. Change in ___________________/_______________of breast

iii. ________________________

iv. Rash ___________________________ flaking

v. Location: _______________________________________ quadrant

VII. Mastectomy

a. Nursing care before surgery

i. Preoperative ____________________

ii. ____________________ teaching

iii. Allow access to ____________________ persons

iv. Offer ________________________ support

b. Nursing care after surgery

i. Routine ______________________ care

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ii. Reinforce teaching

1. Empty the ______________ and replace _____________daily

2. Return for drain ________________ in _________days per order

3. Take analgesics before ___________ becomes ________per order

4. Report excessive ______________________________

iii. ________________ & _______________ in axillary are common

iv. Arm / shoulder _______________________ per MD order

v. Drive: _________________________

vi. Return to work: ___________________________

vii. Don’t _____________________ with arm on operated side

c. Grieving

i. __________________ attentively

ii. Spend __________________________

iii. Explain feelings ____________________

iv. Enlist ______________________

d. Risk for infection

i. Assess _____________________, _____________________

ii. Enc ________________________________

iii. Teach incision ______________________________

iv. Report ______________________________________________________

v. Avoid ___________________________________________

vi. Skin ___________________________

e. Risk for injury

i. Use ___________________________ side

ii. ______________________________ arm on a pillow

iii. Enc ________________

iv. Teach to ______________________________

f. Risk for disturbed body image

i. Enc. _________________________________

ii. Explain _______________________________

iii. Include

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iv. Provide

v. Enc. To _____________________

vi. Reassure: ____________________________________

VIII. Cervical Cancer

a. Most r/t ________________________________________ (______)

b. S&S

i. Early; ______________________________________________

ii. Invasive CA

1. _____________________

2. _________________ discharge

3. _______________ (back / thighs)

4. Weight _____________________

c. Diagnostic exam: Papanicolaou (__________) _____________________

i. During procedure

1. ______________ collected from the ______________

2. Schedule test when not ___________________________

3. Avoid__________, douching or vaginal meds ____ hrs before

4. _________________ before exam

5. ________________________ positing

6. ______________________ client

ii. After procedure

1. Provide ____________________________ for cleaning

2. Provide _________________________ to protect garments

3. Allow _____________________ while client dresses

4. Prepare ________________________ & slides

5. Provide ________________________

iii. + Pap smear - _______________________, __________, ______ scan

d. Cervical Biopsy

i. Before

1. ___________________

2. __________________ bladder

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ii. After

1. _________________ area

2. Perineal _____________________

3. ________________ bleeding and vaginal ______________normal

4. No ____________________ x 1 wk

5. No___________ until ___________________cleared

6. Notify MD if __________________ bleeding, __________-

smelling discharge, _________________ or malaise

e. Tx/Rx

i. ________________________

ii. ________________________

iii. ________________________

f. Nursing Diagnosis: ____________________________________

IX. Hysterectomy

a. Removal of the _________________________________

b. Approaches: ________________________ or ______________________

c. Advantages

i. V _______________________________________________

ii. A ______________________________________________

d. Major risk factor: __________________________ and ________________

i. Enc _______________________

ii. Stop _______________________

iii. Promptly report _____________________________________________

e. Nursing care post-op

i. Report: excessive _________________________

ii. Monitory for complications:

1. ___________________________

2. ___________________________

3. ___________________________

iii. Assess ________________________________

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iv. Avoid: _____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

v. Report

1. Temp _________________

2. Vaginal _____________________________

3. Urinary _____________________________

4. Burning / __________________________

5. Severe __________________

vi. Enc to ___________________________

vii. Provide info about __________________________ replacement

viii. Reinforce importance of ______________________________________

Small Group Questions

1. What is the most common location for breast cancer to form?

2. What might a women feel on a BSE that would indicate a possibility of breast cancer?

3. What is the #1 cause of cervical cancer?

4. What screening is done for breast cancer and cervical cancer?

5. Differentiate between abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy. How might the nursing care

differ?

6. Your client had a hysterectomy 24 hours ago. What would you teach her as part of her

discharge teaching?

7. A client had a mastectomy 24 hours ago. You identify a nursing diagnosis of impaired

body image. Identify 3 nursing interventions for this client.

X. Male reproductive structures

a. Testes

i. Produce

1. _______________________________

2. _______________________________

ii. Encased in: ___________________________

b. Epididymis: Houses ___________________

c. Vas deferens

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d. Seminal fluid: ________________, ______________ gland, ____________ gland

i. Sperm + Seminal fluid = ____________________

e. Prostate Gland

i. Location: Encircles the __________________ just below the __________

ii. Function: ________________ fluid, aids in ________________________

f. Penis

i. Tip: _________________ covered by ________________________

ii. Removal of foreskin: _____________________________________

XI. Physcial Assessment of Male reproductive system

a. Inspect _________________________

b. Palpate ______________________ area and ____________________

c. Penis:_____________________________________________________

d. Scrotum: ____________________ each testes

e. Digital Rectal Exam (______________)

i. Palpate ________________________________

f. Prostate-specific antigen (_____________)

i. Levels rise

1. _________________prostate hypertrophy

2. ________________ of the prostate

XII. Orchitis

a. Inflammation of the ______________________________

b. Caused by _________________ or ______________________

i. _________________, pneumonia, TB

c. S&S

i. ______________

ii. ______________

iii. _______________

iv. Scrotal ______________________

d. Prognosis _________________ _____________________

e. Tx:

i. ______________________

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ii. __________packs

iii. Scrotal __________________________

iv. Bed ___________________

f. Rx: ________________________ , ________________________,

XIII. Prostatitis

a. Inflammation of the ________________________gland

b. Caused by

i. ___________________: Escherichia coli/ _____________

ii. __________-bacterial:Chlamydiae / Viruses

c. S&S

i. Pain, burning on ____________________: ______________Dyuria

ii. ________________________ & urgency

iii. _____________________& fever

iv. Low_____________ , perineal or ________________pain

v. Pain after _____________________________

vi. __________________________________urinary flow

d. Diagnostic exam

i. __________________, prostatic _______________________

ii. ________________

e. Tx / Rx

i. Bacterial: _________________________________

ii. Non-bacterial: ________________________________

1. Pain:_____________________________

2. Voiding problems: ________________________

iii. _________ fluid intake

iv. _____________ baths

XIV. Phimosis

a. _________________________ of the _______________________

b. Rick of:

i. _______________________ infection

ii. ________________________ of the glans

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c. Tx: ____________________________________________

XV. Cryptorchidism

a. ___________________________________ testicle

b. Increased risk of: __________________________ & ______________

c. Teach_____________________________________________________

XVI. Testicular Cancer

a. Cause: ____________________________

b. Risk Factors

i. Age: ___________________________

ii. _______________________________

iii. Family _________________

iv. Race/ ethnicity: ______________________

c. Pathophysiology: Cancer ______________________ normal cells affects

_______ testicle Spreads________________ , but only ________________

d. Stages

i. Stage 1: __________________________________

ii. Stage 2: Testicle + ______________________________

iii. Stage 3: ____________________________________

e. S&S

i. _________________ __________________ nodule

ii. Dull _________________ in ___________ or __________________

f. Tx

i. Surgery:

1. ________________________________________

2. Radical: __________________________________________

3. Prosthesis

ii. _______________________________

iii. _______________________________

XVII. Prostate Cancer

Small Group Questions

1. Follow the path of sperm from formation to ejaculation.

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2. What is orchitis and what is its cause?

3. What are the symptoms of prostatitis?

4. How is prostatitis treated?

5. What are the S&S of testicular cancer?

6. What is the treatment for phimosis?

7. What is the complication associated with Cryptorchidism?

XVIII. STDs / STIs ________________________________________________

a. Chlamydia

i. General

1. Most _____________________________

2. Leading cause of _____________________________

ii. Organism: ___________________________

iii. S&S: Female

1. _______________ maybe: _____________, ______________,

vaginal __________________, pelvic _____________

iv. S&S Male

1. Maybe Asymptomatic: ____________, __________ or

___________ urethral discharge, Testicular ___________

v. Dx: __________________________________________

vi. Complications

1. Female: ___________, _______________spontaneous _______

2. Neonates: ____________________ & pneumonia

3. Male ______________________ & Prostatitis

b. Gonorrhea: AKA: _____________ or The ___________________

i. Mode of transmission: ___________ or ____________________

ii. S&S Female: Asymptomatic: maybe ____________ discharge,

Abnormal _______________, Dysuria

iii. S&S Male ___________, Frequency ______________ urethral discharge

iv. Complications: Female

1. _____________________

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2. _____________________

3. Ectopic _____________________

4. Abdominal _______________________

v. Compilations Male

1. ____________________ & sterility

vi. Tx / Rx: ____________________________________________

c. Syphilis

i. Primary: Painless ___________________ at site of exposure

ii. Secondary: skin ______________, _________ mucus patches,

____________ malaise

iii. Tertiary: _________________, inflammation of the __________, ______

damage

iv. Tx/Rx: _______________________________________________

v. Complications

1. Disease ________________________________

2. Tertiary:

a. _____________ failure

b. ______________________

c. Skin ___________________________

d. _________________ failure

e. _________________ illness

d. Genital Herpes

i. Herpes ____________________________ type _____

ii. “Single or multiple small painful vesicles on an erythematous base on the

genitals with associated pruritus, followed by painful ulcers”

iii. Complications: Female

1. Herpes _____________________

2. __________________ cancer

iv. Complications: Neonates:

1. Affects: ____________, skin, mucous membranes and _________

v. Complications Male

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1. Herpes __________________

2. ___________________algia

3. ________________________________

4. Urethral __________________________

5. ____________ forming in lymph nodes

vi. Tx/Rx: No _________________________________________________

e. HIV/AIDS

i. Mode of transmission

1. ____________________ contact

2. Direct _________________ of contaminated blood

3. ________________ to ___________________

ii. Causes destruction of __________________________________

iii. Kaposi’s sarcoma

1. ____________ on blood _________________

2. Reddish-______________ lesions on the ___________and

______________________membrane

3. ____________________ painful

iv. Wasting Syndrome

1. Unplanned __________________ loss ________________

2. Chronic ____________________________

3. ___________________________________

v. Tx/Rx

1. _______________________________ medications

2. H______________ A ________ Antiretroviral T___________

Small Group Questions

1. What is wasting syndrome in AIDS patients

2. What is the most common form of cancer associated with HIV? What are its symptoms?

3. What are the S&S of Chlamydia, Gonarrhea, Syphilis, and genital herpes? How are they

each cured?

4. What can one do to prevent from getting an STI?

5. What is Herpes keratitis and which STI can cause it?

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