histologia osteocartilaginosa

7/23/2019 HISTOLOGIA OSTEOCARTILAGINOSA

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CARTÍLAGO Y HUESO

Dr Gorky Jave Poquioma



Dr. Gorky Jave Poquioma

Inro!u""i#n

E$ "ar%$a&o y e$ 'ue(o (on e)i!o("on)univo( e(*e"ia$i+a!o(.

E$ "ar%$a&o *o(ee una mari+ ,rme-ei/$e que re(i(e 0uer+a( me"1ni"a( .

Sin em/ar&o $a mari+ #(ea e( uno !e$o( e)i!o( m1( !uro( !e$ "uer*o yam/i2n re(i(e $a 0uer+a que (e

a*$i"an en e$$a.



Car%$a&o Cara"er%(i"a(

E$ "ar%$a&o e(1 "on(iui!o "omo o!o e$e)i!o "one"ivo *or "2$u$a( y (u(an"iainer"e$u$ar.

Care"e !e va(o( (an&u%neo( y !e nervio( Su( "2$u$a( (e nuren *or !i0u(i#n !e$

*eri"on!rio Po(ee e$a(i"i!a! Su( "2$u$a( ma!ura( (e !enominan

"on!ro"io( 3orma $a mayor *are !e$ e(que$eo en e$ 0eo

E$ "o$1&eno que *re!omina e( e$ i*o II



Car%$a&o Hia$ino

r1quea



C2$u$a( !e$ "ar%$a&o

E$ "ar%$a&o *o(ee "2$u$a( $$ama!a("on!ro"io(4 e(o( o"u*an "avi!a!e(!enomina!a( $a&una( o "on!ro*$a(o(.

Lo( "on!ro"io( !erivan !e $o("on!ro/$a(o( que *ro!u"en o!a $a mari+era"e$u$ar !e e(e e)i!o.

Lo( "on!ro"io( (on "a*a"e( !e !ivi!ir(e y

0ormar un ra"imo !e !o( o "uaro "2$u$a(en una $a&una a e(e &ru*o !e "2$u$a( (e$e !enomina grupo isógeno4 e(o( (e

!ivi!en en coronales y axiales



56Con!ro/$a(o

76Con!ro"io

86Gru*o i(#&eno

96 :ari+era"e$u$ar



:ari+ era"e$u$ar

La sustancia amorfa; E(a "om*ue(a*or *roeo&$u"ano( y&$u"o(amina&$u"ano( *rin"i*a$meneCon!roi%n (u$0ao4 <uera1n (u$0ao y A"

Hia$ur#ni"o. Las bras principales son; Co$1&eno

i*o II =e"e*o en e$ "ar%$a&o ,/ro(o que

e( "ar%$a&o i*o I>4 ,/ra( e$1(i"a(4am/i2n (e en"uenran ,/ra( !e "o$1&enoi*o I?4 ?4 ?I

E$ "ar%$a&o (e *ue!e !ivi!ir en 8 (e&@n $a(,/ra( ue en"onremo( en $a mari+



Peri"on!rio =mem/rana !e$ "ar%$a&o

E$ *eri"on!rio e( una 'o)a !ere"u/rimieno !e e)i!o "on)univo !en(ore&u$ar que ro!ea $a mayor *are !e$"ar%$a&o= *o(ee "omo e"e*"i#n e$,/ro"ar%$a&o y e$ "ar%$a&o 'ia$ino en $a((u*er,"ie( ari"u$are(>

Po(ee una "a*a eerna !e e)i!o ,/ro(o y

una "a*a inerna !e "2$u$a( que (e"rean$a mari+ !e "ar%$a&o =condroblastos>

E$ *eri"on!rio si e( va("u$ari+a!o



Ti*o( !e Car%$a&o

Cartílago Hialino: Coniene "o$1&enoi*o II en (u mari+4 e( e$ "ar%$a&o m1(a/un!ane !e$ or&ani(mo y *o(ee mu"'a(0un"ione(.

