HistoryIsrael and Christianity

Israelites Loose collection of nomadic groups Engaged in herding Later became sedentary

Lived in permanent settlements due to… farming

Stories of Israelites

Hebrew Bible Old Testament of

Christians Collection of interpretations

of past events Not written down until tenth

(900 BCE) century BCE Written in Phoenician

language Text today comes from 4th

Century BCE (300 BCE) Written in language

closely related to Phoenician known as…. Hebrew

Christianity Was founded in the early 1st century AD, with

the teaching, miracles, crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth.

Religious book is the bible. Today it is the largest religion in the world,

with around 2 billion followers. Especially dominant in the western world.

Christianity has a wide variety of forms, beliefs and practices but all center around faith in Jesus Christ.

Beliefs The beginnings of the

Israelites began with the family of …. Abraham in the

Mesopotamian city of Ur Traveled w/ family to land

of Israel

Beliefs Land was promised to as part

of pact with Israelite god known as…. Yahweh

Abraham’s son Isaac and grandson Jacob became leader of Israelites

Exodus of Israelites from Egypt

Enslaved by Egyptians Led out of captivity by Moses

Wondered in the desert for 40 years Yahweh made covenant with Israelites If they worship him, they will be “Chosen people”

This was confirmed in the…. 10 Commandments

Settling of Israelites Successor of Moses--Joshua settled in the land of Canaan in

13th Century BCE 12 Tribes of Israel

Claimed to be the decedents from the sons of Jacob or Joseph

Monarchy of Israel

Established monarchy due to conflict with the Philistines Saul became first king of

Israel in 1020 BCE David became second

king c. 1000 BCE Established Israeli

capital of Jerusalem Solomon ruled from c.

960-920 BCE Israel became wealthier

due to trade First Temple of

Jerusalem built

Split of Israel Split into two in 920 BCE

Israel in north Judah in South

Why? Death of Solomon Citizens resented demands of monarchy

Conquering of the Israelites Assyrians destroyed Israel in 721 BCE Chaldean Babylonians under leadership of …

Nebuchadnezzar captured Judah’s capital in 587 BCE Enslaved many of Judah’s citizens

Diaspora

Greek word meaning scattering Due to conquering of Assyrians and Babylonian captivity Caused many Jews to leave homeland and not return since

independent Israel no longer existed

Then what?! “Israel” was lead by many rulers and

countries ending with the Muslims and the British

UNTIL WWII Anti-Semitism Jews flee to Palestine British notice conflicts between Jewish

population and Palestinians

Independence Israel created where it had historically been May 14, 1948 Declared an independent state 1948 Arab-Israeli war While the establishment of the state of Israel

was seen by Christian Zionists as a sign that God was fulfilling his promises to Abraham and Jacob, the early political leaders of Israel were primarily secular.

Still conflicts in the area: Gaza strip and the West Bank

Troubles!

Review Origins of the Israelites Father of the Israelites Introduced “covenant” with God to

Israelites Established Jerusalem as capital of Israeli

people Built Temple of Jerusalem Two groups that destroyed Israel and Judah Diaspora