hazard communication hazard communication # 1. introduction # 2 l objectives »to increase knowledge...

HAZARD COMMUNICATION

Hazard Communication# 1

Introduction

# 2

Objectives» To increase knowledge of

hazardous chemicals in the workplace

» To reduce the number and severity of accidents, injuries, and illnesses resulting from chemicals

» To increase understanding of protective measures required by exposure to hazardous chemicals

Purpose» To provide information

required to work safely with chemicals

» To comply with requirements of 29 CFR 1910.1200, Hazard Communication Standard

Purpose of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)

To ensure that the hazards of all chemicals produced or imported are evaluated

To ensure that comprehensive material safety data sheets (MSDSs) are developed by the manufacturer or importer for every hazardous chemical

To ensure that information concerning the hazards associated with hazardous chemicals is transmitted to employers and employees

# 3

Goals of the Hazard Communication Standard

Reduce exposures Substitute less hazardous materials Establish proper work practices Prevent work-related illnesses and injuries

caused by chemicals

# 4

Scope

Chemical manufacturers, importers - Assess hazards of chemicals

Distributors - Transmit required information to employers

Employers - Provide information to their employees about the hazardous chemicals to which they are exposed

# 5

Related Regulations

FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act) - Pesticides

TSCA (Toxic Substance Control Act) - Toxic Substances FFDCA (Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act), Virus-

Serum Toxin Act of 1913 - Food, food additives, color additives, drugs, cosmetics, or medical or veterinary devices or products, including ingredients in such products (e.g., flavors, fragrances)

Federal Alcohol Administration Act - Distilled Spirits SWDA (Solid Waste Disposal Act) - Hazardous Waste

# 6

Related Regulations (Contd.)

Consumer Product Safety Act and Federal Hazardous Substances Act - Consumer Products or Hazardous Substances

Federal Seed Act - Agricultural or Vegetable Seeds Treated with Pesticides

CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act) - Hazardous Substances

# 7

Hazard Communication: Program Elements

Written Program Hazardous Chemical

Inventory Training Labeling

# 8

MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) Documentation

Program Maintenance

Written Program

Insert date of facility written program

Insert how to obtain copies of the written program

Insert who to contact to propose changes to the written program

# 9

Hazardous Chemicals Brought on Site By Contractors, etc.» Contracts require

submission of MSDSs

» Insert facility contact

Hazardous Chemical Inventory

A list of hazardous chemicals known to be present» May be compiled for the workplace as a whole or

for individual work areas» Identified in accordance with appropriate MSDS

Required to be part of the written program

# 10

Training

Initial assignment» By chemical (if few chemicals are used)» By hazard (if many chemicals are used)

Whenever a new HAZARD is introduced

# 11

Labeling

Requirements» Each container must be

labeled, tagged, or marked

» Legible

» Prominently displayed

» Identity of chemical

» Appropriate hazard warnings

# 12

Requirements (Contd.)» Name and address of

chemical manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party

Voluntary» Emergency telephone

numbers

» First aid procedures

» Leak and spill procedures

Labeling Exceptions

Portable containers into which hazardous chemicals are transferred from labeled containers intended for immediate use by employee who transfers chemicals

Drugs dispensed by pharmacy to healthcare provider for direct administration to patient

# 13

Labeling NOT Required

Pesticides Tobacco or tobacco

products Food or alcoholic

beverages (sold, used, or prepared in a retail establishment)

# 14

Wood or wood products Drugs or cosmetics Ionizing and non-

ionizing radiation Biological hazards

Labeling Systems

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) - Fire diamonds» Red - Fire Hazard» Blue - Health Hazard» Yellow - Reactivity» White - Special

information» Higher the number, the

more hazardous the chemical

# 15

Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS) - Rectangular with horizontal strips» Copyright of the National

Paint and Coating Association

» Similar to NFPA» White - Letters designate

personal protective equipment (ppe)

Labeling Systems (Contd.)

Department of Transportation Color-coded diamonds» Red - Flammable liquid or gas

» Orange - Explosive

» Green - Compressed gas

» Black and white - Corrosive

» Yellow - Oxygen or oxidizer base

» Yellow and white - Radioactive

» White - Toxic or poison gas Attached to hazardous materials

being shipped Includes a four digit number (the

United Nations identification code)

# 16

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

Upper Left Side» DANGER

» WARNING

» CAUTION

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

Manufacturers and importers must obtain or develop an MSDS for each hazardous chemical they produce or import

Employers shall have an MSDS in the workplace for each hazardous chemical which they use (29 CFR 1910.1200(g))

# 17

MSDSs (Contd.)

