history presentation year 1 sem 1 group work

8/9/2019 History Presentation Year 1 Sem 1 Group Work

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History Presentation

Group member:

Fam Jun Xiang 0900529Tan Yu Ling 0900682

Jess @ Ang Tzekie 0900654

Olivia @ Voon Siaw Yian 0900653


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Introduction of

TaoismTao--means pathor way

Taoism wayto follow this path


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Taoism

Religious FolkPhilosophical

Pertains to the

Celestial masters

movement during the

reign of Han Dynasty.

Chinese folk

religionBased on the texts

Tao Te Ching


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Principles of Taoism

Tao

De (te), Wu wei

Pu.


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Tao In English--means road,

pathway, channel or

doctrine. There are different

opinions given by variousexperts.

indefinable.

It is also thought to be thesource of existence andnon-existence.


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De (Te) Active expression of Tao.

Related to a complicatedconcept of 'De'- power,virtue and integrity.

Is the nurturing of the'Tao'- or the path.

Is inculcating the habit orimbibing the 'Tao'.


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WuWei literally means without action.

It is the central concept in

Taoism. not consider man's will to be

the basic problem.

Emphasizes that a humanbeing's will must be in

harmony with the universe.


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Pu Pu relates to simplicity and is

symbolic of the state of Wu Wei.

It epitomizes the state of pureperception sans prejudice.

It is supposed to be an inactivestage of receptiveness.


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Ethics:

Three Jewels of the Tao

are basic virtues in Taoism

Compassion

Moderation

Humility


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Where do Taoistsgo when they die?


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When you die,

still live, in the memories ofothers.

your essence reincarnates into anew form.

bounce back into your own life

and have the opportunity toexperience another variation ofyour life.

rejoin the universe and are onewith God if you believe in God.

discover so many truths exist


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Pantheon

Tai-shang Lao-chung - is adeified image of Lao Tzu

The Jade Emperor- is one ofthe most important gods ofthe Chinese traditionalreligion pantheon

Guan Yu- the god of honorand piety

Zhuang Zi- is one of the twomost famous primordial texts

of what can be called"philosophical Daoism


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Scripture:

Tao Te Ching

is widely considered to be the mostinfluential Taoists text

The opening lines, with literal andcommon translation, are:

-[Tao(way of path) can be said, notusual way]

The way that can be described isnot the true Way.

-[names can be named, not usualnames]

The Name that can be named isnot the constant name.


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Daozang

sometimes referred to as the Taoistcanon.Following the example of theBuddhist Tripitaka :

it is divided into three dong (caves,grottoes). They are arranged fromhighest to lowest. The Zhen(,texts included real or truth)grotto. Includes the Shangqing texts.

The Xuan (mystery) grotto.Includes the Lingbao scriptures.

The Shen (divine) grotto. Includestexts predating the Moashanrevelations.


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Lazio's Teaching

covers4

concepts


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Dao creates one (Dao Sheng Yi)Dao is a natural action, not following any linguistic direction

Dao itself is active

Dao creates a condition that is harmonious and natural

One creates two ( Yi Sheng Er)Harmonious condition gives rise to yin and yang

(2 antagonistic energies)

Interaction between yin and yang produces energy Qi which builds everything

Two creates three ( Er Sheng san)From yin and yang interaction, 3 big matters, (tian) heaven,(di) earth,

and (ren) human being are produced.

Three creates all creatures (San sheng wan wu)Consider all things and creature in the world.

Taoism give important of yin and yang.

Many people believe that their religious practices of Chinese today originatesfrom Taoism.


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TaoistSymbols and Images

There are many symbols andimages

looks like the cross inChristianity, and the wheel inBuddhism

Also known as the Bagua

(Eight Trigrams)

these symbols represent the

yin and yang.

Yin and yang make a backwardsS shape.

Yin, black or red on bottom,called later heavens; yang, whiteon top. Called early heaven.


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Represented-tiger and dragon

- balance opposites in theuniverse.

- recorded sun throughouta full year.

- Feminine and masculine.

- its formed earth andheavens.

- Soft and passive; hard andenergetic.

Since there is nothing purely black orpurely white, there is a small blackspot in the white side and a whitespot in the black side.


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Introduction ofConfuciasm

MasterKung Kung Fu Tzu

Themes 6themes


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Confucianism

is an Chinese ethical andphilosophical system.

