himanshu bsnl new final

7/27/2019 Himanshu Bsnl New Final

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BSNL

GSM & 3G

AnINDUSTRIAL TRAINING PRESENTATION

ON

B.tech 4th year

Electronics & Communication

Roll No. 1102731906

Himanshu Garg


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BSNL INTRODUCTION

BSNL is India's oldest and largest Communication Service Provider (CSP).Currently BSNL has a customer base of 64.8 million (Basic &

Mobile telephony). It has footprints throughout India.

The foundation of Telecom Network in India was laid by the British in 19th

century.

The Government of India corporatized the operations wing of DoT onOctober 01 , 2000 and named it as Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL).

BSNL commanded a customer base of 33.7 million Wireline, 3.6 million

CDMA-WLL and 27.5 million GSM Mobile subscribers. BSNL's

earnings for the Financial Year ending March 31 , 2010 stood at INR

401.8b (US$ 9.09 b) with net profit of INR 89.4b (US$ 2.02 billion).


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BSNL


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BSNL Communication - Mobile

TelephoneExchange

Subscriber

Line(2W)

Inter-Exchange

Junction

Mobile SwitchingCentre (MSC)

BSC BTSMS


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CELLULAR MOBILE CONCEPTS

WHAT IS A CELL ?

A base station (transmitter) having a number of

RF channels is called a cell

Each cell covers a a limited number of mobile

subscribers within the cell boundaries

( Coverage area)

Typical Cell Radius Aprrox = 30 Km(Start up), 1 KM (Mature)


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VoiceChannels

Orcontrol

channels

Lines to

BSC

MS

A RADIO CELL


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BSNL Fundamental problems

Radio range, or coverage

No. of channels, or voice circuits

Full, seamless service coverage

Large no. of subscribers in the range

of millions


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BSNL

FERQUENCY SCARCITY PROBLEM

Tel

Ex.

WIRED NETWORK

100,000 50 Khz = 5 Ghz (NOT POSSIBLE)

Hence Individual RF Loop is not extended

But a Common group of channels is shared

CELLULAR MOBILE CONCEPTS

BW for Telephony speech:

3KHz increases to 25 KHz with FM for Radio Trans.


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GSM FDMA

(Frequency Division Multiple Access

25 MHz 25 MHz

Mobile to Base

0 1 2

890.2 890.4 890.6(MHz)

Base to Mobile

0 1 2

935.2 935.4 935.6

200 kHz45MHz

Channel layout and frequency bands of operation

890 935 960915

200 kHz


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GSM TDMA

(Time Division Multiple Access)

87

65

43

21

87

65

43

21

45 MHz

Frequency

F2F1

(Cell transmit)

F2F1(Cell Rx)

Amplitude

Typical TDMA/ FDMA frame structure


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BSNL FDMA/TDMA Scheme

BP1

BP2

BP3

BP4

BP5

BP6

BP7

BP8

BP1

BP2

TIME

890.0890.2

890.4890.6

890.8891.0

891.2 915.8

FREQ

MHz

BURSTF

R

A

M

E


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BSNL Network Architecture

B

TS

MSC VLR

HLR

PSTNISDN

Data

Networks

Air interface

OSS

B

T

S

B

T

S

MSC VLR

BSCBSC

1 MSC=16 BSC

1 BSC=1024 TRU

A Interface

A-bis interface


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13

GSM Network Structure

GSM Service Area:Total area served by thecombination of all member countries where a mobile canbe served.

PLMN Service Area: It is one N/W area.

MSC Service Area:There can many MSC/VLR in onePLMN area.It is one Mobile Exch. Area.

GMSC:All I/C calls for PLMN N/W will be routedthrough GMSC. In a GSM/PLMN N/W all mobileterminated calls will be routed to a Gateway MSC. Callconnections between PLMNs , or to fixed N/Ws must berouted to a GMSC.The GMSC contains the Inter workingfunctions to make these connections.

Location Area

Cells


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LOCATION AREA : There are several LA in a MSC/VLRcombination. A LA is a part of the MSC/VLR service area in

which a MS may move freely without updating location

information to the MSC/VLR exchange that control the LA.

Within a LA a paging message is broadcast in order to findthe called mobile subs. LA can be identified by system using

the LAI.

CELL : A cell is an identity served by one BTS. The MS

distinguishes between cells using the BASE STATIONIDENTIFICATION CODE(BSIC) that the cell site broadcast

over the air.