Cartílago Elástico; In"$uye "o$1&eno i*oII y ,/ra( e$1(i"a( en a/un!an"ia!i(emina!a( en $a oa$i!a! !e (u mari+

que $e "on,ere m1( -ei/i$i!a!. Cartílago Fibroso; *o(ee ,/ra( !e

"o$1&eno i*o I4 &rue(a( y !en(a( en (u

mari+ que $e *ermien (o*orar 0uer+a( !e



Car%$a&o Hia$ino E$ "ar%$a&o 'ia$ino e( e$ m1( a/un!ane

!e$ "uer*o 0orma $a /a(e *ara 0orma"i#nen!o"on!ra$ !e 'ue(o.

Po(ee una mari+ era"e$u$ar -ei/$e4

(emiran(*arene4 !e "o$or &ri( a+u$a!o4ri"a en "o$1&eno i*o II 3orma $a mayor *are !e$ e(que$eo

em/rionario4 y "on0orma $a( *$a"a(

e*i,(iaria( !e $o( 'ue(o( en "re"imieno. Lo en"onramo( 0orman!o; $o( "ar%$a&o(

"o(a$e(4 r1quea4 /ronquio(4 en $a $arin&e4

nari+4 y en $a( (u*er,"ie( ari"u$are(.



Tr1quea Car%$a&o Hia$ino



Car%$a&o E$1(i"o

E$ "ar%$a&o e$1(i"o (e a(eme)a mu"'o a$"ar%$a&o 'ia$ino "on $a e"e*"i#n !e que (umari+ y e$ *eri"on!rio *o(een ,/ra(e$1(i"a(

De/i!o a $a *re(en"ia !e ,/ra( e$1(i"a(4 e$"ar%$a&o e$1(i"o e( un *o"o amari$$o y m1(o*a"o que e$ "ar%$a&o 'ia$ino4 (in em/ar&o

(on muy *are"i!o( en "a(i o!o( $o(a(*e"o( Lo en"onramo( 0orman!o e$ *a/e$$#n !e $a

ore)a4 rom*a !e Eu(aquio4 e*i&$oi(4Larin e "orni"u$a!o4 arienoi!e(4



EPIGLOTIS



3i/ro"ar%$a&o =C. 3i/ro(o>

A !i0eren"ia !e$ "ar%$a&o 'ia$ino y e$1(i"o4e$ ,/ro"ar%$a&o no *o(ee *eri"on!rio y (umari+ in"$uye "o$1&eno i*o I.

Lo( "on!ro"io( !e ,/ro"ar%$a&o (ue$en

(ur&ir !e ,/ro/$a(o( que "omien+an ae$a/orar *roeo&$u"ano(.

Lo en"onramo( en ; !i("o(

inervere/ra$e(4 (%n,(i( *@/i"a4 !i("o(ari"u$are(4 meni("o( in(er"ione( !e"iero( en!one( y $i&ameno(.



Di("o inervere/ra$



3orma"i#n !e "ar%$a&o

Hay 7 i*o( !e "re"imieno !e "ar%$a&o5. La( "2$u$a( me(enquimao(a( (e

"on&re&an en ma(a( !en(a( $$ama!a(

centros de condrifcación4 aqu% $a( "2$u$a((e ran(0orman en "on!ro/$a(o( que"omien+an a (e"rear mari+ era"e$u$ar4$o( "on!ro/$a(o( que que!an enre $amari+ (e !i0eren"ian a "on!ro"io( que0orman &ru*o( i(#&eno( a e(e"re"imieno (e $e !enomina crecimiento

intersticial



7. E$ *eri"on!rio *o(ee una $1mina inerna"on(iui!a *or "2$u$a( "on!r#&ena( que (e

ran(0orman en "on!ro/$a(o( que(e"rean i&ua$mene mari+ era"e$u$ar.De e(a manera4 e$ "ar%$a&o am/i2n "re"e*or a!i"i#n en (u *eri0eria un *ro"e(o

$$ama!o crecimiento aposicional La mari+ "ari$a&ino(a que ro!ea a "a!a

&ru*o i(#&eno (e !enomina mari+

"a*(u$ar o errioria$. Y a $a mari+ que (een"uenra ene $o( &ru*o( i(#&eno( (e!enomina mari+ inererrioria$ oiner"a*(u$ar.



