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HISTORICAL ROOTS
How we got here
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I. ideas from the ancient world
• first written laws - Hammurabi's Code 1750 B.C.
• same time Ten Commandments based on God
• Justinian Code 476 A.D.
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• Greeks direct democracy 477BC
• Romans republic 200BC
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ideas from Europe
• juries and sheriffs 1154(ordered g’t)
• 1215 Magna Carta King John limited gov’t)
• 1400 representative government
• 1500 Protestant Reformation
• 1611 James I
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• 1628 Petition of Rights
• 1689 English Bill of Rights
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PHILOSOPHERS
• HOBBES 1651 BRITISH FIRST SOCIAL CONTRACT
• LOCKE 1689 BRITISH CAN CHANGE CONTRACT
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• MONTESQUIEU FRENCH
• SEPARATION OF POWERS
• ROUSSEAU SWISS CONSTANT REVOLUTION
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ideas from the 13 colonies
• 1620 Mayflower Compact
• 1600’s Virginia House of Burgesses
• 1639 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
• Public Education 1647
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13 colonies continued
• FREEDOM OF THE PRESS 1735
• FREEDOM OF RELIGION
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ROAD TO REVOLUTION
• PROCLAMATION OF 1763
• STAMP ACT CONGRESS 1765
• BOSTON MASSACRE 1770
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REVOLUTION
• COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE
• BOSTON TEA PARTY
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REVOLUTION
• 1ST CONTINETIAL CONGRESS SEPT. 1774
• PAUL REVERE’S RIDER APRIL 1775
• LEXINGTON/CONCORD
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REVOLUTION CONTINUED
• SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS MAY 1775
• DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE JULY 4, 1776
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• John Hancock
• Thomas Jefferson
• Ben Franklin
• John Adams
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ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
• SIGNED 1778
• RATIFIED 1781
• UNICAMERAL LEGISLATURE
• NATIONAL CONGRESS
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NEW GOVERNMENT
• NO EXECUTIVE
• NO JUDICIARY
• 9 OF 13
• 13 OF 13
• UNICMAERAL
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EACH STATE ONE VOTE
• NO POWER TO COLLECT TAXES
• NO POWER TO REGULATE TRADE
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NEW GOVERNMENT
• ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION 1781 - 1787
• NORTHWEST ORDINANCE• MOUNT VERNON (2)• ANNAPOLIS (5)• CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION MAY
1787
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GEORGE WASHINGTON
• JAMES MADISON
• ROGER SHERMAN
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CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
• VIRGINIA PLAN• NEW JERSEY PLAN• CONNECTICUT COMPROMISE• THREE-FIFTHS COMPROMISE• TRADE COMPROMISE C-
FOREIGN&INTERSTATE s-INTRASTATE
• SEPTEMBER 17, 1787
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CONSTITUTIONAL DEBATE
• FEDERALIST PAPERS JOHN JAY, JAMES MADISON, ALEXANDER HAMILTON
• DECEMBER 15, 1791
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• Actual representation
• Virtual representation
• Legislative sovereignty
• Popular sovereignty
• Interstate
• intrastate
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TEXAS
• March 2, 1836
• 1876
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• FORCE
• EVOLUTIONARY
• DIVINE RIGHT
• SOCIAL CONTRACT
THEORIES OF GOVERNMENT