guideline for hygeine_clp
TRANSCRIPT
Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm DbœqbmnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
Integration and facilitation of hygiene behavioural change interventions in the Chars Livelihoods Programme (CLP) in the 8 districts
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmcwieZ©b
Integration and facilitation of hygiene behavioural change interventions in the Chars Livelihoods Programme (CLP) in the 8 districts
Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm DbœqbmnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmcwieZ©b
Integration and facilitation of hygiene behavioural change interventions in the Chars Livelihoods Programme (CLP) in the 8 districts
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ŸGKwU Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖwZwU `‡j †mk‡b nvBwRb g‡W‡j D‡jøwLZ wbw`©ó msL¨K Kvh©µg gvme¨vcx Pj‡e| gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY Lvbv cwi`k©b Kivi gva¨‡g †`L‡eb evZ©v¸wj mwVK Ges h_vh_fv‡e cvwjZ n‡”Q wKbv Ges Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n KwgDwbwU‡Z Af¨v‡m cwiYZ n‡q‡Q wKbv| Z‡e mswkøó gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x‡`i wbweo ch©‡eÿ‡Y _vK‡Z n‡e †hb 4 gv‡mi g‡a¨ Aek¨B KwgDwbwUi RbMY evZ©v¸‡jv mwVKfv‡e ej‡Z cv‡ib Ges cwiev‡ii mK‡jB Af¨vm¸‡jv iß Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
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¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm/cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv (Hygiene)my¯’ Rxe‡bi Rb¨ wb‡R Ges wb‡Ri Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek‡K cwi”Qbœ Ges †iv‡Mi msµgY I Amy¯’¨Zv cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ †h Af¨vm PP©v Kiv nq ZvB ev ^v¯’¨vf¨vm/cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv ev nvBwRb|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v (Hygiene Education)¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v n‡”Q ^v¯’¨vf¨vm ev nvBwRb wel‡q m‡PZbZv e„wØi Rb¨ RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kiv|
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi (Hygiene promotion)¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi n‡jv AvPiY cwieZ©‡bi GKwU cÖwµqv A_ev e¨w³MZ AvPi‡Yi ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z ev BwZevPK cwieZ©‡bi GKwU mvgwMÖK cš’v|
(Sector development Plan-2011-2025)
nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© (Hygiene Framework)¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm welqK wbg©vY KvVv‡gvi Dci wfwË K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’vi Rb¨ nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii RvZxq †KŠkjcÎ Zwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| wbg©vY KvVv‡gvi Rb¨ 3 wU g~j Dcv`vb n‡jv:
1. mnRjf¨Zv
2. nvBwRb cÖmvi I
3. AbyKzj cwi‡ek
GB 3wU Dcv`v‡bi mgš^‡q MwVZ GKwU mgwš^Z Kg©m~wP n‡jv ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm (Hygiene) m¤ú‡K© aviYv
mvaviYZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm ej‡Z cwi®‹vi cwiQbœZvi gva¨‡g msµvgb cÖwZ‡iva‡K eySvq| wKš‘ cÖK…Z A‡_© ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm n‡jv ¯^v¯’¨ I ¯^v¯’¨Ki Rxeb hvcb Kivi wewa-weavb| ¯^v¯’¨wewai cwimi e¨w³MZ ch©vq †_‡K M„n¯’vwj n‡q †ckvMZ Ges Rb¯^v¯’¨ ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z| GQvovI ^v¯’¨m¤§Z Lvevi, cwi®‹vi-cwiQbœZv Ges gvbwmK ^v‡¯’¨i mv‡_I m¤úK©hy³| nvBwRb ej‡Z, Amy¯’¨Zv ev †iv‡Mi we¯Ívi cÖwZ‡iv‡a e¨w³ I Zvi cvwicvwk¦K cwi‡ek cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ ivLv‡K eySvq|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm (Hygiene) nvBwRb (Hygiene) kãwU MÖxK Hygienous †_‡K G‡m‡Q hvi A_© n‡”Q ^v¯’¨ m¤úwK©Z ev my-¯^v¯’¨ msiÿY| A_©vr my¯’ Rxe‡bi Rb¨ wb‡R Ges wb‡Ri Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek‡K cwi”Qbœ Ges †iv‡Mi msµgb I Amy¯’¨Zv cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ †h Af¨vm PP©v Kiv nq ZvB nvBwRb ev ^v¯’¨f¨vm|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v (Hygiene Education)¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v n‡”Q ^v¯’¨vf¨vm ev nvBwRb wel‡q m‡PZbZv e„wØi Rb¨ RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kiv| mbvZb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶vq wmØvšÍ MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv I vwqZ¡ Rb‡Mvwô‡K †`qv nq bv A_ev jw¶Z Rb‡Mvwôi ms¯‹…wZi K_v wPšÍv Kiv nq bv| wKš‘ GLv‡b Ávbvfve Ges Af¨vm GB wek¦v‡mi Dci cÖwZwôZ †h, hw` RbMY‡K ïaygvÎ Zv‡`i fMœ¯^v‡¯’¨i KviY m¤ú‡K© ejv nq Zvn‡j Zviv wbR D‡`¨v‡MB AvPiY cwieZ©b Ki‡e| aviYv Kiv nq †h, hLb RbMY eyS‡Z cvi‡e wKfv‡e m¨vwb‡Ukb ev cqtwb®‹vkb m¤úwK©Z †ivM¸‡jv Qovq ZLbB ^v¯’¨Ki Af¨vm¸‡jv Zviv MÖnY Ki‡e|
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi (Hygiene promotion)nvBwRb cÖmvi n‡”Q wKQy mnvqK I MÖnY‡hvM¨ †KŠkj hv nvBwRb welqK Z_¨ Ávb e„wØi cvkvcvwk e¨w³i Af¨vm ev AvPi‡Yi BwZevPK cwieZ©b NUvq| nvBwRb †cÖvgkb GKwU e„nËi ¯^v‡¯’¨vbœqb Kg©m~wPi Ask we‡kl hv ¯^v‡¯’¨i KvVv‡gvMZ welq¸‡jvi cÖwZ bRi †`q| cvkvcvwk RbM‡Yi e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨ I A‡b¨i ¯^v¯’¨ msµvšÍ welq¸‡jv wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i ¶gZv I AvZ¥wek¦vm RvMv‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| mwZ¨Kv‡ii ^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY n‡”Q Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv hv e¨w³ Ges Rb‡Mvwô‡K Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Rxe‡bi cwieZ©‡bi cvkvcvwk Zv‡`i mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK Ges cvwicvwk¦©K Ae¯’vi cwieZ©‡bI f‚wgKv iv‡L| nvBwRb cÖmvi g~jZt wb‡¤œv³ †ÿÎmgy‡ni mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³:
1. m¨vwb‡Ukb nvBwRb ev gvby‡li cqteR©¨ AcmviY;2. IqvUvi nvBwRb- wbivc` cvwbi Drm wbe©vPb, e¨envi I myiÿv;3. cvi‡mvbvj nvBwRb-e¨w³MZ ^v¯’¨cwiPh©v (FZzKvjxb ^v¯’¨vf¨vmmn);4. dzW nvBwRb- Lv`¨ Zwi, MÖnY I cwi‡ekbv; Ges5. Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj nvBwRb- M„n¯’vjx I cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm (†QvU b`©gv I cvwievwiK eR© e¨e¯’vcbv)|
(National Hygiene Promotion Strategy: 2012)
nvBwRb cmÖ vi AšfÍ ³©~ K‡i H mKj †KŠkj hv Drmvn cÖ vb I mnRZi K‡i GKwU cwÖ µqv‡K hvi mvnv‡h¨ RbMY wbiæcb K‡i, we‡ePbvcmÖ Z~ cQ›` K‡i, vwe K‡i, KvhK© i Ges †UKmB K‡i nvBwRbMZ I v¯’ m¤§Z Af¨vm| GwU cwiwaf³z K‡i e¨w³MZ, Mvn© ’ I cwi‡ekMZ nvBwRb cmÖ vi mswkóø Af¨vm¸‡jv‡K Ges †Kvb Kg© ev D‡`¨vM‡K hv †ivM-e¨wai weiæ‡× mw„ ó K‡i cwÖ ZeÜKZv| ÔnvBwRb cmÖ viÕ-‡K cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ukb-Gi mv‡_ we‡klfv‡e m¤úKh© ³y Kiv n‡q‡Q|
(National Hygiene Promotion Strategy: 2012)
Hygiene promotion includes strategies that encourage or facilitate a process whereby people assess, make considered choices, demand, effect, and sustain hygienic and healthy behaviors.
This encompasses personal, domestic, and environmental hygiene practices and any action or initiative taken to erect barriers to diseases.
In this strategy paper, the ‘Hygiene Promotion’ is considered particularly related to water supply and sanitation.
