The Age of Imperialism.TARGET: HAWAII

Hawaiian Flag introduced in 1845

Hawaiian Flag after the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1893

Flag re-adopted by the Republic of Hawaii in 1894

Chandni ShahBlock 4

Where is Hawaii?

Why Hawaii?Strategic Location along trade route to China (Fuel/rest stop)

Fertile soil (for the production of sugar duty-free)

Naval base – Pearl Harbor

Desire to prevent a European power from controlling it

TARGET: Annexation

Until the 1890’s…….

Hawaii was a RECOGNIZED independent sovereign nation.

Bayonet Constitution

King Kalakaua• Imposed by Hawaiian League• Restricted influence of the crown• Restricted rights of most Hawaiian “subjects” and citizens• Was forcibly pressured into signing the document

FUN FACT: King Kalakaua’s last words before he died were “Tell my people I tried”

Deposing Queen Liliuokalani• Tries to promote Hawaiian

Nationalism and tried to create a frame for a new constitution

“Hawaii for the Hawaiians”• American sugar growers organize a revolt against the queen in 1893

• John L. Stevens , American minister to Hawaii, was backed by heavily armed U.S. soldiers and marines

• Queen Liliokalani was arrested

• Sanford Dole became the provisional president of Hawaii

• The Blount Report – Report sent by President Cleveland to further investigate the overthrow of the kingdom of Hawaii

Political Cartoons

On points of bayonets soldiers are holding up a round platform upon which sits a caricature of Liliuokalani, feathers in her hair, crown askew, barefoot, holding a paper reading "scandalous government", and "gross immorality".

Political Cartoons (cont..)

AGAINST ANNEXATION“The people to whom your fathers told of the living God, and taught to call ‘Father’, and whom the sons now seek to despoil and destroy, are crying aloud to Him in their time of trouble; and He will keep His promise, and will listen to the voices of His Hawaiian children lamenting for their homes.” Queen Liliuokalani

“It is unnecessary to set forth the reasons which in January, 1893, led a considerable proportion of American and other foreign merchants and traders residing at Honolulu to favor the annexation of Hawaii to the United States.” President Grover Cleveland

President McKinley

In 1897 however, President McKinley officially annexed Hawaii, making it an American territory.