TEJIDO OSEO

%



El hueso es un tejido conectio

especiali!ado" cu#a matri! extracelular estácalcicada e inclu#e las c$lulas %ue losecretan&

E$ e)i!o #(eo e( $a m1ima e(*e"ia$i+a"i#n !e $o(

e)i!o( !e (o(2n. De(!e e$ *uno !e vi(a e"no$#&i"o e( @ni"o en

"uano a me+"$ar &ran !ure+a y 0ora$e+a "on e$m%nimo *e(o *o(i/$e.

A *e(ar !e (u !ure+a y re(i(en"ia *o(ee "ierae$a(i"i!a!. E( un e)i!o !in1mi"o que "am/ia !e 0orma

"on(anemene en re$a"i#n "on $a( 0uer+a( que

(o*ora.

Cara"er%(i"a(



3un"ione(

'rgano de sost$n; E$ e(que$eo e( e$re(*on(a/$e !e (o(ener e$ "uer*o Locomoción: ya que a"@a "omo (iio !e

in(er"i#n !e $o( m@("u$o( (rotección: rin!a *roe""i#n a $o(

#r&ano( via$e( "omo e$ "ora+#n $o(*u$mone( e$ "ere/ro4 $a m2!u$a e(*ina$4

*roe&e a$ "uer*o "onra $a 0uer+a !e $a&rave!a!. )eserorio: A$ma"ena vario( minera$e(4

*or e)em*$o a$ma"ena e$ BB !e "a$"io !e$"uer o.



Com*onene( !e$ e)i!o #(eo

E$ e)i!o #(eo "omo o!o e)i!o e(1"on(iui!o *or "2$u$a( y mari+era"e$u$ar.

La mari+ era"e$u$ar en e$ e)i!o #(eo*o(ee un "om*onene or&1ni"o =,/ra(*rin"i*a$mene "o$1&eno I> y un"om*onene inor&1ni"o =minera$e( "omo

e$ "a$"io y e$ 0#(0oro> La( "2$u$a( (on; o(eo*ro&eniora(4

o(eo/$a(o(4 o(eo"$a(o( y o(eo"io(.

Perio(io; "a*a (u*er,"ia$ que "u/re e$



O(eo"io(

Con!u"o !eHaver(

o(eona

:ari+ #(ea

=era"e$u$ar>



:ari+ era"e$u$ar

EL *rin"i*a$ "om*onene or&1ni"o !e$e)i!o #(eo e( e$ "o$1&eno i*o I4 (inem/ar&o am/i2n en"onramo( a$&una(*roe%na( !e a!'e(i#n "omo4

o(eo"a$"ina4 o(eo*onina. E$ "om*onene inor&1ni"o e( e$ que $e

"on,ere !ure+a y re(i(en"ia a$ e)i!o4

e(1 "om*ue(o *rin"i*a$mene *or "a$"ioy 0#(0oro que (e !e*o(ian "omo "ri(a$e(!e 'i!roia*aia.

2$ $



C2$u$a( C. o(eo*ro&eniora(; (e en"uenran en $a

"a*a inerna !e$ *erio(io4 !an ori&en a $o(o(eo/$a(o(.

O(eo/$a(o(; (on $a( "2$u$a( en"ar&a!a(

!e 0ormar e$ 'ue(o4 e( !e"ir $a mari+era"e$u$ar. O(eo"io(; (on $a( "2$u$a( que (e

en"uenran enre $a mari+ #(ea. O(eo"$a(o(; Son $a( en"ar&a!a( !e $are(or"i#n !e$ 'ue(o4 (on $a( que !e(ruyene$ 'ue(o.