(National Hygiene Promotion Strategy: 2012)
cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb RwbZ †ivM-e¨vwa cÖwZ‡iva
mÿgZv AbyKzj
bxwZgvjv Dbœqb;Rb‡Mvôxi msMVb;
cÖvwZôvwbK ÿgZvqb Iwewb‡qvM|
Source: National Hygiene Promotion Strategy 2012
nvW©Iq¨vi DcKi‡Y AwfMg¨Zv
cvwb mieivn cÖYvjx:m¨vwb‡Ukb myweavw`;
cÖhyw³: nvBwRb wKU I Ab¨vb¨ `ªe¨vw`
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi
AvPiY cwieZ©b Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM (wewmwm);
DbœZ mvgvwRK wbqgvPvi;Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY; mvgvwRK wecYb I
G¨vW‡fv‡Kwm|
Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv04 05Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm/cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv (Hygiene)my¯’ Rxe‡bi Rb¨ wb‡R Ges wb‡Ri Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek‡K cwi”Qbœ Ges †iv‡Mi msµgY I Amy¯’¨Zv cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ †h Af¨vm PP©v Kiv nq ZvB ev ^v¯’¨vf¨vm/cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv ev nvBwRb|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v (Hygiene Education)¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v n‡”Q ^v¯’¨vf¨vm ev nvBwRb wel‡q m‡PZbZv e„wØi Rb¨ RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kiv|
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi (Hygiene promotion)¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi n‡jv AvPiY cwieZ©‡bi GKwU cÖwµqv A_ev e¨w³MZ AvPi‡Yi ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z ev BwZevPK cwieZ©‡bi GKwU mvgwMÖK cš’v|
(Sector development Plan-2011-2025)
nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© (Hygiene Framework)¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm welqK wbg©vY KvVv‡gvi Dci wfwË K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’vi Rb¨ nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii RvZxq †KŠkjcÎ Zwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| wbg©vY KvVv‡gvi Rb¨ 3 wU g~j Dcv`vb n‡jv:
1. mnRjf¨Zv
2. nvBwRb cÖmvi I
3. AbyKzj cwi‡ek
GB 3wU Dcv`v‡bi mgš^‡q MwVZ GKwU mgwš^Z Kg©m~wP n‡jv ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm (Hygiene) m¤ú‡K© aviYv
mvaviYZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm ej‡Z cwi®‹vi cwiQbœZvi gva¨‡g msµvgb cÖwZ‡iva‡K eySvq| wKš‘ cÖK…Z A‡_© ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm n‡jv ¯^v¯’¨ I ¯^v¯’¨Ki Rxeb hvcb Kivi wewa-weavb| ¯^v¯’¨wewai cwimi e¨w³MZ ch©vq †_‡K M„n¯’vwj n‡q †ckvMZ Ges Rb¯^v¯’¨ ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z| GQvovI ^v¯’¨m¤§Z Lvevi, cwi®‹vi-cwiQbœZv Ges gvbwmK ^v‡¯’¨i mv‡_I m¤úK©hy³| nvBwRb ej‡Z, Amy¯’¨Zv ev †iv‡Mi we¯Ívi cÖwZ‡iv‡a e¨w³ I Zvi cvwicvwk¦K cwi‡ek cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ ivLv‡K eySvq|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm (Hygiene) nvBwRb (Hygiene) kãwU MÖxK Hygienous †_‡K G‡m‡Q hvi A_© n‡”Q ^v¯’¨ m¤úwK©Z ev my-¯^v¯’¨ msiÿY| A_©vr my¯’ Rxe‡bi Rb¨ wb‡R Ges wb‡Ri Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek‡K cwi”Qbœ Ges †iv‡Mi msµgb I Amy¯’¨Zv cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ †h Af¨vm PP©v Kiv nq ZvB nvBwRb ev ^v¯’¨f¨vm|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v (Hygiene Education)¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v n‡”Q ^v¯’¨vf¨vm ev nvBwRb wel‡q m‡PZbZv e„wØi Rb¨ RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kiv| mbvZb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶vq wmØvšÍ MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv I vwqZ¡ Rb‡Mvwô‡K †`qv nq bv A_ev jw¶Z Rb‡Mvwôi ms¯‹…wZi K_v wPšÍv Kiv nq bv| wKš‘ GLv‡b Ávbvfve Ges Af¨vm GB wek¦v‡mi Dci cÖwZwôZ †h, hw` RbMY‡K ïaygvÎ Zv‡`i fMœ¯^v‡¯’¨i KviY m¤ú‡K© ejv nq Zvn‡j Zviv wbR D‡`¨v‡MB AvPiY cwieZ©b Ki‡e| aviYv Kiv nq †h, hLb RbMY eyS‡Z cvi‡e wKfv‡e m¨vwb‡Ukb ev cqtwb®‹vkb m¤úwK©Z †ivM¸‡jv Qovq ZLbB ^v¯’¨Ki Af¨vm¸‡jv Zviv MÖnY Ki‡e|
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi (Hygiene promotion)nvBwRb cÖmvi n‡”Q wKQy mnvqK I MÖnY‡hvM¨ †KŠkj hv nvBwRb welqK Z_¨ Ávb e„wØi cvkvcvwk e¨w³i Af¨vm ev AvPi‡Yi BwZevPK cwieZ©b NUvq| nvBwRb †cÖvgkb GKwU e„nËi ¯^v‡¯’¨vbœqb Kg©m~wPi Ask we‡kl hv ¯^v‡¯’¨i KvVv‡gvMZ welq¸‡jvi cÖwZ bRi †`q| cvkvcvwk RbM‡Yi e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨ I A‡b¨i ¯^v¯’¨ msµvšÍ welq¸‡jv wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i ¶gZv I AvZ¥wek¦vm RvMv‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| mwZ¨Kv‡ii ^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY n‡”Q Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv hv e¨w³ Ges Rb‡Mvwô‡K Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Rxe‡bi cwieZ©‡bi cvkvcvwk Zv‡`i mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK Ges cvwicvwk¦©K Ae¯’vi cwieZ©‡bI f‚wgKv iv‡L| nvBwRb cÖmvi g~jZt wb‡¤œv³ †ÿÎmgy‡ni mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³:
1. m¨vwb‡Ukb nvBwRb ev gvby‡li cqteR©¨ AcmviY;2. IqvUvi nvBwRb- wbivc` cvwbi Drm wbe©vPb, e¨envi I myiÿv;3. cvi‡mvbvj nvBwRb-e¨w³MZ ^v¯’¨cwiPh©v (FZzKvjxb ^v¯’¨vf¨vmmn);4. dzW nvBwRb- Lv`¨ Zwi, MÖnY I cwi‡ekbv; Ges5. Gbfvqib‡g›Uvj nvBwRb- M„n¯’vjx I cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm (†QvU b`©gv I cvwievwiK eR© e¨e¯’vcbv)|
(National Hygiene Promotion Strategy: 2012)
nvBwRb cmÖ vi AšfÍ ³©~ K‡i H mKj †KŠkj hv Drmvn cÖ vb I mnRZi K‡i GKwU cwÖ µqv‡K hvi mvnv‡h¨ RbMY wbiæcb K‡i, we‡ePbvcmÖ Z~ cQ›` K‡i, vwe K‡i, KvhK© i Ges †UKmB K‡i nvBwRbMZ I v¯’ m¤§Z Af¨vm| GwU cwiwaf³z K‡i e¨w³MZ, Mvn© ’ I cwi‡ekMZ nvBwRb cmÖ vi mswkóø Af¨vm¸‡jv‡K Ges †Kvb Kg© ev D‡`¨vM‡K hv †ivM-e¨wai weiæ‡× mw„ ó K‡i cwÖ ZeÜKZv| ÔnvBwRb cmÖ viÕ-‡K cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ukb-Gi mv‡_ we‡klfv‡e m¤úKh© ³y Kiv n‡q‡Q|
(National Hygiene Promotion Strategy: 2012)
Hygiene promotion includes strategies that encourage or facilitate a process whereby people assess, make considered choices, demand, effect, and sustain hygienic and healthy behaviors.
This encompasses personal, domestic, and environmental hygiene practices and any action or initiative taken to erect barriers to diseases.
In this strategy paper, the ‘Hygiene Promotion’ is considered particularly related to water supply and sanitation.
(National Hygiene Promotion Strategy: 2012)
cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb RwbZ †ivM-e¨vwa cÖwZ‡iva
mÿgZv AbyKzj
bxwZgvjv Dbœqb;Rb‡Mvôxi msMVb;
cÖvwZôvwbK ÿgZvqb Iwewb‡qvM|
Source: National Hygiene Promotion Strategy 2012
nvW©Iq¨vi DcKi‡Y AwfMg¨Zv
cvwb mieivn cÖYvjx:m¨vwb‡Ukb myweavw`;
cÖhyw³: nvBwRb wKU I Ab¨vb¨ `ªe¨vw`
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi
AvPiY cwieZ©b Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM (wewmwm);
DbœZ mvgvwRK wbqgvPvi;Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY; mvgvwRK wecYb I
G¨vW‡fv‡Kwm|
Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv04 05Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb RwbZ †ivM-e¨vwa cÖwZ‡iva KvVv‡gv
nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii (Hygiene Domains) †ÿÎmgyn¯^v¯’¨MZ AvPiY I mvgvwRK wbqgbxwZi cÖfv‡e †h mKj †ivM-e¨vwa we¯Ívi jvf K‡i Zvi Avw½‡K nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii †ÿÎmgyn‡K e„nËi 5 wU †kÖYx‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb-
1. m¨vwb‡Ukb nvBwRb ev gvby‡li cqteR© e¨e¯’vcbv/AcmviY;
2. IqvUvi nvBwRb-wbivc` cvwbi Drm wbe©vPb, e¨envi I iÿYv‡eÿY;
3. e¨w³MZ ^v¯’¨ cwiPh©v (FZzKvjxb ^v¯’¨vf¨vmmn);
4. dzW nvBwRb- Lvevi Zwi I e¨envi;
5. cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm- cvwievwiK I cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm (†QvU b`©gv I cvwievwiK eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv)|
nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii wb‡`©kK bxwZgvjv (Guiding Princles)RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q m‡e©v”P mdj I Kvh©Ki ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi Kg©m~wP m¤ú‡K© Ávb Avni‡Yi †cÖwÿ‡Z Kg©m~wPi mKj ch©v‡q I ͇i AbymiYxq †gŠwjK bxwZmgyn n‡jv-
