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Harlem by Langston Hughes What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up Like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore And then run?

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Harlem by Langston Hughes What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up Like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore And then run? Simile: comparing two things using like or as

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Blackberry Eating by Galway Kinnell I love to go out in late September among the fat, overripe, icy, black blackberries to eat blackberries for breakfast, the stalks very prickly, a penalty they earn for knowing the black art of blackberry-making;

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Blackberry Eating by Galway Kinnell I love to go out in late September among the fat, overripe, icy, black blackberries to eat blackberries for breakfast, the stalks very prickly, a penalty they earn for knowing the black art of blackberry-making; Alliteration: repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.

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From My Papas Waltz by Theodore Roethke The hand that held my wrist Was battered on one knuckle; At every step you missed My right ear scraped a buckle.

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From My Papas Waltz by Theodore Roethke The hand that held my wrist Was battered on one knuckle; At every step you missed My right ear scraped a buckle. Rhyme: similar sounds at the ends of lines

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From I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud by William Wordsworth Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They [daffodils] stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay; Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

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From I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud by William Wordsworth Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They [daffodils] stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay; Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. Imagery: creating images in your head appeals to the senses

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From I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud by William Wordsworth Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They [daffodils] stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay; Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. Personification: giving human characteristics to non- human things.

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Martin Luther King Jr. by Gwendolyn Brooks A man went forth with gifts. He was a prose poem. He was a tragic grace. He was a warm music.

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Martin Luther King Jr. by Gwendolyn Brooks A man went forth with gifts. He was a prose poem. He was a tragic grace. He was a warm music. Metaphor: comparing two things and making them equal.

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A contrast between what is stated and what is intended or between what is expected and what actually happens is called Irony

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The use of words to suggest the opposite of their usual meaning (Youre a great guy -- meant bitterly) is referred to as Verbal Irony

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This occurs when readers are aware of something that a character in a literary work does not know. Dramatic Irony

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This occurs when the outcome of an action or situation is quite different from what one expects. Situational Irony

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Wrote about womens issues in the late 1800s Used irony in her writing Story of an Hour was considered daring Kate Chopin

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Wrote A Psalm of Life and The Tide Rises, The Tide Falls A Psalm of Life is used at graduations Known as a fireside poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

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Wrote about struggles during the depression Famous novel The Grapes of Wrath The Turtle is an excerpt from this novel Wrote about the importance of perseverance John Steinbeck

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Poetry and short stories were dark Wrote about the dark side of the human mind Most famous poem is The Raven Edgar Allan Poe

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Recluse Dressed all in white Many poems written about death Poems can be sung to Gilligans Island theme song Emily Dickinson

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Wrote about the New England Landscape/Lifestyle Received 4 Pulitzer Prizes Read at JFKs Inauguration The Road Not Taken famous poem Robert Frost

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Wrote many poems about America including I Hear America Singing Used free verse in most of his writing Famous for Leaves of Grass one of the most highly regarded collections of poetry ever written Walt Whitman

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Famous Vietnam poet Wrote Facing It Yusef Komunyakaa

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Well-known author of Vietnam War Born in Austin, Minnesota Wrote The Things They Carried Tim OBrien

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List of authors: Chopin Longfellow Steinbeck Poe Dickinson Frost Komunyakaa OBrien Whitman

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Aristotle: Greek Philosopher 3 Appeals Logos Pathos Ethos

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Logos Logos (logical appeal) Uses reasons and evidence (facts, expert opinion) to convince the audience

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Pathos Often appeals to the audiences emotions (fear, compassion, pride, anger, shame, reverence)

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Ethos Makes the writer/speaker appear credible or believable

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Ethos -- Credibility affected by two factors: Competence how an audience regards a speakers intelligence, expertise, and knowledge of the subject Character how an audience regards a speakers sincerity, trustworthiness, and concern for the well-being of the audience

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An error in reasoning is called Fallacy

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That particular part of the audience that you want to reach with your speech is called Target Audience

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Poetry Recitations are Thursday! Bring a book to read. Any other questions?