GSM Network Structure


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MSC/VLR

MSC/VLR

MSC/VLR

MSC/VLR

II

I

IIIIV

GSM

PLMN Service Area


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BSNL

MSC/VLR

LA 1 LA 2

LA 6

LA 3

LA 4

LA 5

C1

C5C4

C7

C2

C3

C6

GSM

Cells

C = Cell


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GSM

Relation between areas in GSM

Location AreaCell

Area served by a BTS

Location Area

MSC Service AreaPLMN Service Area

GSM Service Area


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GSM

Functions of Mobile Station

Voice and data transmission

Frequency and time synchronization

Monitoring of power and signal quality ofthe surrounding cells

Provision of location updates even during

inactive state

Equalization of multi path distortions


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BSNL GSM IMSI

International mobile subscribersIdentity

The IMSI is an unique identity which isused internationally and used within thenetwork to identify the mobile subscribers.

The IMSI is stored on the subscriberidentity module (SIM), the HLR, VLR andAC database.


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BSNL

RSS

n BTS n BTS

BSC

BSC

BSC

MSC/VLR

RADIO SUB SYSTEM (RSS)


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GSM

FUNCTION OF BTS -I

Encodes, encrypts, multiplexes, modulates and

feeds the RF signals to the antenna

Transcoding and rate adaption Functionality

Time and frequency synchronisation signals

transmission.

11 power classes from .01 watts to 320 watts


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GSM

FUNCTION OF BTS -II

Frequency hopping

Random access detection

Uplink radio channel measurements

BTS mainly consists of a set of transceivers

(TRX).


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GSM

FUNCTIONS OF BSC-I

It is connected to BTS and offloads MSC

Radio resource management

Inter-cell handover

Reallocation of frequencies

Power control


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GSM

FUNCTIONS OF BSC-II

Time delay measurement of the received signals

from MS with respect to BTS clock.

Performs traffic concentration to reduce the

number of lines from BSC to MSC.

GS


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BSNL

GSM

MSC-BSS Configurations

BTSBTS

BTS

A-bis

BSC

BSS

Configuration -6 Multi - cell site =multi--BTS site

Many single

cell sites

BSS

MSC

BTS

A

A

A

Single - cell site

Configuration -1

Multi - cell site (sector Cells

Configuration -5

MCC: Mobile Switching Centre

BSS: Base Station System

BSC: Base Station Controller

BTS: Base Transceiver Station

A-bis

BTS BTS

BTS


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GSMMSC ( MOBILE SWITCHING CENTRE)

Manages communication between GSM & other

network

Call setup functions, basic switching are doneMSC takes into account the RR allocation in

addition to normal exchange functions

MSC does gateway function while its customersroams to other network by using HLR /VLR


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GSM

MSC Functions - II

Echo canceller operation control

Signaling interface to databases like HLR,

VLR. Gateway to SMS between SMS centers and

subscribers

Handle interworking function whileworking as GMSC


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GSM

VISITOR LOCATION REGISTER (VLR)-I

It controls those mobiles roaming in its area.

VLR reduces the number of queries to HLR

One VLR may be incharge of one or more LA.

VLR is updated by HLR on entry of MS its area.

VLR assigns TMSI which keeps on changing.

IMSI detach and attach operation

GSM


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GSM

Data in VLR

IMSI & TMSI

MSISDN

MSRN.Location Area

Supplementary service parameters

MS category

Authentication Key

GSM


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GSM

Home Location Register(HLR)-I

Reference store for subscribers parameters,numbers, authentication & Encryption values.

Current subscriber status and associated VLR.

Both VLR and HLR can be implemented inthe same equipment in an MSC.

one PLMN may contain one or several HLR.

GSM


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GSM

Home Location Register(HLR)-II

Data stored is changed only by man-machine.

IMSI, MS-ISDN number.

Category of MS ( whether pay phone or not )

Roaming restriction ( allowed or not ).

Supplementary services like call forwarding

Permanent data in HLR

GSM


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Temporary data in HLRThe data changes from call to call & is

dynamicMSRN

RAND /SRES and Kc

VLR address, MSC address.