ŸcÖv_wgKfv‡e †eu‡P _vKv I my¯^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wbivc` cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb Kg©m~wPi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e|
ŸcwiKíbv cÖYqb, ev¯Íevqb I gwbUwis cÖwµqvq Ges GjvKv wfwËK ˆewk‡ó¨i †cÖÿvc‡U mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK I cÖhyw³MZ h_v_©Zvq mKj Kg©Kv‡Ði †K‡›`ª _vK‡e Rb‡Mvwô|
Ÿ†mev cÖ`vbKvix I Kg©m~wP cÖYqbKvix KZ…©cÿ we‡Kw›`ªK…Z n‡e|
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm AbykxjbB n‡”Q m¤§vb I gh©v`v|
Ÿ†UKmB ^v¯’¨vf¨vm PP©vi Rb¨ Pvwn`v m„wó|
Ÿgvb Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ wewb‡qvM I Askx`vwiZ¡ m„wó Ges †UKmB Kivi Rb¨ m‡PZbZv e„w×, mÿgZv AR©b, nvBwRb cÖmvi, ’vbxq m¤ú‡`i e¨envi Ges A_©ms¯’vb c×wZ m„Rb|
Ÿ†RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj c×wZ‡Z gwnjv, evwjKv I wkï‡`i mywbw`ó Pvwn`v wbY©q|
ŸRiæix Ae¯’v †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ|
ŸcÖwZeÜxevÜe c×wZ‡Z wewfbœ gvÎvq gwnjv cyiæl I wkï‡`i mgm¨v †gvKv‡ejv|
Av_©-mvgvwRK cÖfve
Ÿcvwb I gj evwnZ †iv‡Mi g‡a¨ m‡e©v”P ~N©Ubvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q- Wvqwiqv, K…wg msµvgb I k¦vm-cÖk¦vm RwbZ ~lb;
ŸAch©vß m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi Kvi‡Y cÖwZ eQi Avgv‡`i RvZxq A_©bxwZi 5.3% ÿwZ nq;
ŸAKvj g„Z¨i Kvi‡Y cÖwZ eQi Avgv‡`i †`‡k 195 wewjqb-Gi †ekx A_©‰bwZK ÿwZ nq;
ŸcÖwZ eQi Avgv‡`i †`‡k 31.9 wewjqb gvby‡li ^v¯’¨ welqK ÿwZ nq (evwo‡Z, K‡g© I ‹z‡j mgq AcPq);
ŸDbœZ cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb my‡hvM-myweav 99% Wvqwiqv †ivM, 90% Avgvkq †ivM Ges 51% K…wg msµvgY †ivM Kwg‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i;
ŸLvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv wkï‡`i Wvqwiqv RwbZ †ivM I g„Z¨i nvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i Kwg‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i|
(Source: National Hygiene Promotion Strategy 2012)
nvBwRb g¨vwUª· (Hygiene Matrix)
nvBwRb g¨vwUª· nvBwRb g‡W‡ji GKwU iæZ¡c~Y© Ask we‡kl| nvBwRb g‡W‡ji iæZ¡c~Y© Askmgyn wb‡¤œ †`Lv‡bv n‡jv:
Bmy¨
1nvZ †avqv
2¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv
3wbivc` cvwb
(WSP-Gi
Av‡jv‡K)
evZ©v c×wZ Uzj/DcKiYmgq
1. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
2. cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
3. cwiev‡ii mevB †kŠPKvh© Kivi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
4. wkïi gj cwi¯‹vi I †kŠPKvh© Kiv‡bvi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
5. †Mvqvj Ni cwi®‹vi Kivi ci/ KxUbvkK e¨env‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
1. cwiev‡ii mevB ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
2. m¨v‡Ûj cv‡q w`‡q cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
3. cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii ci wbqwgZ Zv cwi¯‹vi I iÿYv‡eÿY Kwi
1. Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivwL
2. cvwb fivi Av‡M Kjm/cv‡Îi wfZi-evwni fv‡jvfv‡e †g‡S ay‡q †bB
3. cvwb en‡bi mgq XvKbv w`‡q †X‡K Avwb
4. cvwbi cvÎ/Kjm DuPz ¯’v‡b †X‡K ivwL
5. wbivc` Dcv‡q cvwb cvb Kwi
DVvb ˆeVK
†Mgm
†jvK msMxZ, MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
DVvb ˆeVK
ivYx-iwe
†jvK msMxZ, MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
DVvb ˆeVK
†Mgm
†jvK msMxZ, MYmgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
cU
d¬vk KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_ †evW© mvevb
I cvwb
cU
d¬vk KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_ †evW©, mvevb
I cvwb
cU
d¬vk KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_ †evW©, mvevb
I cvwb
4 gvm
4 gvm
4 gvm
jwÿZRb‡Mvôx
cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
gva¨g/`j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j
msMxZ `j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j
msMxZ `j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j msMxZ `j
06 07Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb RwbZ †ivM-e¨vwa cÖwZ‡iva KvVv‡gv
nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii (Hygiene Domains) †ÿÎmgyn¯^v¯’¨MZ AvPiY I mvgvwRK wbqgbxwZi cÖfv‡e †h mKj †ivM-e¨vwa we¯Ívi jvf K‡i Zvi Avw½‡K nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii †ÿÎmgyn‡K e„nËi 5 wU †kÖYx‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb-
1. m¨vwb‡Ukb nvBwRb ev gvby‡li cqteR© e¨e¯’vcbv/AcmviY;
2. IqvUvi nvBwRb-wbivc` cvwbi Drm wbe©vPb, e¨envi I iÿYv‡eÿY;
3. e¨w³MZ ^v¯’¨ cwiPh©v (FZzKvjxb ^v¯’¨vf¨vmmn);
4. dzW nvBwRb- Lvevi Zwi I e¨envi;
5. cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm- cvwievwiK I cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm (†QvU b`©gv I cvwievwiK eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv)|
nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii wb‡`©kK bxwZgvjv (Guiding Princles)RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q m‡e©v”P mdj I Kvh©Ki ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi Kg©m~wP m¤ú‡K© Ávb Avni‡Yi †cÖwÿ‡Z Kg©m~wPi mKj ch©v‡q I ͇i AbymiYxq †gŠwjK bxwZmgyn n‡jv-
ŸcÖv_wgKfv‡e †eu‡P _vKv I my¯^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wbivc` cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb Kg©m~wPi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e|
ŸcwiKíbv cÖYqb, ev¯Íevqb I gwbUwis cÖwµqvq Ges GjvKv wfwËK ˆewk‡ó¨i †cÖÿvc‡U mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK I cÖhyw³MZ h_v_©Zvq mKj Kg©Kv‡Ði †K‡›`ª _vK‡e Rb‡Mvwô|
Ÿ†mev cÖ`vbKvix I Kg©m~wP cÖYqbKvix KZ…©cÿ we‡Kw›`ªK…Z n‡e|
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm AbykxjbB n‡”Q m¤§vb I gh©v`v|
Ÿ†UKmB ^v¯’¨vf¨vm PP©vi Rb¨ Pvwn`v m„wó|
Ÿgvb Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ wewb‡qvM I Askx`vwiZ¡ m„wó Ges †UKmB Kivi Rb¨ m‡PZbZv e„w×, mÿgZv AR©b, nvBwRb cÖmvi, ’vbxq m¤ú‡`i e¨envi Ges A_©ms¯’vb c×wZ m„Rb|
Ÿ†RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj c×wZ‡Z gwnjv, evwjKv I wkï‡`i mywbw`ó Pvwn`v wbY©q|
ŸRiæix Ae¯’v †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ|
ŸcÖwZeÜxevÜe c×wZ‡Z wewfbœ gvÎvq gwnjv cyiæl I wkï‡`i mgm¨v †gvKv‡ejv|
Av_©-mvgvwRK cÖfve
Ÿcvwb I gj evwnZ †iv‡Mi g‡a¨ m‡e©v”P ~N©Ubvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q- Wvqwiqv, K…wg msµvgb I k¦vm-cÖk¦vm RwbZ ~lb;
ŸAch©vß m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi Kvi‡Y cÖwZ eQi Avgv‡`i RvZxq A_©bxwZi 5.3% ÿwZ nq;
ŸAKvj g„Z¨i Kvi‡Y cÖwZ eQi Avgv‡`i †`‡k 195 wewjqb-Gi †ekx A_©‰bwZK ÿwZ nq;
ŸcÖwZ eQi Avgv‡`i †`‡k 31.9 wewjqb gvby‡li ^v¯’¨ welqK ÿwZ nq (evwo‡Z, K‡g© I ‹z‡j mgq AcPq);
ŸDbœZ cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb my‡hvM-myweav 99% Wvqwiqv †ivM, 90% Avgvkq †ivM Ges 51% K…wg msµvgY †ivM Kwg‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i;
ŸLvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv wkï‡`i Wvqwiqv RwbZ †ivM I g„Z¨i nvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i Kwg‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i|
(Source: National Hygiene Promotion Strategy 2012)
nvBwRb g¨vwUª· (Hygiene Matrix)
nvBwRb g¨vwUª· nvBwRb g‡W‡ji GKwU iæZ¡c~Y© Ask we‡kl| nvBwRb g‡W‡ji iæZ¡c~Y© Askmgyn wb‡¤œ †`Lv‡bv n‡jv:
Bmy¨
1nvZ †avqv
2¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv
3wbivc` cvwb
(WSP-Gi
Av‡jv‡K)
evZ©v c×wZ Uzj/DcKiYmgq
1. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
2. cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
3. cwiev‡ii mevB †kŠPKvh© Kivi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
4. wkïi gj cwi¯‹vi I †kŠPKvh© Kiv‡bvi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
5. †Mvqvj Ni cwi®‹vi Kivi ci/ KxUbvkK e¨env‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
1. cwiev‡ii mevB ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