General Information» Name of chemical

» Name and address of manufacturer

» Emergency telephone number

» Date of preparation and review

# 18

Ingredients» Listed by percentage of

content

» OSHA permissible exposure limit

» ACGIH threshold limit value

» CAS Number

MSDSs (Contd.)

Physical/Chemical Characteristics» Appearance and odor

» Physical data

Fire and Explosion Hazard Data» Extinguishing media

» Physical data

Disposal Data

# 19

Reactivity» Conditions to avoid

» Materials to avoid

Transportation Data» DOT requirements

» Labeling for shipping

Label Data» Signal word (e.g., Danger)

» Special precautions

MSDSs - Health Hazards

Routes of entry Health hazards

» Acute

» Chronic

Carcinogenicity Signs/symptoms of

overexposure Emergency/first aid

# 20

Medical conditions aggravated by exposure

Spill response Waste disposal Storage requirements Other precautions

MSDSs - Control Measures

Respiratory Protection Ventilation Protective Gloves Eye Protection Other Protective

Equipment

# 21

Hygienic Work Practices

Supplementary Safety and Health Data

Other Considerations

Procedure to follow when chemicals are delivered to the facility and an MSDS is not provided/available

# 22

Procedure to update the facility’s list of chemicals

Laboratory Requirements

Labels on incoming containers of hazardous chemicals must not be removed or defaced

MSDSs for hazardous chemicals must be maintained MSDSs must be readily accessible to laboratory

employees during each workshift Appropriate information and training must be

provided

# 23

General Preventive Actions

Specific Procedures Implemented by Facility» Work practices

» Emergency procedures

» PPE

# 24

Reduce the hazard, substitute a less hazardous chemical, if possible» Facility procedure

» Methods to minimize exposure

Know emergency response procedures

Preventive Actions (Contd.)

Know the chemical with which you are working

Read the label before use Review the MSDS Obtain additional training Use proper ventilation Make sure fume hoods and

other safeguards are operating properly

Wear appropriate PPE

# 25

Handle and dispose of chemicals properly

Don’t smoke, drink, use drugs, or cosmetics around hazardous chemicals

Let other workers know where you are/work as a team

Consult employee health or EAP, if symptoms develop

Practice good housekeeping

Spill Response Procedure

Attend to any medical emergencies Isolate area

» Leave immediate area of spill

» Close windows and doors, if possible

» Warn others to stay out of area Notify appropriate personnel

» Supervisors

» Safety professionals

# 26

Develop and implement specific clean-up procedure

» Consult MSDS for spill procedure, if necessary

» Put on appropriate PPE, if it varies from that being worn

» Clean up spill and area in accordance with facility and manufacturer’s guidance

» Dispose of cleaning materials properly

Emergency Response

Determine who notifies emergency response personnel

Sound Alarm Move to a safe area

# 27

Assist the emergency response personnel» Provide any technical

information available

» Follow instructions

General First Aid Procedures

Promptly obtain medical help for all medical emergencies

Inhalation» Move to fresh air

» If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration

» If breathing and pulse have stopped, perform CPR - if properly trained

» Provide oxygen

# 28

Skin» Immediately flush exposed

skin with water

» Remove contaminated clothing

» Do NOT scrub exposed skin

» Do NOT apply ointments or neutralizing solutions

Eyes - Immediately flush exposed eye for 15 minutes

First Aid Procedures - Shock

Check for symptoms» Clammy, pale skin

» Rapid, faint pulse

» Quick, irregular breathing

» Weakness or nausea

Treat other injuries If unconscious, place

victim on side

# 29

Keep victim quiet and lying down - feet slightly elevated

Cover with a blanket Do NOT move victim

(unless absolutely necessary), if there is the potential for a neck or spine injury

First Aid Procedures - Ingestion

Give water, Do NOT induce Vomiting» Benzene

» Toluene

» Xylene

# 30

Give Water, Induce Vomiting» Acetone

» Formaldehyde

» Freon

» Phenol

Give Salt Water, Induce Vomiting» Chloroform

» Methyl alcohol

» Trichloroethylene

Obtain Medical Aid

Provide First Aid - Do NOT leave injured employee alone

Contact Employee Health Personnel» Insert Telephone Number

» Insert Room Number

# 31

Give Water, Induce Vomiting» Acetone

» Formaldehyde

» Freon

» Phenol

Give Salt Water, Induce Vomiting» Chloroform

» Methyl alcohol

» Trichloroethylene

Hazardous Chemical

Any chemical that is a physical hazard or a health hazard» A hazard is an inherent property

of a chemical and exists no matter what quantity of the chemical is present

# 32

Physical Hazards

Combustible liquids Flammables

» Liquids

» Aerosols

» Gases

» Solids

Explosives Pyrophorics

# 33

Compressed gases Organic peroxides Oxidizers Unstable (reactive) Water-reactive

Combustible and Flammable Liquids

Combustibles (flashpoint at or above 100° F)» Acetic Acid Glacial

» Formalin (with Methanol)

