heidi danker-hopfe hans dorn
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Studies of the effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields emitted from mobile phones on volunteers
Heidi Danker-Hopfe and Hans DornGerman Mobile Telecommunication Research Programme Munich, 12./13. December 2006
Investigation of sleep quality in subjects living near a mobile base station – Experimental
study on the evaluation of possible psycho-logical and physiological effects under
residential conditions
![Page 2: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview Sleep – basics
Motivation to study sleep in the context of electro-magnetic fields
Laboratory study: mobile phones and sleep
Field study: base stations and sleep
Title page Somnology
Vol 9 (4), 2005
![Page 3: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
History Background Design Status of the project
Field study: base stations and sleep
![Page 4: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Charité – CBF project funded within the DMF
Federal Office of Radiation Protection
Title: Investigation of sleep quality in subjects living near a mobile base station – Experimental study on theevaluation of possible psychological and physio-logical effects under residential conditions
Duration: March 1st, 2006 – September 30th, 2007
Field study - history
![Page 5: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Feasibility study
Investigations of sleep quality in subjects living in the vicinity of base stations
(funded by the Ministry of Social Affairs, Women, Family and Health of Lower Saxony)
Flachsmeer, November 10th to Dezember 7th, 2002
Participants: 47 men and 58 women (15 to 88 years)
Field study - history
![Page 6: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Presentation of results: June 19, 2003
Sonntags-report
June 22, 2003
Field study - history
![Page 7: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Charité – CBF project funded within the DMF
Federal Office of Radiation Protection
Title: Investigation of sleep quality in subjects living near a mobile base station – Experimental study on theevaluation of possible psychological and physio-logical effects under residential conditions
Duration: June 15, 2005 – September 15, 2005 – pilot study
Field study - history
![Page 8: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
write a review of the literature
get an ethics vote (September 6, 2005) achieve an agreement with the network
providers T-mobile, Vodafone, E-plus and O2concerning technical support
Aims of the pilot study
All aims were achieved funding of the main study
Field study - history
![Page 9: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
History Background Design Status of the project
Field study: base stations and sleep
![Page 10: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
No further information
we refer to the presentation by Gabriele Berg
Field study - background
![Page 11: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
History Background Design Status of the project
Field study: base stations and sleep
![Page 12: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Field studies on sleep of people living in the vicinity of mobile phone base stations
PROBLEM“disentangle”
psychological effects
physiological effects
Solution: experimental field studyField study - design
Field study - design
![Page 13: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Selection of sites
no mobile service available
only weak fields from other RF-sources (TV etc.)
no emotional EMF-discussion in the run-up to the study
Field study - design
Selection of subjects
age > 17 years
ability to give an informed consent
living close ( 500 m) to a site suitable for placing ≤ the experimental base station
![Page 14: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Search for sites: www.keinnetz.de, personal communication etc.
Selection of study sites: procedure
Field study - design
![Page 15: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
First study site: Frebershausen (Hessen)
Second study site: Lower Saxony
Third study site: Thuringia
Preliminary fourth study site: Schleswig Holstein
Field study - design
![Page 16: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Informative meeting
Get in touch with the “mayor”
Outdoor Measurement performed by the German Federal Network Agency
German Federal Network Agency
Network providers
Selection of study sites: procedure
Candidate sites identified
Field study - design
![Page 17: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Outdoor measurement according to the standard: "Reg TP MV EMF 03, Ausgabe Februar 2003"
peak hold measurement while rotating antennas toinclude all directions for both vertical and horizontalpolarizations
all signals above a threshold of 40dB below legallimits are registered or, if none present, the 2strongest per measuring frequency range (can be at noise floor level)
Field study - design
![Page 18: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Field study - design
Quelle: RegTP-Messung in Frebershausen
![Page 19: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Quelle: RegTP-Messung in Frebershausen
![Page 20: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Quelle: RegTP-Messung in Frebershausen
![Page 21: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Transport of the experimental base station to the study site
Characteristics:Container, originally used for desaster recovery, containing GSM 900 and GSM 1800 base transceiver stations (BTS), a mast, cables, antennas and a power supply system
BTS deliver generic GSM signals using a test mode without net service -> not displayed on mobiles
Field study - design
![Page 22: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Characteristics contd:
auxiliary signal generators and power amplifiers add 6/8 pulsed GSM signals
Sum signal simulates a base station transmitting near full capacity
Computer based double blind exposition control via RF relais for switching
Field study - design
Transport of the experimental base station to the study site
![Page 23: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Prior to any other action in the project:
Pparticipants sign an informed consent;
Completetion of questionnaires concerning sleep and wellbeing
LISST (Landecker Inventar zur Erfassung von Schlafstörungen) Pittsburgh Schlafqualitäts-Index (PSQI) Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) Morning-Evening-Type assessment (MAB) Zung‘s Anxiety Scale and Depression Scale (SAS and SDS) Attitude towards mobile communication (based on the infas
interview) Personality traits (NEO-FFI)
Field study - design
![Page 24: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Outdoor measurement by the IMST GmbH
Field study - design
![Page 25: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
MP3
BTS
photo by courtesy of IMST
GmbH
Field study - design
Location of measuring point 3 and antenna directions of the experimental base station
![Page 26: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
singular measurement of the signal at the pillow of each participant’s bed
Field study - design
both experimental ("test") and external back- ground exposition are assessed
frequency selective and isotropic methods are used (additionally code selective for UMTS)
signals of the various transmitting services are measured individually
to be able to detect background signals of field strengths 40dB below experimental exposition a multistep approach is taken – applying different methods depending from the test signal strength encountered
1 weekDECT phones will be replaced for the time of the study
![Page 27: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
935 940 945 950 955 960
Frequenz [MHz]
Ele
ktr.