Messages waiting data used for SMS

GSM

Home Location Register(HLR)-II


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BackboneNetwork

Corporate

Network

ISP

Network

G

b

Gs

G

d

Gr

Gi

G

nG

n

EDGETRUMS

BTS BSC MSC/VLR

SMS-G/IW MSC

AUCHLRMS

SGSN GGSN

P

C

U

U

T

R

A

N

BTS

BTS

BTS

R

NC

R

N

C

MS

UMTS

Iu

Network Evolution


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BackboneNetwork

Corporate

Network

ISP

Network

G

b

Gs

G

d

Gr

Gi

G

nG

n

EDGETRUMS

BTS BSC MSC/VLR

SMS-G/IW MSC

AUCHLRMS

SGSN GGSN

P

C

U

Network Evolution


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BackboneNetwork

Corporate

Network

ISP

Network

G

b

Gs

G

d

Gr

Gi

G

nG

n

EDGETRUMS

BTS BSC MSC/VLR

SMS-G/IW MSC

AUCHLRMS

SGSN GGSN

P

C

U

U

T

R

A

N

BTS

BTS

BTS

R

NC

R

N

C

MS

UMTS

Iu

Network Evolution

GPRS A hi


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GPRS Architecture

EIR

SGSN HLR

AUC

GGSN

ISDN / PSTN / PLMN

Network

IP-Backbone

Network

External

IP Network

External

X.25 Network

GMSC

MSC/VLR

A

Gb

Gs

Gn

Gf

Gr

Gi

Gi

Gn

BTS

BSC

Abis

BSS

Um

TE

MT

MS

A GSM Interface

Abis GSM Interface (Proprietary of M/s Ericsson)

AUC Authentication Center

BSC Base Station Center

BSS Base Station System

BTS Base Transceiver Station

EIR Equipment Identity RegisterGGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node

GMSC Gateway Mobile services Switching Center

Gx GPRS Interfaces

HLR Home Location Register

MS Mobile Station

MSC Mobile services Switching Center

MT Mobile Terminal

SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node

TE Terminal Equipment

Um Air Interface

VLR Visitor Location Register

GPRS Network ElementsGSM Network Elements Traffic & Signaling Signaling


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BSNL GPRS COMPONENTS

To ensure the interworking of the PLMN, PDN

and the wireless networks, two new major

components are required.

These components are called GPRS SupportNodes.

There are two types of GPRS Support Nodes

1. Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)2. Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)


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BSNL Gateway GPRS Support Node(GGSN)

GGSNs are used as interfaces to external PDNs.

GGSNs maintain routing information that is

necessary to tunnel the Protocol Data Units(PDUs) to the SGSNs that service particular

mobile stations.

Other functions include network and subscriber

screening and address mapping. One or moreGGSNs may support multiple SGSNs.


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BSNL Advantages of GPRS

Increased revenues by moving in to the mobile

data market

Gain new subscribers requiring the data services

without investing in to PCs to gain internet access

Retain current subscribers by offering new

services

Reduce costs due to efficient use of networkresources


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OrientationTraining Workshop


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BSNL

3G Introduction

3G Services

Expected customer

3G queries

Summary


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BSNL

3G was launched in abig way in 2002-03


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BSNL

But subscribers rejected

3G initially

(There was Less than 2 % penetration in first 2 years)


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BSNL

3G Commercial Networks

3G Network Launch Commitments

There are more than 185 commercial networks in more

than 80 countries


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BSNL has launched 3G services in selected cities and has aclear 6 month to 1 year lead over the nearest rival.

BSNL needs to ensure that the 3G launch is a success.


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[ What does 3G bring to the table..?]

Increased voice

capacity.

Increased data

speeds.Enhanced experience on

existing services

New exciting services

Increased ARPU from

subscribers.

New revenue streams.

Increased Capacity

End user services

Revenue potential


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BSNL

High quality voice Mobile Broadband

Video services Video

Call/streaming videos/

Video clips

Enhanced ContentservicesMusic/

tones/pictures

Business solutions E-

Mail/enterprise services


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BSNL

Mobile TV allows the user to view TV channels

on the mobile


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BSNL

Full movie /music download

Live news & sport updates

Interactive games

Video streaming

Wallpapers and

Tone downloads

The content services include the

following:


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Users can download full track music and videos on their

mobile any time , any where
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.visitmedford.org/images/music-symbols.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.visitmedford.org/aug-08.htm&usg=__q0mCv37_e9hVxNv0VrMzMIPaMY0=&h=270&w=215&sz=38&hl=en&start=33&tbnid=JFE2fa2PTgLwoM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=90&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmusic%2Bsymbols%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D20


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This has happened:

This is happening now:


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Access devices like a portable

laptop or a mobile handset are

typically used.