» Formaldehyde (37% solution)

» Hydraulic fluid

» Kerosene (Fuel Oil No. 1)

» Linseed Oil

» Mineral Oil

» Transformer Oil

# 34

Flammables (flashpoint less than 100° F)» Acetone

» Carbon Disulfide

» Ethylene Oxide

» Ethyl Ether

» Isopropyl Alcohol

» Methyl Ethyl Ether

» Toluene

» Turpentine

» Xylene

Isopropyl Alcohol

General Information» Quantity - Not identified

Physical/Chemical Characteristics» Colorless liquid

» Slight odor of rubbing alcohol

# 35

Fire and Explosion Hazard» Extinguishing agents

– Alcohol foam

– Dry chemical

– Carbon dioxide

– Water may be ineffective

Reactivity - Stable

Isopropyl Alcohol (Contd.)

Health Hazard Data» Carcinogenic - No

» Target Organs– Eyes

– Skin

– Respiratory System

– Central Nervous System (Ingestion)

Levels NOT to be exceeded» 400 ppm (8 hours)

» 500 ppm (15 minutes)

# 36

Effects of Overexposure» Inhalation

– Nausea/Vomiting

– Dizziness

– Drowsiness

– Irritation of Respiratory Tract

– Pulmonary Edema

– Loss of Consciousness

» Skin - Dermatitis

» Eye - Temporary Corneal Damage


Protective Equipment» Ventilation - General or local

exhaust

» Respiratory Protection - Chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge

» Eye/Skin Protection - Safety goggles, uniform, apron, neoprene gloves

# 37

First Aid» Eyes - Flush with water for 15

minutes

» Skin - Flush

» Ingested - do not induce vomiting

» Inhalation

– Remove to fresh air

– If not breathing, give artificial respiration

– If breathing is difficult, give oxygen


Storage and Handling» Bond/ground containers when

transferring liquid

» Keep container tightly closed

» Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated flammable liquid storage area

Disposal Procedure» In accordance with Federal,

state, and local environmental regulations

# 38

Spill Procedures» Wear suitable protective

clothing

» Shut off ignition sources

» No flares, smoking, etc.

» Stop leak if possible

» Use water spray to reduce vapors

» Take up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material

» Flush area with water

Preventive Actions

Reduce the hazard, substitute a less flammable liquid, if possible

Store properly Use proper ventilation Eliminate possible sources

of ignition Dispose of properly

# 39

Know proper extinguishing methods

Know emergency response procedures

Personal Protection» Avoid skin contact

» Don’t breathe the vapors

» Protect your eyes

» Do NOT eat, drink, etc. in areas where hazardous chemicals are used

Storage of Combustible and Flammable Liquids

Healthcare: 360 gallons in flammable liquid storage cabinets

Health-related Labs: Outside approved storage cabinets - 10 gallons

# 40

Industrial: 480 gallons in flammable liquid storage cabinets, if proper separation provided

Offices: Prohibited, except for maintenance and operation needs

Proper Storage

Containers» Must be approved

» Individual capacity cannot exceed 60 gallons

» Construction– One gallon or less -

Original container or metal safety can

– More than one gallon - Metal safety can

# 41

Storage Cabinets» Labeled: FLAMMABLE

- KEEP FIRE AWAY

Flammables

Aerosols» Spray paint cans

Gases» Acetylene

Solids» Zinc

Personal Protection» Avoid skin contact

» Don’t breathe the vapors

» Protect your eyes

# 43

Preventive Actions» Reduce the hazard, substitute

a less flammable chemical, if possible

» Store and dispose of properly

» Use proper ventilation

» Eliminate possible sources of ignition

» Know proper extinguishing methods and emergency response procedures

Flammable Aerosols - Spray Paint

General Information» Krylon Spray Paint» Carcinogen - No » Spray can burns like

blowtorch» Contains

– Propane/Isobutane– Hexane/Heptane– Toluene– Naphtha

# 44

Hazards» Eyes - Irritation

» Inhalation– Dizziness– Confusion

– Weakness

» Fire– Can burst violently in a fire– Releases toxic and irritating

compounds, if burned

Flammable Gas - Acetylene

General Information» Acetylene Oxygen Co.» Colorless gas» Distinctive garlic-like odor

