Slide 1

Here are the questions that came in A1 ophthalmology OSCE exam. Most of the questions came from Dr.Yassers revision slides and from 425 OSCE exams. Make sure that youve studied them well. Good luck! Slide 2 Q. Identify the organ (A) A. Optic chiasm. Q. What type of visual field defect would be caused by a lesion in this area? A. Bitemporal hemianopia. A Slide 3 Q. Identify the organ (A) A. Superior canaliculus. Q. Identify the organ (B) A. Nasolacrimal sac. Slide 4 Unfortunately I couldnt find the exact picture but it was similar to this: Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Right facial (7 th ) nerve palsy (LMNL). Q. Mention 2 ocular manifestations of this condition. A. Exposure keratitis, epiphoria (excessive tearing), ectropion. Slide 5 Q. What is the magnification? A. x15 (not sure about this really). Q. Mention 2 characteristics of the image produced. A. Right image (not inverted), mono-ocular vision, high magnification, narrow area. It was the exact picture. A YZ11D direct ophthalmoscope. Slide 6 This was a bilateral finding in a young obese woman with 120/80 BP. CT scan imaging was negative. Q. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Pseudotumor cerebri (some students said that we were asked for the finding not the diagnosis and therefore wrote papilledema). Q. How would you manage her? A. 1.Medical: weight reduction and carbonic-anhydrase inhibitors (e.g. acetazolamide) 2.Surgical: CSF shunt. Slide 7 Unfortunately I couldnt find the exact picture but it was similar to this: Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Central retinal vein obstruction (CRVO). Q. Mention 2 predisposing factors. A. HTN, diabetes, atherosclerosis, etc. Slide 8 Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Accommodative esotropia in the right eye. Q. Which type of refractive error is associated with this condition? A. Hyperopia. Slide 9 Unfortunately I couldnt find the exact picture but it was similar to this: Q. What is the refractive error illustrated in the diagram? A. Hyperopia Q. What type of lenses could be used to correct it? A. Convex lenses. Slide 10 Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Q. How would you manage this patient? A. Pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) and control blood sugar. Slide 11 Unfortunately I couldnt find the exact picture but it was similar to this: A 2 year old child presented with this condition Q. What is this sign? A. Leucokoria in the right eye. Q. Mention 2 differential diagnoses. A. Congenital cataract, retinoblastoma. Slide 12 Unfortunately I couldnt find the exact picture but it was similar to this: A patient with a history of sudden painless redness in the eye Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Subconjuctival hemorrhage. Q. Mention 2 causes of this condition. A. Trauma, blood coagulopathies, anti-coagulants (OCP), cough, valsalva maneuver, old age, idiopathic. Slide 13 A patient with a history of glaucoma Q. What is this sign? A. Cupping (increased cup:disk). Q. Which type of visual field defect is associated with this condition? A. Peripheral visual field defect. Slide 14 A 25 year old patient with a history of sinusitis and fever Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Orbital cellulitis. Q. How would you manage her? A. Admission, temperature chart, culture and sensitivity, IV antibiotics, CT scan. Slide 15 A patient with a history of wearing contact lenses Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Corneal ulcer. Q. How would you manage this patient? A. Remove the contact lenses and topical antibiotics. Slide 16 Unfortunately I couldnt find the exact picture but it was similar to this: Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Herpitic keratitis. Q. What is the name of the stain that was used? A. Fluorescein dye. Slide 17 Unfortunately I couldnt find the exact picture but it was similar to this: A 60 year old patient with a history of blurred vision Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Senile cataract. Q. Mention 2 postoperative complications for this condition. A. Endophthalmitis, hemorrhage. Slide 18 A patient with a history of cataract surgery Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Endophthalmitis. Q. How would you manage this patient? A. Administer intravitreal antibiotics. Slide 19 Unfortunately I couldnt find the exact picture but it was similar to this: A patient with a history of an operation done in the iris Q. What is this procedure called? A. Peripheral iridotomy. Q. What is the indication of this procedure?. A. Acute closed angle glaucoma, narrow angle glaucoma. Slide 20 Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Right oculomotor (3 rd ) nerve palsy. Q. If patient has a history of nausea, vomiting and dizziness. What will be the most likely diagnosis? A. Neoplasm (brain tumor). Slide 21 A patient with a history of frequently changing his glasses Q. What is the diagnosis? A. Keratoconus. Q. What is this sign? A. Munsons sign.