Is developed from theteaching of

Confucius(Master Kung). Religion in EastAsian

country.

Country that stronglyinfluenced by Confucianism

China, Korea. Taiwan,Singapore, Vietnam, andminority at Japan.


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Kung Fu Tzu

born in 551 BCE, state of Lu.

Lived during Chou Dynasty.

Accumulated group of students.

Travel many state in china, to giveadvise of the rules.

Last years of he life, he spent back in

Lu. He deal primarily with individual

morality, ethics.

Is a protector of Chinese civilization.

He preserved elements of ancientChinese culture.

Creator of Chinese civilization. In china, and some others area ofAsia,

social ethics and moral teachings ofConfucius are mixed with Taoistcommunication.

There are approximately 6 millionConfucians in the world.


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Themes in Confucian thought

Rites

Relationships

Filial piety Loyalty

Humanity

The Gentlemen


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Rites is term ritual

Rituals were treated as acomprehensive system ofnorms.

Confucius himself tried to

revive the etiquette ofearlier dynasty.

After his death, peopleregarded him as a greatauthority on ritual

behaviours. Rituals are routines that

people often undergoknowingly in their life.


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Relationships

Individuals are held to

different degrees ofrelationship with different

people.

Such as junior in relation totheir parents and elders, and

as a senior in relation totheir younger siblings,students and others.

Juniors are reverence andservice to their seniors;

seniors also have duties ofbenevolence and concernthe juniors.


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Filial piety

Filial piety, Chinese as xiao. Is the greatest of virtues and must be

shown towards both the living and thedead (ancestors).

The term filial, meaning of a child.

This relationship was extended by analogy

to a series of five relationships:1. Sovereign to subject

2. Parent to child.

3 Husband to wife.

4. Elder to younger sibling.

5. Friend to friend

(The member of this relationship are equalto one another).

The main source of our knowledge of theimportance of filial piety is The Book ofFilial Piety.


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Loyalty

Loyalty, Chinese as zhong.

Relevant for the social class. he stated that students belonged

because the only way for anambitious young scholar to make hisway in the Confucian Chinese worldwas to enter a rulers civil service.

also an extension of ones duties tofriends, family and spouse. Loyaltyto ones leader came first, then toones family, then to ones spouseand lastly to ones friends.

Loyalty was considered one of thegreater human virtues.


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Humanity

Confucius was concernedwith people's individualdevelopment

Confucius' concept of

humaneness is probably bestexpressed in the Confucianversion of the (Ethic ofreciprocity) Golden Rule:"What you do not wish for

yourself, do not do toothers;".


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The gentleman

The term "Jnz" (Chinese:; literally "nobleman")is crucial to classicalConfucianism.

The ideal of a "gentleman"or "perfect man" is that forwhich Confucianism exhortsall people to strive.

A succinct description ofthe "perfect man" is one

who "combines the qualitiesof saint, scholar, andgentleman"


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CONFUSIANISM SCRIPTURES

Confucian Analects Lun Y.TheAnalects were a collection of

sayings written down by Confucius'students in the period approximatelyseventy years after his death.

Mencius

The second book in the Confucian

canon, the Meng-tzu, is named after itsauthor, also known as Meng K'o orMencius 371-289 B.C..

The Great Learning Ta Hseh.

The actual translation of the title of thiswork is 'Education forAdults'. The textwas written between 500 and 200 B.C.

The Doctrine Of TheMean ChungYung. This work, which is moremystical than the other Confucianclassics, is of unknown date.


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SCHOOL OF CONFUCIANISM

There are six schools:

-Han Confucianism

-Neo Confucianism

-Contemporary Neo

Confucianism

-Korean Confucianism

-Japanese Confucianism

-Singapore Confucianism


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TEACHING

Confucius taught that when societiesoperate under laws, people arepunished by authorities after havingcommitted illegal activities. Peoplegenerally conform to the laws,

often without necessarilyunderstanding the rationale behind

them. He promoted a different way: to

internalize behaviors so that actionsare controlled beforehand.

People then behave properly becausethey wish to avoid feeling shame andwant to avoid losing face.

In theory, the result is a reduction inthe number of coercive laws requiredfor smooth functioning of the society.


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PRACTICES

Confucianism does notcontain all of theelements of some other

religions, likeChristianity and Islam.It is primarily an ethicalsystem to which ritualsat important times

during one's lifetimehave been added.

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