Health Hazards» Flammable Gas» Can act as asphyxiant» Symptoms - Dizziness and

Loss of Consciousness

# 45

Specific Guidance» Store cylinders upright

» Do NOT store near oxygen

» Cylinders can rupture violently if not kept cool

» Under pressure can explode even without air or oxygen

» Can accumulate in confined spaces (lighter than air)

» Several fatalities occurred when used to fill balloons or plastic bags (“playing”)

Flammable Solid - Zinc

General Information» Fisher Scientific

» Odorless

» Blue solid

» Powder or liquid is pyrophoric

# 46

Health Hazards» Eyes - Mechanical irritation

» Skin - Irritation, dermatitis

» Ingestion– Liver damage

– Perforation of digestive tract

– Severe pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and shock

» Inhalation - Metal fume fever

Explosives and Pyrophorics

Explosive» Picric acid

# 47

Pyrophoric» Magnesium diamide

Prevention of Explosive and Pyrophoric Hazards

Minimize amounts used Store properly Follow proper

procedures Shields, barricades, and

guards should be used

# 48

Wear proper protective gloves and clothing

Do not drop or shake

Explosive - Picric Acid


» Yellow in color

» Odor - Not available

» Flammable solid

» Shock sensitive and thermally unstable

# 49

Health Hazards» Eye - Irritation, conjunctivitis

» Skin - Irritation, dermatitis, sensitization, destruction, and ulceration

» Ingestion– Kidney damage– Acute hepatitis– Gastrointestinal irritation

with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

» Inhalation - Respiratory tract irritation, kidney damage

Compressed Gases

Examples» Oxygen

» Nitrous oxide

» Ethylene oxide

» Acetylene

» Propane

» Helium

» Hydrogen

» Liquefied Petroleum Gas

# 50

Preventive Actions» Store and use properly

» Secure cylinders in accordance with manufacturer’s guidance and facility policy

» Use carts, hand trucks, and other devices to move

Compressed Gas - Oxygen

General Information» Air Products and

Chemicals» Carcinogen - NO» Colorless and odorless» Supports and vigorously

accelerates combustion» Nontoxic under most

conditions» Necessary to support life

# 51

Precautions» Store cylinders in well

ventilated areas

» Do NOT store near flammable/combustible materials

» Do NOT store in heavy traffic areas

» Valve caps should remain on when not connected

» Never lubricate valves/caps

Organic Peroxide

Types of compounds known to form peroxides» Aldehydes» Ethers» Compounds containing

benzylic hydrogen atoms» Compounds containing the

allylic structure, including most alkenes

» Vinyl and vinylidene compounds (vinyl acetate and vinylidene chloride)

# 52

Specific chemicals that can form dangerous concentrations of peroxides on exposure to air» Cyclohexene» Cyclooctene» Decalin (decahydronaphthalene)» p-Dioxane» Diethyl ether» Diisopropyl ether» Tetrahydrofuran (THF)» Tetralin (tetrahydronaphthalene)

Prevention of Hazards Associated with Organic Peroxides

Minimize the amount of organic peroxides used

Unused peroxides should not be returned to the original container

Use ceramic or wooden spatulas, NOT metal ones

Smoking, open flames, and heat should NOT be permitted near organic peroxides

Clean up spills immediately (vermiculite can absorb solutions)

# 53

Friction, grinding, and all forms of impact should be avoided near peroxides (especially solids)

Use polyethylene bottles with screw-caps, NOT glass bottles with screw-cap lids or glass stoppers

Store at lowest possible temperature consistent with solubility or freezing point

Dispose of properly

Organic Peroxide - Ethyl Ether


» Carcinogen - No

» Color - Not available

» Sweet, aromatic odor

» Vapors may form explosive mixture with air

» Not stable during routine use and handling

# 54

Health Hazards» Eyes - Irritation» Skin - Irritation, burns, defatting,

dermatitis» Ingestion - Central nervous system

depression, chemical pneumonitis (may be fatal)

» Inhalation - Respiratory tract irritation, seizures, blood abnormalities

» Psychic abnormalities - anxiety, depression, excitability (chronic exposure)