2. m¨v‡Ûj cv‡q w`‡q cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
3. cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii ci wbqwgZ Zv cwi¯‹vi I iÿYv‡eÿY Kwi
1. Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivwL
2. cvwb fivi Av‡M Kjm/cv‡Îi wfZi-evwni fv‡jvfv‡e †g‡S ay‡q †bB
3. cvwb en‡bi mgq XvKbv w`‡q †X‡K Avwb
4. cvwbi cvÎ/Kjm DuPz ¯’v‡b †X‡K ivwL
5. wbivc` Dcv‡q cvwb cvb Kwi
DVvb ˆeVK
†Mgm
†jvK msMxZ, MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
DVvb ˆeVK
ivYx-iwe
†jvK msMxZ, MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
DVvb ˆeVK
†Mgm
†jvK msMxZ, MYmgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
cU
d¬vk KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_ †evW© mvevb
I cvwb
cU
d¬vk KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_ †evW©, mvevb
I cvwb
cU
d¬vk KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_ †evW©, mvevb
I cvwb
4 gvm
4 gvm
4 gvm
jwÿZRb‡Mvôx
cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
gva¨g/`j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j
msMxZ `j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j
msMxZ `j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j msMxZ `j
06 07Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
Bmy¨ evZ©v c×wZ Uzj/DcKiYmgq jwÿZRb‡Mvôx
gva¨g/`j
4. e¨w³MZ
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
5.cwi‡ekMZ
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm1. b¨vcwKb/cwi¯‹vi Kvco
e¨envi Kwi2. e¨eüZ Kvco mvevb w`‡q
aBy I †iŠ‡ ª ïKvB3. mwVK Dcv‡q Kvco
msiÿY Kwi
e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv 1. cwiev‡ii mK‡j iv‡Z
Nygv‡Z hvIqvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci `uvZ eªvk Kwi
2. cwiev‡ii mK‡j wbqwgZ bL KvwU
1. evwoi Pvicvk I †Nvqvj Ni cwi¯‹vi ivwL
2. cvwievwiK AveR©bv K‡¤úv÷ M‡Z© ivwL
DVvb ˆeVK
DVvb ˆeVK,†jvK msMxZ, MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
DVvb ˆeVK,†jvK msMxZ, MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
d¬vk KvW©
d¬vk KvW© I w÷Kvi
d¬vk KvW© I w÷Kvi
1 gvm
1 gvm
2 gvm
wK‡kvix I gv
cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
wkïmn cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I wK‡kvix `j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j, msMxZ `j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j, msMxZ `j
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
5wU evZ©v
DcKiY
cU, d¬vk KvW©, w¯ŒÞ
I kc_ †evW©
c×wZ
DVvb ˆeVK, †Mgm,
†jvK msMxZ
gva¨g
gv `j
wbivc` cvwb 4 gvm cÖ‡qvRb
cwie
v‡ii
mKj
m`m¨
2wU
evZ©v
DcKiY
d¬vk
KvW
© Iw÷
Kvi
c×wZ
†jvK
msM
xZ I
MY m
gv‡e
kgv
a¨g
gv I
wkï
msMx
Z `
jcw
i‡ek
MZcw
i”Qb
œZv
2 gvm cÖ‡qvRb
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
3wU evZ©v
DcKiY
cU, d¬vk K
vW©, w¯ŒÞ
I kc_ †evW©
c×wZ
DVvb ˆeVK, †Mgm,
†jvK msMxZ
gva¨g
gv I wkï
msMxZ `j
m¨vwb‡Ukb
4 gvm cÖ‡qvRb
cwiev‡iimKj m`m¨
5wU evZ©v
DcKiYcU, d¬vk KvW©, w¯ŒÞ
I kc_ †evW©
c×wZDVvb ˆeVK, †Mgm,
†jvK msMxZ
gva¨ggv I wkïmsMxZ `j
nvZ †avqv
4 gv
m c
Ö‡qvR
b
wK‡kvix I gv
5wU evZ©v
DcKiY d¬vk KvW© I w÷Kvic×wZ DVvb ˆeV
Kgva¨g gv I wK
‡kvixe¨w³
MZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
2 gvm cÖ‡qvRb
5 Bmy
nvBwRb g‡Wj (Hygiene Model) WvqvMÖvg
nvBwRb g¨vwUª· nvBwRb g‡W‡ji GKwU iæZ¡c~Y© Ask we‡kl| nvBwRb g¨vwUª· gvV ch©v‡q ev¯Íevq‡bi GKwU †KŠkjMZ w`K wb‡`©kbvB n‡jv nvBwRb g‡Wj|
08 09Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
1. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
2. cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
3. cwiev‡ii mevB †kŠPKvh© Kivi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
4. wkïi gj cwi®‹vi I †kŠPKvh© Kiv‡bvi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
5. †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi c‡i I KxUbvkK e¨env‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q `By nvZ aBy
1.ev
woi
Pvic
vk I
†Mv
qvjN
i
cwi®
‹vi i
vwL
2.cv
wiev
wiK A
veR©bv
K‡¤
úv÷
ˆZwi
i M‡
Z© i
vwL
1.cwiev‡ii mevB ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z
cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
2.cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii c‡i
wbqwgZ cwi®‹vi I
iÿYv‡eÿ
Y Kwi
3.m¨v‡Û
j cv‡q w`‡q cvqLvbv
e¨envi Kwi
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨‡m
ev
1.FZzKvjxb m
g‡q b¨vc
wKb ev c
wi®‹vi
Kvco e¨envi
Kwi|
2.e¨eüZ Kvco mvevb
I cwi®‹vi
cvwb
w`‡q ayB
|3.e¨e
üZ Kvco †avqvi
ci †iŠ‡`ª
fv‡jvfv‡e
ïKvB|
cwi‡ek cwi”Q
bœZv
4.e¨eüZ Kvco mwVK
Dcv‡q msiÿ
Y
Kwi| 5.e¨eüZ b¨v
cwKb ev c
wiZ¨³ Kvco
wbw`©ó M
‡Z© cy‡Z ivwL|
1.Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivwL
2.cvwb fivi Av‡M Kjm ev cv‡Îi wfZi-
evwni fv‡jvfv‡e †g‡R ay‡q †bB
3.cvwb en‡bi mgq XvKbv w`‡q †X‡K
Avwb
4.cvwbi Kjm ev cvÎ DuPz ’v‡b †X‡K ivwL
5.wbivc` Dcv‡q cvwb cvb Kwi
Bmy¨ evZ©v c×wZ Uzj/DcKiYmgq jwÿZRb‡Mvôx
gva¨g/`j
4. e¨w³MZ
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
5.cwi‡ekMZ
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm1. b¨vcwKb/cwi¯‹vi Kvco
e¨envi Kwi2. e¨eüZ Kvco mvevb w`‡q
aBy I †iŠ‡ ª ïKvB3. mwVK Dcv‡q Kvco
msiÿY Kwi
e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv 1. cwiev‡ii mK‡j iv‡Z
Nygv‡Z hvIqvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci `uvZ eªvk Kwi
2. cwiev‡ii mK‡j wbqwgZ bL KvwU
1. evwoi Pvicvk I †Nvqvj Ni cwi¯‹vi ivwL
2. cvwievwiK AveR©bv K‡¤úv÷ M‡Z© ivwL
DVvb ˆeVK
DVvb ˆeVK,†jvK msMxZ, MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
DVvb ˆeVK,†jvK msMxZ, MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
d¬vk KvW©
d¬vk KvW© I w÷Kvi
d¬vk KvW© I w÷Kvi
1 gvm
1 gvm
2 gvm
wK‡kvix I gv
cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
wkïmn cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I wK‡kvix `j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j, msMxZ `j
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j, msMxZ `j
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
5wU evZ©v
DcKiY
cU, d¬vk KvW©, w¯ŒÞ
I kc_ †evW©
c×wZ
DVvb ˆeVK, †Mgm,
†jvK msMxZ
gva¨g
gv `j
wbivc` cvwb 4 gvm cÖ‡qvRb
cwie
v‡ii
mKj
m`m¨
2wU
evZ©v
DcKiY
d¬vk
KvW
© Iw÷
Kvi
c×wZ
†jvK
msM
xZ I
MY m
gv‡e
kgv
a¨g
gv I
wkï
msMx
Z `
jcw
i‡ek
MZcw
i”Qb
œZv
2 gvm cÖ‡qvRb
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
3wU evZ©v
DcKiY
cU, d¬vk K
vW©, w¯ŒÞ
I kc_ †evW©
c×wZ
DVvb ˆeVK, †Mgm,
†jvK msMxZ
gva¨g
gv I wkï
msMxZ `j
m¨vwb‡Ukb
4 gvm cÖ‡qvRb
cwiev‡iimKj m`m¨
5wU evZ©v
DcKiYcU, d¬vk KvW©, w¯ŒÞ
I kc_ †evW©
c×wZDVvb ˆeVK, †Mgm,
†jvK msMxZ
gva¨ggv I wkïmsMxZ `j
nvZ †avqv
4 gv
m c
Ö‡qvR
b
wK‡kvix I gv
5wU evZ©v
DcKiY d¬vk KvW© I w÷Kvic×wZ DVvb ˆeV
Kgva¨g gv I wK
‡kvixe¨w³
MZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
2 gvm cÖ‡qvRb
5 Bmy
nvBwRb g‡Wj (Hygiene Model) WvqvMÖvg
nvBwRb g¨vwUª· nvBwRb g‡W‡ji GKwU iæZ¡c~Y© Ask we‡kl| nvBwRb g¨vwUª· gvV ch©v‡q ev¯Íevq‡bi GKwU †KŠkjMZ w`K wb‡`©kbvB n‡jv nvBwRb g‡Wj|
08 09Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
1. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
2. cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
3. cwiev‡ii mevB †kŠPKvh© Kivi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
4. wkïi gj cwi®‹vi I †kŠPKvh© Kiv‡bvi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
5. †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi c‡i I KxUbvkK e¨env‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q `By nvZ aBy
1.ev
woi
Pvic
vk I
†Mv
qvjN
i
cwi®
‹vi i
vwL
2.cv
wiev
wiK A
veR©bv
K‡¤
úv÷
ˆZwi
i M‡
Z© i
vwL
1.cwiev‡ii mevB ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z
cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
2.cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii c‡i
wbqwgZ cwi®‹vi I
iÿYv‡eÿ
Y Kwi
3.m¨v‡Û
j cv‡q w`‡q cvqLvbv
e¨envi Kwi
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨‡m
ev
1.FZzKvjxb m
g‡q b¨vc
wKb ev c
wi®‹vi
Kvco e¨envi
Kwi|
2.e¨eüZ Kvco mvevb
I cwi®‹vi
cvwb
w`‡q ayB
|3.e¨e
üZ Kvco †avqvi
ci †iŠ‡`ª
fv‡jvfv‡e
ïKvB|
cwi‡ek cwi”Q
bœZv
4.e¨eüZ Kvco mwVK
Dcv‡q msiÿ
Y
Kwi| 5.e¨eüZ b¨v