Lo( o(eo/$a(o( (e en"uenran en e(*a"io(!enomina!o( $a&una( u o(eo*$a(o(. Lamari+ era"e$u$ar que ro!ea $o( o(eo"io(

no e(1 "a$"i,"a!a y (e $e !enominao(eoi!e

De/i!o a que e$ re(o !e $a mari+ (i e(1

"a$"i,"a!a $o( o(eo"io( *o(een una*ro$on&a"ione( que *a(an *or uno(*equeo( e(*a"io( !enomina!o("ana$%"u$o(4 y (e "omuni"an una( "on ora(.

=*or e(e me!io (e *ue!en *a(ar nuriene(> Lo( osteoclastos (e en"uenran en

"avi!a!e( *o"o *ro0un!a( en $a (u*er,"ie!e$ 'ue(o $$ama!a( lagunas de Ho*ship&



Or&ani+a"i#n ma"ro("#*i"a !e$ e)i!o #(eo

:a"ro("#*i"amene e$ e)i!o #(eo (eor&ani+a en e$ 'ue(o !e 7 0orma(!i0erene(

+& Hueso esponjoso ,hueso trabecular-:E(1n 0orma!o( *or ,no( $i(one(=ra/2"u$a(> que (e enre"ru+an en o!a(!ire""ione(4 0orman!o una re! e(*on)o(a4

"uyo( e(*a"io( o 'ue"o( e(1n o"u*a!o(*or m2!u$a #(ea

.& Hueso compacto o cortical: 0orma a

(im*$e vi(a una ma(a "om*a"a (in



Hue(o "om*a"o ="ori"a$>



Hue(o "om*a"o ="ori"a$>En e$ 'ue(o "om*a"o ei(en "uaro (i(ema(; Láminas circunferenciales externas; E(1n )u(o

a/a)o !e$ *erio(io4 "onienen ,/ra( !e S'ar*ey que,)an e$ *erio(io a$ 'ue(o.

Láminas circunferenciales internas: An1$o&a( a$a( eerna( *ero no an een(a( "ir"un!an *or

"om*$eo $a "avi!a! me!u$ar. /steonas ,sistemas de canales haersianos-: (e0orman *or "i$in!ro( !e $1mina(4 !i(*ue(o( !e manera"on"2nri"a a$re!e!or un e(*a"io neurova("u$ar"ono"i!o "omo "ana$ 'aver(iano. Lo( "ana$e(

'aver(iano( (e "omuni"an enre (i y "on e$ *erio(io arav2( !e "ana$e( ran(ver(a$e( !enomina!o(conductos de 0ol1man

Laminas intersticiales: re(o( !e o(eona(

!e&ra!a!a(



Hue(o E(*on)o(o =ra/e"u$ar> EL e)i!o #(eo ra/e"u$ar am/i2n e(1

"om*ue(o *or $1mina( *ero no 0orman(i(ema( !e 'aver(. EL e$emeno /1(i"oe(ru"ura$ !e e(e e)i!o e( $a o(eonara/e"u$ar4 que iene 0orma !e un !i("o*$ano4 0orma!a *or !e(!e una $1mina 'a(a*or 7.

La( $1mina( &rue(a( (e !i(*onen en !ire""i#n!e $a "ar&a que (o*ore e$ 'ue(o



3orma"i#n !e 'ue(o /sicación intramembranosa; E( $a

0orma"i#n !e $o( 'ue(o( que "omien+a!ire"amene !e$ e)i!o "one"ivo *rimiivo!e$ 0eo =me(2nquima> e).; Hue(o( *$ano( !e$"r1neo4 mayor *are !e $a "$av%"u$a4 *are !e$a man!%/u$a.

/sicación endocondral; iene $u&ar (o/re

un mo$!e *re0orma!o !e "ar%$a&o 'ia$ino4 e). To!o( $o( !em1( 'ue(o( !e$ or&ani(mo La 0orma"i#n !e 'ue(o (e *ro!u"e !e$ mi(mo

mo!o en am/o(



:UCHAS GRACIASF.

histologia osteocartilaginosa

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