Organic Peroxide - Isopropyl Ether


» Carcinogen - No

» Clear, colorless liquid

» Ethereal odor

» Explosive peroxides may form on concentration

# 55

Health Hazards» Eyes - Mild irritation

» Skin - Irritation, defatting, dermatitis

» Ingestion - Digestive tract irritation, central nervous system depression, respiratory failure (fatal)

» Inhalation - Respiratory tract irritation, headache, dizziness, unconsciousness, coma

Oxidizers

Examples» Chlorine

» Calcium hypochlorite

» Chromic acid

» Oxygen (Gaseous)

» Perchloric acid

» Fluorine

» Iodine

» Hydrogen peroxide (3 to 90 %)

# 56

Preventive Actions» Store in well ventilated areas

» Keep chemicals as cool as possible

» Store and use in glass or other inert containers (preferably unbreakable)

» Do not use corks or rubber stoppers with oxidizers

» Reaction vessels containing oxidizers should be heated using fiberglass mantles or sand baths

Oxidizer - Chlorine


» Pale yellow liquid

» Distinct odor

Do NOT induce vomiting - Give milk or water

# 57

Health Hazards» Eyes - Irreversible eye injury,

conjunctivitis

» Skin - Severe burns and ulceration, dermatitis

» Ingestion - Severe digestive tract burns

» Inhalation - Severe irritation

» Teeth - Erosion (chronic)

Unstable (reactive)

Acrolein-Acrylonitrile

# 58

Preventive Actions» Refrigerate

» Use immediately

Water-reactive

Examples» Carbon tetrafluoride

» Iodine chloride

» Lithium

» Potassium

» Sodium metal

» Sodium hydride

» Sulfamic acid

# 59

Preventive Actions» Avoid contact with water or

other liquids

Water-reactive - Sulfamic Acid


» Carcinogen - No

» White solid

» Odor - Not available

# 60

Health Hazards» Eyes - Severe irritation, burns

» Skin - Irritation, possible burns, if skin wet

» Ingestion - Severe irritation gastrointestinal tract, nausea, vomiting, possible burns

» Inhalation - Respiratory tract irritation, burning pain in nose and throat, coughing, shortness of breath, pulmonary edema

Health Hazards

Carcinogens Toxic agents Highly toxic agents Reproductive toxins Irritants Corrosives Sensitizers Hepatotoxins (Liver)

# 61

Nephrotoxins (Kidneys) Neurotoxins (Nervous System) Agents which damage the

lungs, pulmonary system Agents that act on the

hematopietic (blood) system Cutaneous hazards Eye hazards

Multiple Health Hazards

# 62

Chemical Kidney Liver CentralNervousSystem

ReproductiveSystem

PulmonarySystem

Skin

Acetone X X X X

Ammonia X X X X

EthyleneGlycol

X X X X

Lead X X X X

SulfuricAcid

X X X X

Carcinogens

Examples» Asbestos» Chlordane» Chloroform» DDT» Dioxane» Formaldehyde» Saccharin» Soot» Toluene» Urethane» Vinyl chloride

# 63

Preventive Actions» If synergistic, do NOT smoke,

drink, use drugs

» Specialized medical testing for the exposure as part of medical surveillance provided by facility

Carcinogen - Chloroform


» Carcinogen - Potential


» Sweet odor

» Toxicity increased by alcohol, steroids, and ketones

# 64

Health Hazards» Eyes - Irreversible eye damage

(vapors or liquid)» Skin - Burning, itching, redness,

dermatitis» Ingestion - Chemical pneumonitis

(fatal)» Inhalation - Depression of central

nervous system, kidney and liver damage

» Adverse reproductive and fetal effects

Toxic and Highly Toxic Agents

Toxic Agents» Orally

– Acrylamide

– Barium

– Isopropyl Ether

» Continuous Contact– Dioxane

– Ethylene Dibromide

– Hydrazine

» Continuous Inhalation– Chlorine

– Phenol

– Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide

# 65

Highly Toxic Agents» Orally

– Hydrogen cyanide

– Sodium azide

– Sodium cyanide

» Continuous Contact– None identified

» Continuous Inhalation– Hydrogen cyanide

– Hydrogen sulfide

– Phosgene

Highly Toxic (Oral) - Sodium Cyanide


» Carcinogen - No

» White solid

» Slightly bitter-almond odor when moist

» Must have cyanide antidote kit available

» Wash thoroughly after handling/before eating

# 66


» Skin - Severe irritation, burns, absorbed through skin, dermatitis, necrosis, ulceration

» Ingestion - Severe gastrointestinal tract irritation (may be fatal), central nervous system damage

