HISTORICAL ROOTS

How we got here

I. ideas from the ancient world

• first written laws - Hammurabi's Code 1750 B.C.

• same time Ten Commandments based on God

• Justinian Code 476 A.D.

• Greeks direct democracy 477BC

• Romans republic 200BC

ideas from Europe

• juries and sheriffs 1154(ordered g’t)

• 1215 Magna Carta King John limited gov’t)

• 1400 representative government

• 1500 Protestant Reformation

• 1611 James I

• 1628 Petition of Rights

• 1689 English Bill of Rights

PHILOSOPHERS

• HOBBES 1651 BRITISH FIRST SOCIAL CONTRACT

• LOCKE 1689 BRITISH CAN CHANGE CONTRACT

• MONTESQUIEU FRENCH

• SEPARATION OF POWERS

• ROUSSEAU SWISS CONSTANT REVOLUTION

ideas from the 13 colonies

• 1620 Mayflower Compact

• 1600’s Virginia House of Burgesses

• 1639 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

• Public Education 1647

13 colonies continued

• FREEDOM OF THE PRESS 1735

• FREEDOM OF RELIGION

ROAD TO REVOLUTION

• PROCLAMATION OF 1763

• STAMP ACT CONGRESS 1765

• BOSTON MASSACRE 1770

REVOLUTION

• COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE

• BOSTON TEA PARTY

REVOLUTION

• 1ST CONTINETIAL CONGRESS SEPT. 1774

• PAUL REVERE’S RIDER APRIL 1775

• LEXINGTON/CONCORD

REVOLUTION CONTINUED

• SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS MAY 1775

• DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE JULY 4, 1776

• John Hancock

• Thomas Jefferson

• Ben Franklin

• John Adams

ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

• SIGNED 1778

• RATIFIED 1781

• UNICAMERAL LEGISLATURE

• NATIONAL CONGRESS

NEW GOVERNMENT

• NO EXECUTIVE

• NO JUDICIARY

• 9 OF 13

• 13 OF 13

• UNICMAERAL

EACH STATE ONE VOTE

• NO POWER TO COLLECT TAXES

• NO POWER TO REGULATE TRADE

NEW GOVERNMENT

• ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION 1781 - 1787

• NORTHWEST ORDINANCE• MOUNT VERNON (2)• ANNAPOLIS (5)• CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION MAY

1787

GEORGE WASHINGTON

• JAMES MADISON

• ROGER SHERMAN

CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION

• VIRGINIA PLAN• NEW JERSEY PLAN• CONNECTICUT COMPROMISE• THREE-FIFTHS COMPROMISE• TRADE COMPROMISE C-

FOREIGN&INTERSTATE s-INTRASTATE

• SEPTEMBER 17, 1787

CONSTITUTIONAL DEBATE

• FEDERALIST PAPERS JOHN JAY, JAMES MADISON, ALEXANDER HAMILTON

• DECEMBER 15, 1791

• Actual representation

• Virtual representation

• Legislative sovereignty

• Popular sovereignty

• Interstate

• intrastate

TEXAS

• March 2, 1836

• 1876

• FORCE

• EVOLUTIONARY

• DIVINE RIGHT

• SOCIAL CONTRACT

THEORIES OF GOVERNMENT