hal steg ppt
TRANSCRIPT
SUBMITTED BY-ARPIT DWIVEDIROLL NO. 1113231056B.TECH FINAL YEAR ECE
SUBMITTED TO ELECTRONICS DEPARTMENT
An Industrialinteraction
PRESENTATIONON
SPECIAL TEST EQUIPMENT GROUP
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
DIVISIONS OF HAL
PRODUCT OF HAL
CUSTOMAR FROFILE
SPECIAL TEST EQUIPMENT GROUP
MULTI METER
FUNCTION GENERATOR
OSCILLOSCOPE
FLIGHT DATA RECORDER (FDR)
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION TO HINDUSTAN AERONAUTICS LIMITED
HINDUSTAN AERONAUTICS LIMITED CAME INTO EXISTENCE ON 1ST OCTOBER 1964.
THE COMPANY WAS FORMED BY THE MERGER OF “HINDUSTAN AIRCRAFT LIMITED” WITH “AERONAUTICS INDIA LIMITED” AND “AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING DEPOT, KANPUR”.
THE LATE “SETH WALCHAND HIRACHAND” ,WHO SETUP HINDUSTAN AIRCRAFT LIMITED AT BANGALORE IN ASSOCIATION WITH “ERSTWHILE PRINCLY STATE” OF MYSORE IN 1940.
DIVISIONS OF HAL
Fighter Aircraft1.Su-30 MKI2. Mig Series3.Tejas 4.Jaguar 5.MIRAGE -2000
Helicopters1.Dhruv 2.Cheetah 3.Chetak 4.Advanced Light HelicoptersUnmanned Aerial VehiclesEngines1.Lakshya PTA
Passenger Aircraft1.Dornier 2.Indian Regional Jet
Transport Aircraft1.Saras
Light Trainer Aircraft1.Kiran 2.Basant 3.Sitara
Glider1.HAL G-12.Ardhra
Satellite Launch Vehicles1.PSLV2.GSLV3.IRS4.INSAT
PRODUCTS OF HAL
CUSTOMER PROFILE
Air force
Army
Navy
Coast Guard
Flying Academics & Educational Institutions
Airlines / Air taxi / Air cargo
Defence R&D Laboratories / Department of Space
MULTI METER
What is a Digital Multimeter? A digital multimeter measures AC and/or DC voltage, resistance, and current in an electric circuit. It is highly accurate and displays an LCD number readout.
Test leads are used to connect the multimeter
to the circuit to be tested.
Test Leads
Test Lead Connections - Voltage
Plug the RED test lead into the jack labeled V/ and the BLACK test lead into the jack labeled COM (common).
The ohmmeter is used to
measure the resistance of a
component.
POWER CANNOT be
applied to the component
being tested.
The ohmmeter actually
applies a small voltage and
uses Ohm’s law to calculate
the resistance from the
measured current.
OHMMETER
Multimeter
This section measures resistance in ohms
Choose
2M
200k
20k
2k
200 ohms
Right now the leads are not touching.
What does the meter read?
What does that mean?
To measure a 220K Ohm resistor, what setting do you use?
200K?
What does the meter on the right read at the 200K setting?
A setting of 2M gives a reading of .222MΩ =
222K Ω which is within the tolerance for a 220 Ω resistor
Choose
2M
200k
20k
2k
200 ohms
Function generators provide us with different types of waveforms with different amplitudes and at different frequencies
The waves provided commonly are:
• Sine wave
• Triangular wave
• Saw tooth wave
• Square wave
Bi-Stable Multi-vibrator:
Two stable states (L+& L-)
vo=L+, when vi=VTH=-(R1/R2)L-
vo=L-, when vi=VTL=-(R1/R2)L+
R1=10 kΩ (variable)
R2=4 kΩ (fixed)
Both resistors to set the Thresholds which is actually amplitude of triangular wave
Iv
Vi (Vo of integrator) Vo
Integrator: Integrating the square wave to
produce triangular wave. Triangular wave at the output is
serving as trigger for B.M. The peak values of the triangular
wave are VTH and VTL. R=1 MΩ (variable, theoretical
design),(100 KΩ practically) C=0.01uF (Fixed) C and R providing time constant
to reach thresholds. Change R to vary frequency of
triangular wave
vi , vo of B.M.
vo
Inverting Amplifier:
This amplifier is basically acting as an attenuator
R4=1 kΩ (variable feedback resistor)
R3=1 kΩ (fixed resistor)
Output of B.M. is square wave with peak amplitudes as L+ and L-.
So for different amplitudes we need to attenuate it.
The circuit attenuates the square wave as closed loop gain –(R2/R1) will always be less than or equal to 1.
vi, sq wave vo, sq wave
Sine wave shaping network:
Input is triangular wave.
Input is straight line.
Due to exponential relation of the current in diodes, the straight line is converted into curve.
As there are two diodes for positive cycle as well as negative cycle, the output will be approximately a sine wave with three segments.
19
• What is an Oscilloscope?
Introduction A graph-displaying device of electrical signal
X axis: Time
Y axis: Voltage
Z axis: Intensity or brightness
20
Introduction Information given by oscilloscopes
Time and voltage
Frequency and phase
DC and AC components
Spectral analysis
Rise and fall time
Mathematical analysis
21
Control panel of an oscilloscope Vertical Section
Horizontal Section
Trigger Section
22
Basic setting Vertical system
attenuation or amplification of signal (volts/div)
Horizontal system
The Time base (sec/div)
Trigger system
To stabilize a repeating signal and to trigger on a single event
23
Analog oscilloscope Real-time display of signals
Block diagram
Sweep generator and vertical amplifier
Earthquake recorder
24
Digital oscilloscope Capture and view events
Digital storage oscilloscope (DSO)
25
Digital oscilloscope (contd.)
26
Sampling
Interpolation
The Black Box is a flight recorder used to record specific
aircraft performance parameters.
The first prototype FDR was produced in 1956 by Dr. David Warren of the then Aeronautical Research
Laboratories of Melbourne, Australia
INSIDE THE BLACK BOX :
Flight Data Recorder (FDR)
Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR)
The Flight data recorder (FDR) is designed to
record the operating data from the plane's
systems.
Parameters Recorded By Most FDRs:
Time
Pressure altitude
Airspeed
Vertical acceleration
Magnetic heading
Control-column position
Rudder-pedal position
Control-wheel position
Horizontal stabilizer
Fuel flow
Technology used for Recording and Storage:
Magnetic Tape
Solid-State Technology
Built To Survive:In many airline
accidents, the only devices that
survive are the Crash-survivable
memory units(CSMUs) of the
flight data recorders and cockpit voice
recorders. Typically, the rest of the recorders' chassis and inner components are
mangled.
Retrieving Information:
STEG is a company wide managerial tool that makes high quality Goods and Services your most important competitive edge now and in the future.
Through total Quality with the participation of all employees, including the president, any company can create better products (Service) at a lower cast, increase sales, improved profit and make the company into a better organisation.
It is a proud privilege to join HAL as a Vocational Trainee and to work in Navratna organisation, which provides support to Manufacture Defence Products, Fighter Trainer and Transport aircrafts.
CONCLUSION
Thank You
Any Queries??