» Inhalation - Severe respiratory tract irritation, effects similar to ingestion

Reproductive Toxins

Proven - Human Studies

» Anesthetic gases

» Lead

» Organic mercury

» Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

» Radiation

» Ribavirin

# 67

Suspected - Human Studies

» Carbon monoxide

» Cytotoxic drugs

» Ethylene oxide

» Organic solvents Suspected - Animal Studies

» Cadmium

» Organochlorine pesticides

Prevention of Reproductive Effects

Request to be assigned to another area that does not require working with reproductive toxins» Verbally

» In writing

# 68

Notify supervisor Facility procedure to

resolve differences

Reproductive Toxins - Nitrous Oxide

General Information» Air Products and Chemicals

» Carcinogen - NO

» Appearance and odor Not available

» Supports and accelerates combustion of flammables

» Simple asphixiant

» Use safe handling procedures for gas cylinders

# 69

Health Hazards» Eye/Skin - Contact with liquid or

cold gas causes cryogenic burns

» Inhalation

– Headache

– Nausea/Drowsiness

– Other signs of oxygen starvation

– Hysteria (high concentrations, short exposure)

– “Laughing gas” can be abused

Irritants and Corrosives

Irritants» Chloroform

» Formaldehyde

» Freon

» Glutaraldehyde

» Hydrogen peroxide

» Iodine

» Isopropyl alcohol

» Toluene

» Xylene

# 70

Corrosives» Acetic acid glacial

» Ammonia

» Chlorine

» Fluorine

» Hydrochloric acid

» Hydrofluoric acid

» Hydrogen chloride

» Nitric acid

» Sulfuric acid

Corrosive - Ammonia

General Information» Bower Ammonia and

Chemical

» Carcinogen - No

» Colorless liquid

» Pungent odor

» Wear goggles, if wearing contact lenses

# 71

Health Hazards» Eyes - Irritation

» Skin - Burns

» Ingestion - Symptoms NOT identified

» Inhalation– Headache

– Coughing

– Severe lung congestion

Sensitizers

Sensitizers» Natural latex

» Formaldehyde

» Diazomethane

» Chromium

» Nickel

» Bichromates

» Isocyanates

» Certain phenols

» Methyl Methacrylate

# 72

Preventive Actions» Minimize exposure

» Substitute products that do not contain sensitizers, if possible

» Wear appropriate hand protection when contacting

» Wash thoroughly when task is completed

» Minimize exposure to unknown chemicals

Sensitizer - Formaldehyde


» Carcinogen - Potential

» Appearance - Not available

» Has caused adverse reproductive and fetal effects in animals

» Finger nail decay

# 73

Health Hazards» Eyes - Irritation

» Skin - Irritation, thickening, sensitization, discoloration

» Ingestion - May be fatal, blindness

» Inhalation– Effects central nervous system

– Asthmatic attacks due to allergic sensitization

Sensitizer - Methyl Methacrylate


» Carcinogen - Yes

» Colorless liquid

» Sweet, sharp odor

» Reproductive and fetal effects

# 74


» Skin - Severe irritation, sensitization, dermatitis, destruction, ulceration

» Ingestion - Depression, kidney and liver damage, gastrointestinal irritation, allergic reaction

» Inhalation - Allergic respiratory reaction, effects similar to ingestion

Hematopoietic Damage

Hematopoietic Toxins (Blood)» Benzene

» Carbon Monoxide

» Ethylene oxide

» Lead

» Picric acid

» Xylene

# 75

Preventive Actions

Hematopoietic Toxin - Ethylene Oxide

General Information» 3M» Carcinogen - Suspected» Colorless gas» Sweet odor» Will burn without

presence of air or other oxidizers

» Do NOT incinerate cartridges

# 76

Health Hazards» Eyes - Severe injury» Skin - Irritation, dermatitis, and

chemical blisters

» Inhalation– Respiratory tract irritation

– Cumulative lung, liver, and kidney damage

– Mutagen/Suspect carcinogen

– Neurotoxic

Liver Damage

Hepatotoxins » Chloroform

» DDT

» p-Dichlorobenzene

» Ethylene oxide

» Inorganic arsenic

» Phenol (hydroxybenzene)

» Picric acid

» Toluene

» Xylene

# 77

Preventive Actions» Medical surveillance emphasizes

liver function

» Avoid activities known to damage the liver (e.g., heavy drinking)

Hepatotoxin - Xylene


» Carcinogen - Yes


» Aromatic odor

» Neurotoxic effects include permanent brain and nervous system damage

# 78

Health Hazards» Eyes - Severe irritation

» Skin - Irritation, defatting, dermatitis

» Ingestion - Central nervous system damage, kidney and liver damage, chemical pneumonitis (can be fatal)

» Inhalation - Respiratory tract irritation, chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema

Hepatotoxin - Xylene (Contd.)