Fel
dstä
rke
[dB
µV/m
]
GSM 900 figure by courtesy of IMST GmbH
Field study - design
GSM 900 downlink: signals of the experimental base station
![Page 28: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
935 935,5 936 936,5 937 937,5 938 938,5 939 939,5 940
Frequenz [MHz]
Ele
ktr.
Fel
dstä
rke
[dB
µV/m
]GSM 900 (cutout) figure by courtesy of IMST GmbH
Field study - design
Signals of four channels below 940 MHz (seven GSM 900 downlink channels total)
![Page 29: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1820 1820,5 1821 1821,5 1822 1822,5 1823 1823,5 1824 1824,5 1825
Frequenz [MHz]
Ele
ktr.
Fel
dstä
rke
[dB
µV/m
]GSM 1800 figure by courtesy of IMST GmbH
Field study - design
GSM 1800 downlink: signals of the experimental base station
![Page 30: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
87,5 92,5 97,5 102,5 107,5
Frequenz [MHz]
Ele
ktr.
Fel
dstä
rke
[dB
µV/m
]
UKW figure by courtesy of IMST GmbH
Field study - design
Signals of FM broadcast
![Page 31: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Analog-TV (TV-Band IV)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
470 490 510 530 550 570 590 610
Frequenz [Mhz]
Ele
ktr.
Fel
dstä
rke
[dB
µV/m
]
Kanal 27
figure by courtesy of IMST GmbH
Field study - design
A single detectable UHF TV signal
![Page 32: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
622 642 662 682 702 722 742 762 782
Frequenz [MHz]
Ele
ktr.
Fel
dstä
rke
[dB
µV/m
]Analog-TV (TV-Band V)
Nur Rauschen!
figure by courtesy of IMST GmbH
Field study - design
No detectable signals in the second UHF TV frequency band
![Page 33: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Collection of sleep related data: duration 2 weeks (12 nights)
Morning- /evening protocolsRecommended by the German So-ciety for Sleep Research and Sleep Medicine (DGSM), supplemented by questions concerning problems with handling the device used to collect objective data
subjectivesleep quality
objectivesleep quality
Registration and automatic analysis of sleep EEG
Storage of the original frontally recorded bipolar
EEG signal
Field study - design
no exposition during the day, randomized exposition (sham and verum) during the nights
![Page 34: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
objective sleep quality
Registration and automatic analysis of sleep EEG -Storage of the original frontally recorded bipolar EEG signal
SOMNOscreen Neuro Kombi(SOMNOmedics)
Field study - design
![Page 35: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
History Background Design Status of the project
Field study: base stations and sleep
![Page 36: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Status of the project
First study site:
Frebershausen (Hessen)
Number of inhabitants: 204
92 males and 102 females
0
10
20
30
40
50
0-17 18-24 25-39 40-64 65-79 >79
[%]
Age [years]
n=38
n=6n=13
n=40
n=85
n=22Eligible: 166
Field study – status of the project
![Page 37: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Status of the project
First study site:
Frebershausen (Hessen)Data collection (12.11. - 2.12.2006)
Frebershausen
n = 34 (20.5% of the eligible population)
enrolled
Field study – status of the project
![Page 38: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Sample characteristics
38
013
1
40
9
85
23 22
1 6 00
20
40
60
80
100
0-17 18-24 25-39 40-64 65-79 >79
n
Age [years]
Mean age of participants: 44.2 ± 11.8 years
(Range: 18 – 68 years)
17 males: 50% 17 females: 50%
Field study – status of the project
![Page 39: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Study completed
12 nights 20 subjects (58.8%)
11 nights 7 subjects (20.6%)
10 nights 3 subjects ( 8.8%)
6 nights 1 subject ( 2.9%)
4 nights 2 subjects ( 5.9%)
0 nights 1 subject ( 2.9%)
Drop out rate:
11.8 %
Field study – status of the project
![Page 40: Heidi Danker-Hopfe Hans Dorn](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060802/62982d4a82d02769ae54f833/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
IMST GmbH, Kamp LintfortAchim Bahr, PhDThomas Bolz, Dipl.-IngChristian Bornkessel, Dr.-Ing. and his team
Federal Agency of Radiation ProtectionBlanka Pophof, PhD
Charité - CBFAnsgar Bach, Dipl. Chem. PhDMalek Bajbouj, MD PhDOliver Berndt, Dipl. Phys.Johannes Boeckh, Dipl. Psych.Timur Cetin, Dipl. Biol.Martina Grosch, MTA-FMarie-Luise Hansen, MDAlmut Heinken, Biol. Stud. Anita Peter, MDMichaela Noack, MTA-FGrit Renner, MTA-FPeter Schlattmann, MD statisticianAndrea Schmidt, MTAKatrin Schulze, MTA-FStefanie Voigtländer, MTA-F
Thank you for your attention
Fachhochschule DeggendorfMatthias Wuschek, Prof. Dr.-Ing. and his team
Network providersT-MobileVodafoneE-PlusO2
FGFGerd Friedrich, PhD