high-temperature steam gasification of agricultural and municipal solid waste march 8, 2012 asce...
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High-Temperature Steam Gasification of Agricultural and Municipal Solid Waste
March 8, 2012
ASCE Chapter Meeting
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Emphasis of Alternative Energy Research:
• To develop cost effective solutions for energy conversion• To develop solutions sensitive not only to life cycle costs but also life cycle assessments (environmental and natural resource impact)• To integrate (combine) energy recovery and alternative energy solutions to produce sustainable technologies
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Gasification of Woody Biomass, Farm Wastes and MSW
Research Objectives:
• Using high temperature (1000 to 1300deg C) steam to gasify various materials such as woody biomass, farm wastes and MSW• Requires significant system integration, possibly with a catalytic reactor to produce liquid fuels• In the case of MSW, the concept would involve an operation in conjunction with a landfill operation, a source of MSW and leachate (water source)
Note: Consider the energy trail! Using energy to convert “dirt” to products and packaging which ultimately go to landfills and then back to energy! Begs the question, what happens if we reduce consumption of products and packaging that go to landfills? Consider the quality of the energy used……
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System Integration
SortedMSW
Landfill Bioreactor
Aux. Equipment to Support Bioreactor
Methane
Feedstock Preparation
Electrical Energy Pre-Heat
Gasifer Syngas Conditioning
Heat Recovery
Low Temperature BoilerLeachate
Steam Superheater
High Temperature Steam
Concentrate from Low Temp Boiler
Concentrate from Low Temp Boiler to Feedstock Prep
Catalytic Reactor
Byproduct Gases
Heat Recovery
Liquid Fuels
Electrical Energy
Electrical Energy
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Background Trends in MSW Generation Rates
Disadvantage of Partial Oxygen Gasification or Incineration Lower temperature gasifiers produce low-quality syngas that contains
undesirable char, tar and soot Costly air pollution control required for both technologies
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Experimental Objectives Define the critical parameters affecting product yields Develop optimal conditions for thermal-chemical conversions Study cost-effective methods for the production of hydrogen fuel Study system integration with production of liquid fuels from syngas
Agricultural Wastes
MSW
High Temperature Steam Gasification
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Team Members PI
Skip Ingley, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida. E-mail - [email protected], Tel - 352-284-0997
Jacob N. Chung, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,University of Florida. E-mail - [email protected], Tel - 352-392-9607
Members
Name
Atish Shah
Graduate student
Billy Allen
Samuel Mammo
Stephen Belser
Uisung Lee
Andrew HatcherUndergraduate student
Thomas Lunden
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Team Members Hinkley Center
TAG Members
Tim Townsend, Professor, Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida
John Anderson, CEO Quantera Energy Resourse, Inc. Brent Wainwright, Principal, Green Team Ventures, LLC John Kuhn, Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical and Biomedical
Engineering, University of South Florida
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Previous system Supply the high temperature steam via combustion of hydrogen and oxygen Batch type operation with woody biomass as feedstock
Hydrogen
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
Gasification Reactor
Cooling/CleaningVessel 1
FI
Ejector
Cooling/Cleaning Vessel 2
Cooling/Cleaning Vessel 3
FI
Tout4Tout3Tout2Tout1
T
FI
P
T P
T P
T4-1
T1-2
T2-2
T1-1
T2-1
T3-1
T3-2
T4-2
TC
FI
P2
P1Air Compressor
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Current Experimental Setup
Schematic
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Steam Generator / Superheater
Steam GeneratorSuperheater
Pump Controler
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Gasifier & Cooler
Condensate CollectorCondensate Collector
Syngas CoolerSyngas Cooler
ExhaustExhaust
SamplingSampling
GasifierGasifier
Steam InjectorSteam Injector
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Gasifier & Cooler
Steam InjectorSteam Injector
Ceramic HoneycombCeramic Honeycomb
Condensate CollectorCondensate CollectorFeedstockFeedstock
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Steam Injector
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Feeder
Ball ValveBall Valve
Argon Purging Gas Inlet/OutletArgon Purging Gas Inlet/Outlet
PistonPiston
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Feedstock Preheater
Electric Heating TapeElectric Heating Tape
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Experimental Equipment
Steam generatorSteam generator
SuperheaterSuperheater
GasifierGasifier
FeederFeeder
Syngas CoolerSyngas Cooler
Argon CylinderArgon Cylinder
Gas SamplingGas SamplingExhaustExhaust
Condensate Collector
Condensate Collector
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Steam Injector and Base Module
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Ceramic Honeycomb Discs
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Simulation Results1300C Steam (without Heat loss)
Eq
uilib
rium
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)
400
500
600
700
800
900
Steam to Biomass Mass Ratio
1 2 3 4 5
Mo
le F
ract
ion
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
H2COH2OCO2CH4
H2
H2O
CO2
CH4
CO
Heat Gain Effect (200W)
Equ
ilibr
ium
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
w/o heat lossHeat gain (200W) + w/ Heat loss
Steam to Biomass Mass Ratio
1 2 3 4 5
Mol
e F
ract
ion
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
H2
CO
H2O
CO2CH4
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Current Issues Conduct Steam Temperature Tests and Measure Temperature
Profiles in Gasifier Finalize Arrangements for Syngas Sampling Steam to Biomass Ratio Tests with Woody Biomass Conduct Gasification Runs with MSW, MSW Components and
Farm Wastes
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Questions andDiscussion
?