General Information» No manufacturer listed

» Emergency Telephone None available

» Carcinogen -

» Colorless liquid

» Sweet, pleasant odor

» Ingestion or inhalation may be fatal

» Chronic effects include kidney and/or liver damage

# 79

Health Hazards» Eyes - Irritation» Skin - Irritation» Ingestion

– Gastro-intestinal irritation– Blurred vision– Lowering blood pressure

» Inhalation– Respiratory tract irritation– Narcosis– Headache, nausea, etc.

Kidney Damage

Nephrotoxins» Chemicals listed as

hepatotoxins

» Cadmium

» Turpentine

» Mercury

» Lead

# 80

Preventive Actions» Medical surveillance emphasizes

kidney function

» Reduce the hazard, substitute a less hazardous chemical, if possible

Nephrotoxin - Toluene


» Carcinogen - Yes

» Colorless liquid

» Sweetish, pleasant, aromatic odor

» Causes adverse reproductive and fetal effects in animals

# 81

Health Hazards» Eyes - Irritation (vapors), corneal

injury

» Skin - Irritation, dermatitis

» Ingestion - Digestive tract irritation, chemical pneumonitis (can be fatal)

» Inhalation– Respiratory tract irritation

– Cardiac sensitization and severe heart abnormalities

– Liver and kidney damage

Neurotoxins(Nervous System Damage)

Benzene sec-Butyl alcohol Carbon Monoxide DDT 1,2-Dichloroethylene Ethyl ether Ethylene oxide

# 82

Iodine Lead LPG Methyl Methacrylate Mercury Propane Toluene Xylene

Neurotoxins - Acrylamide


» Carcinogen - Yes

» White solid

» Odorless

# 83

Health Hazards» Eyes - Irritation, burns

» Skin - May be absorbed through skin, sensitizer

» Ingestion - Nervous system damage

» Inhalation - Respiratory tract irritation

Pulmonary System Toxins (Respiratory System Damage)

Acetic acid* Ammonia* Asbestos* Benzene n-Butyl alcohol Cadmium Chlorine p-Dichlorobenzene 1,2-Dichloroethylene Ethyl acetate Ethylene oxide* Ethyl ether Fluorine Formaldehyde*

# 84

Glutaraldehyde* Hexane Hydrogen peroxide Inorganic Arsenic Iodine LPG Isopropyl alcohol* Methyl Methacrylate* Mercury* Nitric acid Phosphoric acid Portland cement* Sulfuric acid Toluene*

Respiratory Toxins - Glutaraldehyde


» Carcinogen - No

» Colorless to light yellow liquid

» Pungent, sharp odor

» Causes adverse reproductive and fetal effects in animals

# 85

Health Hazards» Eyes - Severe irritation

» Skin - Sensitizer, dermatitis

» Ingestion - Digestive tract irritation, hemorrhaging, permanent damage to esophagus, digestive tract

» Inhalation

– Respiratory tract irritation

– Asthmatic attacks

– Liver abnormalities

Cutaneous Hazards(Skin Damage)

Acetic acid* Benzene n-Butyl alcohol Chloroform DDT p-Dichlorobenzene Ethyl Acetate Ethyl Ether Fluorine Formaldehyde* Freon* Glutaraldehyde* Hexane Hydrogen peroxide

# 86

Inorganic Arsenic Iodine Isopropyl alcohol* Methyl Methacrylate Mercury Nitric acid Phenol (hydroxybenzene) Phosphoric acid Picric acid Portland cement* Ribavirin* Toluene Sulfuric acid Xylene

Prevention of Chemical Injuries to Skin

Wear appropriate protective clothing» Gloves

» Lab coat

» Apron

» Face Shield

» Hood

# 87

Remove protective clothing properly

Dispose or launder protective clothing properly

Thoroughly wash hands and skin immediately after completion of task

Cutaneous - Sulfuric Acid


» Carcinogen - Yes

» Colorless liquid

» Odorless

» Remove contaminated clothing immediately

» Emergency response time is of the essence

» Get medical aid immediately

# 88

Health Hazards» Eyes - Severe burns, conjunctivitis,

irreversible injury

» Skin - Severe burns

» Ingestion - Chemical burns to respiratory tract

» Inhalation - Chemical burns to respiratory tract, nosebleeds, perforation of nasal septum