cwKb ev c
wiZ¨³ Kvco
wbw`©ó M
‡Z© cy‡Z ivwL|
1.Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivwL
2.cvwb fivi Av‡M Kjm ev cv‡Îi wfZi-
evwni fv‡jvfv‡e †g‡R ay‡q †bB
3.cvwb en‡bi mgq XvKbv w`‡q †X‡K
Avwb
4.cvwbi Kjm ev cvÎ DuPz ’v‡b †X‡K ivwL
5.wbivc` Dcv‡q cvwb cvb Kwi
nvBwRb DcKiY e¨envi
nvBwRb cÖ‡gvkb MvBW jvB‡b †gvU 5wU Bmy¨i 20 wU evZ©v Av‡Q| GB evZ©vmgyn wewfbœ gva¨‡g gv-evev, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix I MY gvby‡li Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †`qv Ges ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii Rb¨ 5wU DcKiY e¨envi Kiv n‡e| D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv Pievmx gvby‡li ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cwieZ©b Kiv| ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ DcKiY¸‡jv n‡jv:
1. iwe-ivYx f‚wgKvwfbq (d¬vk KvW©)
2. †jvK msMxZ ŒxÞ (nvBwRb RvwiMvb)
3. kc_ †evW©
4. Bmy¨ wfwËK cU
5. d¬vk KvW© (FZzKvwjb ^v¯’¨vf¨vm)
cÖwZwU DcKiY e¨env‡ii mgq g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e DcKiY †hb wel‡qi mv‡_ msMwZc~b© nq| GQvovI mgq, ¯’vb, †fŠZ myweavw`, GjvKvi ms¯‹…wZ, g~j¨‡eva welqmg~n we‡ePbvq †i‡L DcKiY wbe©vPb Kiv| m‡e©vcwi AskMÖnYKvix‡`i eqm, wkÿMZ †hvM¨Zv BZ¨vw` welq¸wjI jÿYxq|
DcKiY e¨env‡ii we‡eP¨ welq
iwe-ivYx f‚wgKvwfbq Gi d¬vk KvW© (Role Play)
iwe-ivYx GK ai‡Yi †Mg ev †Ljv| G †LjvwU g~jZt yÕRb †Q‡j I yÕRb †g‡q Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g K‡i _v‡K| G †Ljv‡Z †gvU 9 wU ce© Av‡Q Ges cÖwZwU c‡e©i gva¨‡g ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii 5wU Bmy¨i 20wU evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
iwe-ivYx D‡Ïk¨:
ŸAvb›`Nb cwi‡e‡k wkïiv ^v¯’¨vf¨v‡mi wbqg¸‡jv wkL‡Z cvi‡e;
ŸAwfb‡qi gva¨‡g wkïiv wkL‡e weavq Bmy¨i evZ©vmgyn g‡b ivL‡Z cvi‡e Ges ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii evZ©vmgyn cwiev‡ii mKj‡K Rvbv‡e Ges Af¨vm cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv d‡jvAvc Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
DcKiYiwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n (9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU) yBwU BU, GKwU ev`bv, †Kmmn mvevb, nvZ †avqvi Rb¨ cvwb, Mvgjv, gM, GKwU †cøU, wKQz gywo/we¯‹zU ev ïKbv Lvevi, iwei Rb¨ GKwU euv‡ki jvwV, ivYxi Rb¨ GKwU gvjv/†Ljbv †gvevBj| iwe-ivYxi I Zv‡`i fvB‡ev‡bi Rb¨ D¾j is-‡eis-Gi †cvkvK|
¯’vbPi GjvKvi †h †Kvb †Lvjv‡gjv ¯’vb †hLv‡b 100-200 gvbyl `uvov‡Z cv‡i| G ai‡Yi †mk‡b †Kvb ai‡bi bv¯Ív ev Lvevi cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e bv|
c×wZf‚wgKvwfbq, wgwUs/†mkb, Rbmgv‡ek
mgq1 NÈv
cÖwµqv c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mkb ïiæi Av‡M AskMÖnYKvixi‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| Ges ewi-ivYx f‚wgKvwfbq m¤ú‡K© aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
KvW© e¨envi I Awfbq c×wZ/avcwkï‡`i g‡bv‡hvM e„w×i Rb¨ mnvqK mK‡ji mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Kivi ci, ms‡hvwRZ iwe-ivYxi MíwU †kl K‡i Awfbq ïiæ Ki‡eb| Mí ejvi †ÿ‡Î mnvqK‡K wkïm~jf AvPi‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q Mí †kl Ki‡eb| Awf‡bZv wbe©vP‡bi we‡eP¨ welq:
Ÿwkï `‡ji m`m¨‡`i ga¨ †_‡K cÖ_‡g Zzjbvg~jK eo 1Rb †Q‡j I 1 Rb †g‡q Ges Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡K †QvU 1 Rb †Q‡j I 1 Rb †g‡q †gvU 4 Rb‡K evQvB Kiv hviv Awfbq Ki‡Z AvMÖnx|
Ÿiwe Ges Zvi †QvU fvB †Q‡j wkï Ges ivYx I Zvi †QvU †evb †g‡q wkï n‡j fvj nq|
Ÿiwe Ges ivYxi †gvU 9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU KvW© i‡q‡Q, Awfb‡q mKj KvW©B e¨envi Kiv n‡e|
ŸmnvqK cÖ_‡g wKfv‡e Awfbq Ki‡Z n‡e Zvi aviYv †`‡eb Ges cÖ‡qvRb n‡j wb‡R Awfbq K‡i †`wL‡q w`‡eb|
Ÿiwei PwiÎwU yó ev Wvbwc‡U ai‡Yi Ges Zvi †QvU fvBwU‡KI †m Zvi gZ K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Q hv Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g dz‡U DV‡e Ges ivYxi PwiÎwU BwZevPK A_©vr †m wbqg Kvbyb †g‡b P‡j Ges Zvi †QvU †evbwU‡KI †m Zvi gZ K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Q hv Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g dz‡U DV‡e| KvW© Abyhvqx cÖ_‡g iwe Awfbq Ki‡e Gici ivYx Avm‡e Zvi PwiÎ wb‡q|
ŸAwfb‡qi avc Abyhvqx 4_©-6ô av‡c iwe-ivYxi fvB Ges †ev‡bi PwiÎ Abyhvqx Awfbq _vK‡e|
Ÿch©vqµ‡g 9wU av‡c 9 †Rvov KvW© e¨envi K‡i f‚wgKvwfbq †kl n‡e|
iwe-ivYxi f‚wgKvwbfq †k‡l mnvqK mK‡ji KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡e Ges mK‡ji ^v¯’¨vf¨v‡mi evZ©v¸‡jv mevB eyS‡Z †c‡i‡Q wK bv Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| cwi‡k‡l `k©K‡`i ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cvj‡bi kc_ wb‡q †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I Dc¯’vcbv
f‚wgKvwfbq, wgwUs/†mkb, Rbmgv‡ek
(getharing)
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Mass
10 wgwbU
40 wgwbU
10 wgwbU
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW© (9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU) `yBwU BU, GKwU e`bv, †Kmmn mvevb, nvZ †avqvi Rb¨ cvwb, Mvgjv, gM, GKwU †cøU, wKQz gywo/we¯‹zU ev ïKbv Lvevi, iwei Rb¨ GKwU euv‡ki jvwV, ivYxi Rb¨ GKwU gvjv/ †Ljbv †gvevBj| iwe-ivYxi D¾j is-‡eis-Gi †cvkvK|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
10 11Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
nvBwRb DcKiY e¨envi
nvBwRb cÖ‡gvkb MvBW jvB‡b †gvU 5wU Bmy¨i 20 wU evZ©v Av‡Q| GB evZ©vmgyn wewfbœ gva¨‡g gv-evev, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix I MY gvby‡li Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †`qv Ges ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii Rb¨ 5wU DcKiY e¨envi Kiv n‡e| D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv Pievmx gvby‡li ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cwieZ©b Kiv| ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ DcKiY¸‡jv n‡jv:
1. iwe-ivYx f‚wgKvwfbq (d¬vk KvW©)
2. †jvK msMxZ ŒxÞ (nvBwRb RvwiMvb)
3. kc_ †evW©
4. Bmy¨ wfwËK cU
5. d¬vk KvW© (FZzKvwjb ^v¯’¨vf¨vm)
cÖwZwU DcKiY e¨env‡ii mgq g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e DcKiY †hb wel‡qi mv‡_ msMwZc~b© nq| GQvovI mgq, ¯’vb, †fŠZ myweavw`, GjvKvi ms¯‹…wZ, g~j¨‡eva welqmg~n we‡ePbvq †i‡L DcKiY wbe©vPb Kiv| m‡e©vcwi AskMÖnYKvix‡`i eqm, wkÿMZ †hvM¨Zv BZ¨vw` welq¸wjI jÿYxq|
DcKiY e¨env‡ii we‡eP¨ welq
iwe-ivYx f‚wgKvwfbq Gi d¬vk KvW© (Role Play)
iwe-ivYx GK ai‡Yi †Mg ev †Ljv| G †LjvwU g~jZt yÕRb †Q‡j I yÕRb †g‡q Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g K‡i _v‡K| G †Ljv‡Z †gvU 9 wU ce© Av‡Q Ges cÖwZwU c‡e©i gva¨‡g ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii 5wU Bmy¨i 20wU evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
iwe-ivYx D‡Ïk¨:
ŸAvb›`Nb cwi‡e‡k wkïiv ^v¯’¨vf¨v‡mi wbqg¸‡jv wkL‡Z cvi‡e;
ŸAwfb‡qi gva¨‡g wkïiv wkL‡e weavq Bmy¨i evZ©vmgyn g‡b ivL‡Z cvi‡e Ges ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii evZ©vmgyn cwiev‡ii mKj‡K Rvbv‡e Ges Af¨vm cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv d‡jvAvc Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
DcKiYiwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n (9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU) yBwU BU, GKwU ev`bv, †Kmmn mvevb, nvZ †avqvi Rb¨ cvwb, Mvgjv, gM, GKwU †cøU, wKQz gywo/we¯‹zU ev ïKbv Lvevi, iwei Rb¨ GKwU euv‡ki jvwV, ivYxi Rb¨ GKwU gvjv/†Ljbv †gvevBj| iwe-ivYxi I Zv‡`i fvB‡ev‡bi Rb¨ D¾j is-‡eis-Gi †cvkvK|
¯’vbPi GjvKvi †h †Kvb †Lvjv‡gjv ¯’vb †hLv‡b 100-200 gvbyl `uvov‡Z cv‡i| G ai‡Yi †mk‡b †Kvb ai‡bi bv¯Ív ev Lvevi cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e bv|
c×wZf‚wgKvwfbq, wgwUs/†mkb, Rbmgv‡ek
mgq1 NÈv
cÖwµqv c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mkb ïiæi Av‡M AskMÖnYKvixi‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| Ges ewi-ivYx f‚wgKvwfbq m¤ú‡K© aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
KvW© e¨envi I Awfbq c×wZ/avcwkï‡`i g‡bv‡hvM e„w×i Rb¨ mnvqK mK‡ji mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Kivi ci, ms‡hvwRZ iwe-ivYxi MíwU †kl K‡i Awfbq ïiæ Ki‡eb| Mí ejvi †ÿ‡Î mnvqK‡K wkïm~jf AvPi‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q Mí †kl Ki‡eb| Awf‡bZv wbe©vP‡bi we‡eP¨ welq:
Ÿwkï `‡ji m`m¨‡`i ga¨ †_‡K cÖ_‡g Zzjbvg~jK eo 1Rb †Q‡j I 1 Rb †g‡q Ges Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡K †QvU 1 Rb †Q‡j I 1 Rb †g‡q †gvU 4 Rb‡K evQvB Kiv hviv Awfbq Ki‡Z AvMÖnx|
Ÿiwe Ges Zvi †QvU fvB †Q‡j wkï Ges ivYx I Zvi †QvU †evb †g‡q wkï n‡j fvj nq|
Ÿiwe Ges ivYxi †gvU 9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU KvW© i‡q‡Q, Awfb‡q mKj KvW©B e¨envi Kiv n‡e|
ŸmnvqK cÖ_‡g wKfv‡e Awfbq Ki‡Z n‡e Zvi aviYv †`‡eb Ges cÖ‡qvRb n‡j wb‡R Awfbq K‡i †`wL‡q w`‡eb|
Ÿiwei PwiÎwU yó ev Wvbwc‡U ai‡Yi Ges Zvi †QvU fvBwU‡KI †m Zvi gZ K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Q hv Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g dz‡U DV‡e Ges ivYxi PwiÎwU BwZevPK A_©vr †m wbqg Kvbyb †g‡b P‡j Ges Zvi †QvU †evbwU‡KI †m Zvi gZ K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Q hv Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g dz‡U DV‡e| KvW© Abyhvqx cÖ_‡g iwe Awfbq Ki‡e Gici ivYx Avm‡e Zvi PwiÎ wb‡q|
ŸAwfb‡qi avc Abyhvqx 4_©-6ô av‡c iwe-ivYxi fvB Ges †ev‡bi PwiÎ Abyhvqx Awfbq _vK‡e|
Ÿch©vqµ‡g 9wU av‡c 9 †Rvov KvW© e¨envi K‡i f‚wgKvwfbq †kl n‡e|
iwe-ivYxi f‚wgKvwbfq †k‡l mnvqK mK‡ji KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡e Ges mK‡ji ^v¯’¨vf¨v‡mi evZ©v¸‡jv mevB eyS‡Z †c‡i‡Q wK bv Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| cwi‡k‡l `k©K‡`i ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cvj‡bi kc_ wb‡q †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I Dc¯’vcbv
f‚wgKvwfbq, wgwUs/†mkb, Rbmgv‡ek
(getharing)
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Mass
10 wgwbU
40 wgwbU
10 wgwbU
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW© (9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU) `yBwU BU, GKwU e`bv, †Kmmn mvevb, nvZ †avqvi Rb¨ cvwb, Mvgjv, gM, GKwU †cøU, wKQz gywo/we¯‹zU ev ïKbv Lvevi, iwei Rb¨ GKwU euv‡ki jvwV, ivYxi Rb¨ GKwU gvjv/ †Ljbv †gvevBj| iwe-ivYxi D¾j is-‡eis-Gi †cvkvK|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
10 11Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
M‡íi gva¨‡g f~wgKvwfbq
iwe-ivYx GK †`‡k wQj GK ivRv| †m ivRvi wQj weivU ivRZ¡| gš¿x, DwRi, bvwRi, ˆmb¨-mgv‡šÍi †Kvb Afve wQj bv| †mB ivRvi wQj GK †Q‡j| Zvi eqm wQj wVK †Zvgv‡`i gZ| fxlY my›`i †`L‡Z| ivRvi †Q‡j‡K wK e‡j Rv‡bv †Zvgiv? ivRvi †Q‡j‡K e‡j ivRcyÎ| ivRvi †Q‡j‡Zv| ZvB Zv‡K ivRcyÎ e‡j|
ivRvi †Q‡j n‡jI †m Lye fvj wQj| †m mevi mv‡_ wgk‡Zv, †Ljvay‡jv Ki‡Zv, ‹z‡j †h‡Zv| †h ‹z‡j †m co‡Zv, †mB ¯‹z‡j Zvi GK eÜz wQj| †Zvgv‡`i eÜz bvB? †Zvgv‡`i eÜzi g‡Zv ZviI GK eÜz wQj| Zvi eÜz †K wQ‡jv Rv‡bv? Zvi eÜz wQj GK cix| cix‡`i †`k wKš‘ A‡bK ~‡i| mvZ mgyÏi †Zi b`x cvi n‡q cixi †`‡k †h‡Z nq| GB yB eÜzi g‡a¨ wQj fxlY fve| me mgq Zviv GK‡Î Ny‡i †eov‡Zv Ges GK‡Î _vK‡Zv| me KvR `yB eÜz wg‡j K‡i| cixeÜz cÖvqB ivRcy‡Îi mv‡_ Zvi evwo‡Z †eov‡Z Avm‡Zv| Ab¨ w`‡bi gZ ivRcyÎ ‹z‡j †h‡q cixeÜz‡K Kv‡Q WvK‡jv| cixeÜz Zvi Kv‡Q Avm‡Q bv| K_vI ej‡Q bv| ivRcy‡Îi Lye gb Lvivc n‡q †Mj|
eÜz‡K Kv‡Q †W‡K ivRcyÎ wR‡Ám Ki‡jv, Zzwg Avgvi mv‡_ K_v ej‡Qv bv †Kb? cixeÜz ej‡jv, bv, Avwg Avi †Zvgvi mv‡_ wgk‡ev bv, K_vI ej‡ev bv| Avwg †Zvgvi mv‡_ KZ w`b †Zvgv‡`i evwo †eov‡Z †Mjvg A_P Zzwg GKw`bI Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z †M‡j bv| ivRcyÎ ej‡jv, wVK Av‡Q, Avwg Avgvi evev-gv‡K e‡j Zv‡`i AbygwZ wb‡q †Zvgv‡`i evwo hv‡ev| AvRB Avwg evev‡K ej‡ev| cixeÜz‡K mv‡_ wb‡q ivRcyÎ Zvi evev‡K (ivRv) ej‡jv, evev, cixeÜz Avgvi m‡½ ivM K‡i‡Q| ivRv ej‡jb, †Kb ivM K‡i‡Q? cix‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡jv, †Kb Zzwg ivRcy‡Îi m‡½ ivM K‡i‡Qv? cix ej‡jv, Avwg A‡bK w`b eÜzi m‡½ eÜzi evwo †eov‡Z G‡mwQ wKš‘ Avgvi eÜz|
GKw`bI Avgv‡`i evwo †eov‡Z hvqwb| ivRv †n‡m ej‡jv, GB K_v| wVK Av‡Q, KvjB †Zvgvi eÜz †Zvgvi mv‡_ †Zvgv‡`i evwo †eov‡Z hv‡e| GB K_v ï‡b ivRcyÎ Ges cixeÜz fxlY Lykx Zviv g‡bi Avb‡›` Zv‡`i Kvco †Pvco †MvQv‡Z jvM‡jv| ciw`b cixi †`‡k hvevi cvjv| wKš‘ yÕRbB c‡o †Mj fxlY mgm¨vq| cixi‡Zv cvLv Av‡Q, †m‡Zv Do‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ ivRcyÎ, Zvi‡Zv cvLv †bB, Do‡ZI cv‡i bv| wK K‡i hv‡e? yR‡b A‡bK fve‡Z jvM‡jv| nVvr K‡i cixeÜz Lykx‡Z jvd w`‡q DV‡jv| ivRcyÎ ej‡jv wK e¨vcvi? Avwg †h‡Z cviwQ bv †Zvgvi mv‡_ Avi Zzwg nvm‡Qv| cix ej‡jv Dcvq †c‡q †MwQ| Zzwg Avgvi y-cvLvi gvSLv‡b e‡m _vK‡e Avi Avwg †Zvgv‡K wb‡q D‡o P‡j hv‡ev|
`yÕR‡b hvÎv Ki‡jv| b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, cvnvo-ce©Z, mvMi cvi n‡q yÕRb cixi †`‡k G‡m bvg‡jv| cixi evev-gv-†Zv fxlY Lykx| cix Zvi eÜz‡K evev-gv‡qi mv‡_ cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jv| ivRcy·K Zviv fxlY Av`i Ki‡jv| cix Zvi eÜz‡K wb‡q cixi †`k †`Lv‡jv, KZ fvj fvj RvqMvq wb‡q †M‡jv| g‡bi Avb‡›` w`b †K‡U †Mj| Gevi wd‡i Avmvi cvjv| cixeÜz ivRcy·K ej‡jv, eÜz, Zzwg Avgvi †`‡k †eov‡Z G‡mwQ‡j Avwg fxlY Lywk n‡q‡Q| Zzwg hvIqvi mgq Avgv‡`i GLvb †_‡K wK wb‡q hv‡e| ivRcyÎ ej‡jv Avgvi‡Zv me wKQyB Av‡Q, †Kvb wKQyiB Afve †bB| Avwg wKQy wbe bv| cix ej‡jv, Zzwg wKQy bv wb‡j Avwg Lye gb Lvivc Ki‡ev| ivRcyÎ ej‡jv, †Zvgvi evwo‡Z Avwg Lye my›`i GKUv iwe Ges ivYx bv‡g 2wU wkï †`‡LwQ| Zv hw` vI Avwg wbe| †m wK| Zzwg GZ †QvU wRwbm wb‡e? wVK Av‡Q Avwg G¶zwY e¨e¯’v KiwQ| iwe Avi ivYx wkï‡K ivRvi †`‡k Avbvi me e¨e¯’v Ki‡jv cix| yÕR‡b Avevi †`‡k iIbv nj| iwe Avi ivYx‡K Avb‡Z fxlY Kó n‡q‡Q ivRcy‡Îi| iwe GKevi Gw`K hvq Avevi Iw`K hvq Avevi KvD‡K †`L‡jB cÖPÐ yóvgx K‡i| Av”Qv P‡jv †`wL ivRcyÎ †Kgb iwe Avi ivYx wkï‡K wb‡q G‡jv cixi †`k †_‡K|
†mkb cwiPvjbv cÖwµqv-(2)†mkb cwiPvjbv cÖwµqv-2 Gi †ÿ‡Î iwe-ivYxi Mí bv ej‡jI KvW© cÖ`k‡b©i gva¨‡g ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv hv‡e| GB †ÿ‡Î AskMÖnYKvixi aiY I ’v‡bi †ÿ‡Î wfbœZv _vK‡e| †mkb cwiPvjbv cÖwµqv-2 n‡e wb‡¤œviæc:
D‡Ïk¨: iwe-ivYx KvW© cÖ`©‡bi gva¨‡g mvgvwRK Dbœqb ‡j ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv;
DcKiY: iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n (9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU)
c×wZ: Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
mgq: 50 wg:|
wb‡¤œv³ c×wZ‡Z iwe-ivYx †mkb cwiPvjb Kiv n‡e
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK cÖ_‡g AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ †KŠkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨ mnR I AvK©lYxq K‡i Zz‡j ai‡eb| Zvici mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i yÕwU fv‡M/`‡j fvM Ki‡eb|
G c‡e© mnvqK 2wU `j‡K iwei KvW© Ges ivYxi KvW© cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K `‡ji KvQ †_‡K bx‡Pi iwe-ivYx Kv‡W©i eY©bv Abyhvqx Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv †k‡l mnvqK 2`‡ji Kv‡Q cÖkœ K‡i Rvb‡eb †h, iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW© †_‡K Avgiv wK wK wkLjvg| cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK †bqvi ci wZwb evZ©v¸‡jv c~bivq mK‡ji KvQ †_‡K Rvb‡eb Ges mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Av‡jvPbv †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
cÖ`k©b, Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
10 wgwbU
30 wgwbU
10 wgwbU
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n (9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU)
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n
12 13Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
iwe-ivYx KvW© e¨envi c×wZ
1g †Rvov KvW©
Ÿhviv iwe-ivYx KvW© †c‡q‡Q Zv‡`i‡K Kv‡Q wb‡q Avmyb (cÖ_‡g iwe c‡i ivYx)
ŸKvW© yÕ‡Uv Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸGevi cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wbb, AskMÖnYKvixiv iwe-ivYx wPb‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv|
2q †Rvov KvW©
Ÿ2q †Rvov KvW© hviv †c‡q‡Q Zv‡`i‡K Kv‡Q WvKzb (cÖ_‡g iwe c‡i ivYx)
Ÿiwei evZ©vwU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸGevi AskMÖnYKvixMY‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡hvM w`b
ŸAvcwb cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe †Kv_vq cvqLvbv Ki‡Q?