Mobile Broadband signifies

High speed

Wireless access

3G gives the user the flexibility

to access high speed internet any

time anywhere.


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BSNL

Video Call

With the deployment of

3G,Video call service willput BSNL on clear cut

advantageous position

with respect to its

competitors


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BSNL

Video Call

A girl in a city looking and talking to hergrandmother ,living in a rural area, through 3G Phone


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BSNL

Video Mail

In addition to voice mail

available on 2Gplatform, with 3G we

can deploy video mail

service also


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BSNL

Video Conferencing

With 3G Technology we can have video conferencing

facility through our mobile phones


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music sport

game news chat

ring tone


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Like new technologyHeavy user of telecom

services

for socializing

Emphasis on design brand

Target Services

Interactive Game

Video calls Music Downloads

See Me TV, Mobile TV

Mobile Blogging

Youth

Demographic Profile

Age15-24 years

Mix of college- going and workingBelonging to medium to High

income groupAttitude to Technology


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Needed for productivity

improvement

Fashion and status

improvement

Emphasis on design brand and

Target Services

Mobile Banking / Mobile Trading

Video calls / Video surveillance Video on Demand / Mobile TV

Location based services/

High Speed internet

Professional

Demographic Profile

Age25-54 years

Graduate & Post Graduate

Salaried & self employed

people

with medium to higher salaryAttitude to Technology


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Slow to adoption to new

technology

Target Services

Email

Bill Payment Location based

services

Adult

Demographic Profile

Age25-54 years

Graduate & Post GraduateBlue collared workers

Low to medium salary

Attitude to Technology


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Often scared to new technology

Feels stressed out and less in

control while using the

technology

Target Services

Email

Bill Payment music download

Video call

Seniors

Demographic Profile

Age 54 years and above

Retired and home makersLow to medium salary

Attitude to Technology


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Mobile Sports Clips

Early-to-market with mobile

video, rapid download.

Content that appeals to many and

that are willing to pay.

Content that is updated regularlyand has current value.


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3G services are inherently complex in nature.

So subscribers are bound to have lot of queries

on 3G services. Role of customer care is crucial

for the success of 3G services

Service adoption will ultimately be driven by

the level of preparedness and drive of the

customer interacting team


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What is 3G how is

it different from

Existing mobile

Services?

Why do I needto get it?

What is video call and howdifferent is it from a call that

I make today?

Which phones are

compatible with 3G?

I already have 2 phone

numbers. I dont want

another one.

How will 3G make

life simpler for

me?

What's the difference between

video downloads & video streaming?

How do I use my 3G

connection in areas with no 3G

coverage?


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BSNL

What is 3G? How is it different from

existing mobile services?


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BSNL

Existing 2G GSM service of present operators has

limitations in terms of speed of data access. As a resulttheir network is not suitable for applications which

require high speed data access like video calling and

video downloads


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It is a latest technology offered by BSNL. It offers Highquality voice, Mobile, Broadband, Business solutions E-

Mail/enterprise services , Picture and video upload

services Video services Video Call / streaming

videos/Video clips & Enhanced Content services

Music/tones/pictures


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BSNL

What are

3G Services?


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High quality

voice

Enhanced Content

servicesMusic/

tones/pictures

Business solutions

E-Mail/enter rise services

Picture and

video

Video services

Video

Call/streaming

videos/Video clips

Mobile

Broadband


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What is video calling ?How different it is from the call

I make today ?


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A video call will enable you to see the other

person on your 3G phone screen while talking to

him and vice versa . The key requirement here isthat both the calling and called party need to have

a video call enabled 3G handset and should have

subscribed to 3G services


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Which phones are compatible

with 3G? What are the other 3Gproducts which are available in

the market ?


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BSNL

What kind of

Customers are more

likely to use 3G ?


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BSNL

3G enabled phones will cost upwards of INR 7,500*

The price levels of 3G devices imply that 3G

services will be mostly used by high ARPU / high end

customers retail customers and also corporatecustomers


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BSNL

BSNL have launched its services all

over India. BSNL has made

3G services commercially available


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So finally India becomes a true 3Gcountry today.BSNL has chalked out

its plans where it will make the 3G

network available across 700 cities inIndia.


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himanshu bsnl new final

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