» Teeth - Erosion

Eye Hazards

Acetic acid* Ammonia* Benzene n-Butyl alcohol sec-Butyl alcohol Chloroform p-Dichlorobenzene 1,2-Dichloroethylene Ethyl Ether Ethyl Acetate Ethylene oxide* Freon* Nitric acid Formaldehyde*

# 89

Glutaraldehyde* Fluorine Hexane Hydrogen peroxide Iodine Isopropyl alcohol* Methyl Methacrylate* Mercury Phosphoric acid Picric acid Portland cement Ribavirin Sulfuric acid Xylene

Prevention of Chemical Injuries to Eyes

Wear appropriate eye protection» Safety glasses

» Goggles

» Face Shield

» Hood

# 90

Work near an eyewash Make sure eyewash is

operational Avoid working alone

Eye Hazard - Acetic Acid


» Carcinogen - No

» Colorless liquid

» Pungent, vinegar-like odor

» Flush eyes for 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids

» Get medical aid immediately

# 91

Health Hazards» Eyes - Severe irritation, irreversible

damage (vapors and liquid)

» Skin - Burns, dermatitis

» Ingestion - Severe pain, permanent damage to digestive tract

» Inhalation - Chemical burns to respiratory tract, chronic bronchitis

» Teeth - Erosion

Other Health Hazards

Teeth/Gums» Acetic acid» Lead» Nitric acid» Sulfuric acid

Cardiovascular System» Cadmium» Carbon Monoxide» Chloroform» Freon» Iodine

Lymphatic System» Inorganic Arsenic

# 92

Peripheral Nervous System» DDT» Freon

Bones/Bone Marrow» Benzene» Cadmium

Gastrointestinal Tract» Lead» Xylene

Mucous Membranes/Throat» Glutaraldehyde» Methyl Methacrylate

Hazardous Pharmaceuticals

If an MSDS cannot be obtained, the facility must document the efforts to obtain the MSDS

# 93

Detecting Effects ofHazardous Chemicals

Monitoring» Conducted periodically

» Continuous monitoring devices

» Visual appearance

» Odor

# 94

Documentation» Exposure records

» Medical records

Program Maintenance

Safety committee reviews - Annually Safety office updates - As necessary

» Submit comments to (insert)» Revised as necessary

List - Other facility procedures

# 95

Exposure of Family Members

Contaminants can cause health effects among worker’s families» Arsenic

» Asbestos

» Asthmagens and allergens

» Cadmium

» Chlorinated hydrocarbons

» Fibrous glass

» Infectious agents

» Lead

» Mercury

» Pesticides

# 96

Preventive actions» Reduce exposure - Use good

safety practices

» Leave soiled clothes at work

» Store work clothes away from nonwork clothes

» Change work clothes before leaving work

» Launder work clothes separately

» Shower before leaving work, if possible

» Do not take tools, scrap, packaging, etc. home

CHEMTREC

Emergency Telephone 800-424-9300

Spill control and fire fighting information

Emergency medical treatment information

Manufacturer, shipper, carrier contact

# 97

Chemical information from data base of 1.5 million MSDSs

Non-emergency inquires (9 a.m. - 6 p.m. EST) 800-262-8200

Summary

Review facility’s written program and inventory

Review health hazard information periodically

Ensure fume hoods and storage areas are effective

Wear appropriate PPE Reduce the hazard,

substitute a less hazardous chemical, if possible

# 98

Read label and MSDS, be able to quickly locate

Follow manufacturer’s guidance for chemical

Handle and dispose of chemicals properly

Store chemicals properly Assure safety committee

effectively addresses chemical hazards and hazard communication requirements

Summary (Contd.)

Chemicals may have multiple health hazards and can be synergistic

Review personal monitoring and medical records periodically

Visit employee health and employee assistance personnel, when necessary

# 99

Know facility emergency response procedures

Know facility policies concerning re-assignment

Do not inadvertently expose your family to workplace chemicals

Walk Around Portion of Training

Flammable Liquid Storage» Storage Cabinet

» Inside Storage Room

» Cut Off Room

» Outside Storage Area

# 100

Emergency Shower Emergency Eye Wash Proper storage of

compressed gas cylinders

Ventilation - Fume Hoods

hazard communication hazard communication # 1. introduction # 2 l objectives »to increase knowledge...

Documents

list of hazardous chemicals

hazards of chemicals

hazardous materials

hazardous chemical inventory

program maintenance

written program

cosmetic act

facility contact slide