- †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q wK g‡b n‡”Q, iwe †hLv‡b cvqLvbv K‡i‡Q, †mLv‡b Ki‡j †Kvb Amyweav n‡e?
- wK wK Amyweav Av‡Q?
- †Kb n‡e?
M‡íi gva¨‡g f~wgKvwfbq
iwe-ivYx GK †`‡k wQj GK ivRv| †m ivRvi wQj weivU ivRZ¡| gš¿x, DwRi, bvwRi, ˆmb¨-mgv‡šÍi †Kvb Afve wQj bv| †mB ivRvi wQj GK †Q‡j| Zvi eqm wQj wVK †Zvgv‡`i gZ| fxlY my›`i †`L‡Z| ivRvi †Q‡j‡K wK e‡j Rv‡bv †Zvgiv? ivRvi †Q‡j‡K e‡j ivRcyÎ| ivRvi †Q‡j‡Zv| ZvB Zv‡K ivRcyÎ e‡j|
ivRvi †Q‡j n‡jI †m Lye fvj wQj| †m mevi mv‡_ wgk‡Zv, †Ljvay‡jv Ki‡Zv, ‹z‡j †h‡Zv| †h ‹z‡j †m co‡Zv, †mB ¯‹z‡j Zvi GK eÜz wQj| †Zvgv‡`i eÜz bvB? †Zvgv‡`i eÜzi g‡Zv ZviI GK eÜz wQj| Zvi eÜz †K wQ‡jv Rv‡bv? Zvi eÜz wQj GK cix| cix‡`i †`k wKš‘ A‡bK ~‡i| mvZ mgyÏi †Zi b`x cvi n‡q cixi †`‡k †h‡Z nq| GB yB eÜzi g‡a¨ wQj fxlY fve| me mgq Zviv GK‡Î Ny‡i †eov‡Zv Ges GK‡Î _vK‡Zv| me KvR `yB eÜz wg‡j K‡i| cixeÜz cÖvqB ivRcy‡Îi mv‡_ Zvi evwo‡Z †eov‡Z Avm‡Zv| Ab¨ w`‡bi gZ ivRcyÎ ‹z‡j †h‡q cixeÜz‡K Kv‡Q WvK‡jv| cixeÜz Zvi Kv‡Q Avm‡Q bv| K_vI ej‡Q bv| ivRcy‡Îi Lye gb Lvivc n‡q †Mj|
eÜz‡K Kv‡Q †W‡K ivRcyÎ wR‡Ám Ki‡jv, Zzwg Avgvi mv‡_ K_v ej‡Qv bv †Kb? cixeÜz ej‡jv, bv, Avwg Avi †Zvgvi mv‡_ wgk‡ev bv, K_vI ej‡ev bv| Avwg †Zvgvi mv‡_ KZ w`b †Zvgv‡`i evwo †eov‡Z †Mjvg A_P Zzwg GKw`bI Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z †M‡j bv| ivRcyÎ ej‡jv, wVK Av‡Q, Avwg Avgvi evev-gv‡K e‡j Zv‡`i AbygwZ wb‡q †Zvgv‡`i evwo hv‡ev| AvRB Avwg evev‡K ej‡ev| cixeÜz‡K mv‡_ wb‡q ivRcyÎ Zvi evev‡K (ivRv) ej‡jv, evev, cixeÜz Avgvi m‡½ ivM K‡i‡Q| ivRv ej‡jb, †Kb ivM K‡i‡Q? cix‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡jv, †Kb Zzwg ivRcy‡Îi m‡½ ivM K‡i‡Qv? cix ej‡jv, Avwg A‡bK w`b eÜzi m‡½ eÜzi evwo †eov‡Z G‡mwQ wKš‘ Avgvi eÜz|
GKw`bI Avgv‡`i evwo †eov‡Z hvqwb| ivRv †n‡m ej‡jv, GB K_v| wVK Av‡Q, KvjB †Zvgvi eÜz †Zvgvi mv‡_ †Zvgv‡`i evwo †eov‡Z hv‡e| GB K_v ï‡b ivRcyÎ Ges cixeÜz fxlY Lykx Zviv g‡bi Avb‡›` Zv‡`i Kvco †Pvco †MvQv‡Z jvM‡jv| ciw`b cixi †`‡k hvevi cvjv| wKš‘ yÕRbB c‡o †Mj fxlY mgm¨vq| cixi‡Zv cvLv Av‡Q, †m‡Zv Do‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ ivRcyÎ, Zvi‡Zv cvLv †bB, Do‡ZI cv‡i bv| wK K‡i hv‡e? yR‡b A‡bK fve‡Z jvM‡jv| nVvr K‡i cixeÜz Lykx‡Z jvd w`‡q DV‡jv| ivRcyÎ ej‡jv wK e¨vcvi? Avwg †h‡Z cviwQ bv †Zvgvi mv‡_ Avi Zzwg nvm‡Qv| cix ej‡jv Dcvq †c‡q †MwQ| Zzwg Avgvi y-cvLvi gvSLv‡b e‡m _vK‡e Avi Avwg †Zvgv‡K wb‡q D‡o P‡j hv‡ev|
`yÕR‡b hvÎv Ki‡jv| b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, cvnvo-ce©Z, mvMi cvi n‡q yÕRb cixi †`‡k G‡m bvg‡jv| cixi evev-gv-†Zv fxlY Lykx| cix Zvi eÜz‡K evev-gv‡qi mv‡_ cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jv| ivRcy·K Zviv fxlY Av`i Ki‡jv| cix Zvi eÜz‡K wb‡q cixi †`k †`Lv‡jv, KZ fvj fvj RvqMvq wb‡q †M‡jv| g‡bi Avb‡›` w`b †K‡U †Mj| Gevi wd‡i Avmvi cvjv| cixeÜz ivRcy·K ej‡jv, eÜz, Zzwg Avgvi †`‡k †eov‡Z G‡mwQ‡j Avwg fxlY Lywk n‡q‡Q| Zzwg hvIqvi mgq Avgv‡`i GLvb †_‡K wK wb‡q hv‡e| ivRcyÎ ej‡jv Avgvi‡Zv me wKQyB Av‡Q, †Kvb wKQyiB Afve †bB| Avwg wKQy wbe bv| cix ej‡jv, Zzwg wKQy bv wb‡j Avwg Lye gb Lvivc Ki‡ev| ivRcyÎ ej‡jv, †Zvgvi evwo‡Z Avwg Lye my›`i GKUv iwe Ges ivYx bv‡g 2wU wkï †`‡LwQ| Zv hw` vI Avwg wbe| †m wK| Zzwg GZ †QvU wRwbm wb‡e? wVK Av‡Q Avwg G¶zwY e¨e¯’v KiwQ| iwe Avi ivYx wkï‡K ivRvi †`‡k Avbvi me e¨e¯’v Ki‡jv cix| yÕR‡b Avevi †`‡k iIbv nj| iwe Avi ivYx‡K Avb‡Z fxlY Kó n‡q‡Q ivRcy‡Îi| iwe GKevi Gw`K hvq Avevi Iw`K hvq Avevi KvD‡K †`L‡jB cÖPÐ yóvgx K‡i| Av”Qv P‡jv †`wL ivRcyÎ †Kgb iwe Avi ivYx wkï‡K wb‡q G‡jv cixi †`k †_‡K|
†mkb cwiPvjbv cÖwµqv-(2)†mkb cwiPvjbv cÖwµqv-2 Gi †ÿ‡Î iwe-ivYxi Mí bv ej‡jI KvW© cÖ`k‡b©i gva¨‡g ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv hv‡e| GB †ÿ‡Î AskMÖnYKvixi aiY I ’v‡bi †ÿ‡Î wfbœZv _vK‡e| †mkb cwiPvjbv cÖwµqv-2 n‡e wb‡¤œviæc:
D‡Ïk¨: iwe-ivYx KvW© cÖ`©‡bi gva¨‡g mvgvwRK Dbœqb ‡j ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv;
DcKiY: iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n (9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU)
c×wZ: Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
mgq: 50 wg:|
wb‡¤œv³ c×wZ‡Z iwe-ivYx †mkb cwiPvjb Kiv n‡e
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK cÖ_‡g AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ †KŠkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨ mnR I AvK©lYxq K‡i Zz‡j ai‡eb| Zvici mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i yÕwU fv‡M/`‡j fvM Ki‡eb|
G c‡e© mnvqK 2wU `j‡K iwei KvW© Ges ivYxi KvW© cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K `‡ji KvQ †_‡K bx‡Pi iwe-ivYx Kv‡W©i eY©bv Abyhvqx Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv †k‡l mnvqK 2`‡ji Kv‡Q cÖkœ K‡i Rvb‡eb †h, iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW© †_‡K Avgiv wK wK wkLjvg| cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK †bqvi ci wZwb evZ©v¸‡jv c~bivq mK‡ji KvQ †_‡K Rvb‡eb Ges mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Av‡jvPbv †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
cÖ`k©b, Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
10 wgwbU
30 wgwbU
10 wgwbU
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n (9 †Rvov A_vr 18wU)
iwe-ivYxi d¬vk KvW©mg~n
12 13Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
iwe-ivYx KvW© e¨envi c×wZ
1g †Rvov KvW©
Ÿhviv iwe-ivYx KvW© †c‡q‡Q Zv‡`i‡K Kv‡Q wb‡q Avmyb (cÖ_‡g iwe c‡i ivYx)
ŸKvW© yÕ‡Uv Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸGevi cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wbb, AskMÖnYKvixiv iwe-ivYx wPb‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv|
2q †Rvov KvW©
Ÿ2q †Rvov KvW© hviv †c‡q‡Q Zv‡`i‡K Kv‡Q WvKzb (cÖ_‡g iwe c‡i ivYx)
Ÿiwei evZ©vwU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸGevi AskMÖnYKvixMY‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡hvM w`b
ŸAvcwb cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe †Kv_vq cvqLvbv Ki‡Q?
- †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q wK g‡b n‡”Q, iwe †hLv‡b cvqLvbv K‡i‡Q, †mLv‡b Ki‡j †Kvb Amyweav n‡e?
- wK wK Amyweav Av‡Q?
- †Kb n‡e?
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© cÖ`k©b Kiæb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx †Kv_vq hv‡”Q?
- GUv Ki‡j wK jvf n‡e?
- †Kb jvf n‡e?
- Zvn‡j Avgiv †KvbUv Ki‡e?
3q †Rvov KvW©
ŸGKBfv‡e iwei KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸcÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- iwei nv‡Z wK?
- iwe †Kv_vq cvqLvbv K‡i‡Q?
- GUv †_‡K Avgv‡`i wK n‡Z cv‡i?
- †Kb n‡Z cv‡i?
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- †Kb Ki‡Q?
- †Kv_v †_‡K G‡m Ki‡Q?
- GUv Ki‡j wK n‡e?
- †Kb n‡e bv?
- Avgiv †KvbUv Ki‡ev Ges †Kb Ki‡ev?
4_© †Rvov KvW©
Ÿiwei KvW©wU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸcÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- iwei †evb wK Ki‡Q?
- †Kv_vq Ki‡Q?
- G‡Z wK ¶wZ n‡Z cv‡i?
- †Kb?
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- ivYxi †evb wK Ki‡Q?
- ivYxi †evb †Kv_vq cvqLvbv Ki‡Q?
- wbw`©ó RvqMvq cvqLvbv Ki‡j wK DcKvi nq?
- †Kb?
5g †Rvov KvW©
Ÿiwei KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- Zvi Lvevi¸wj †Kgbfv‡e ivLv Av‡Q?
- Lvev‡ii Dc‡i wK Do‡Q?
- iwe wK nvZ ay‡q‡Q?
- nvZ bv ay‡q †L‡j wK nq?
- †Kb nq?
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- Zvi Lvevi¸wj wKfv‡e ivLv Av‡Q?
- †Kb XvKv Av‡Q?
- Lvevi †X‡K ivL‡j wK nq?
- †Kb?
- Avgiv Zvn‡j Lvevi wKfv‡e ivL‡ev?
- Avgiv Lvevi Av‡M wK Ki‡ev?
- †Kb Ki‡ev?
6ô †Rvov KvW©
ŸGevi iweÕi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j Lvevi c‡i uvZ eªvk bv Kivi Rb¨ wK ej‡Q?
- iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j Lvevi c‡i uvZ eªvk bv Ki‡j Avgv‡`i wK ÿwZ nq?
- bL bv KvUvi Rb¨ iwe Zv †QvU fvB‡K wK ej‡Q?
- iwe wK wbqwgZ bL Kv‡U?
- Avgv‡`i wK iwei gZ bv KvUv fvj, bv wK wbqwgZ bL KvUv DwPr?
- †Kb iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j Lvevi c‡i uvZ eªvk Kiv nq Ges wbqwgZ bL KvUv nq?
ŸGevi ivYxÕi i KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx KLb KLb uvZ eªvk K‡i?
- ivYx †Kb iv‡Z I mKv‡j uvZ eªvk K‡i?
- ivYx wK wbqwgZ bL Kv‡U?
- cÖwZ mßv‡n bL bv KvU‡j wK n‡e?
- †Kb Avgiv iv‡Z I mKv‡j uvZ eªvk Ki‡ev Ges wbqwgZ bL KvU‡ev?
7g †Rvov KvW©
ŸGevi iweÕi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- iwe wK †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv †djvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡Q?
- †Kb DrmvwnZ Ki‡Q?
- †Kb wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv AveR©bv †d‡j bv?
ŸGevi iweÕi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- ivYx Zvi †QvU †evb‡K wK civgk© w`‡”Q?
- gqjv AveR©bv †Kv_vq †djv DwPr?
- Avgiv wK gqjv AveR©bv wbw`ó M‡Z© †dwj Ges gqjv AveR©bv wbw`ó M‡Z© †dj‡j wK DcKvi n‡e?
14 15Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© cÖ`k©b Kiæb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx †Kv_vq hv‡”Q?
- GUv Ki‡j wK jvf n‡e?
- †Kb jvf n‡e?
- Zvn‡j Avgiv †KvbUv Ki‡e?
3q †Rvov KvW©
ŸGKBfv‡e iwei KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸcÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- iwei nv‡Z wK?
- iwe †Kv_vq cvqLvbv K‡i‡Q?
- GUv †_‡K Avgv‡`i wK n‡Z cv‡i?
- †Kb n‡Z cv‡i?
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- †Kb Ki‡Q?
- †Kv_v †_‡K G‡m Ki‡Q?
- GUv Ki‡j wK n‡e?
- †Kb n‡e bv?
- Avgiv †KvbUv Ki‡ev Ges †Kb Ki‡ev?
4_© †Rvov KvW©
Ÿiwei KvW©wU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸcÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- iwei †evb wK Ki‡Q?
- †Kv_vq Ki‡Q?
- G‡Z wK ¶wZ n‡Z cv‡i?
- †Kb?
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- ivYxi †evb wK Ki‡Q?
- ivYxi †evb †Kv_vq cvqLvbv Ki‡Q?
- wbw`©ó RvqMvq cvqLvbv Ki‡j wK DcKvi nq?
- †Kb?
5g †Rvov KvW©
Ÿiwei KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- Zvi Lvevi¸wj †Kgbfv‡e ivLv Av‡Q?
- Lvev‡ii Dc‡i wK Do‡Q?
- iwe wK nvZ ay‡q‡Q?
- nvZ bv ay‡q †L‡j wK nq?
- †Kb nq?
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- Zvi Lvevi¸wj wKfv‡e ivLv Av‡Q?
- †Kb XvKv Av‡Q?
- Lvevi †X‡K ivL‡j wK nq?
- †Kb?
- Avgiv Zvn‡j Lvevi wKfv‡e ivL‡ev?
- Avgiv Lvevi Av‡M wK Ki‡ev?
- †Kb Ki‡ev?
6ô †Rvov KvW©
ŸGevi iweÕi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j Lvevi c‡i uvZ eªvk bv Kivi Rb¨ wK ej‡Q?
- iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j Lvevi c‡i uvZ eªvk bv Ki‡j Avgv‡`i wK ÿwZ nq?
- bL bv KvUvi Rb¨ iwe Zv †QvU fvB‡K wK ej‡Q?
- iwe wK wbqwgZ bL Kv‡U?
- Avgv‡`i wK iwei gZ bv KvUv fvj, bv wK wbqwgZ bL KvUv DwPr?
- †Kb iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j Lvevi c‡i uvZ eªvk Kiv nq Ges wbqwgZ bL KvUv nq?
ŸGevi ivYxÕi i KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx KLb KLb uvZ eªvk K‡i?
- ivYx †Kb iv‡Z I mKv‡j uvZ eªvk K‡i?
- ivYx wK wbqwgZ bL Kv‡U?
- cÖwZ mßv‡n bL bv KvU‡j wK n‡e?
- †Kb Avgiv iv‡Z I mKv‡j uvZ eªvk Ki‡ev Ges wbqwgZ bL KvU‡ev?
7g †Rvov KvW©
ŸGevi iweÕi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwe wK Ki‡Q?
- iwe wK †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv †djvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡Q?
- †Kb DrmvwnZ Ki‡Q?
- †Kb wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv AveR©bv †d‡j bv?
ŸGevi iweÕi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖkœ Kiæb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- ivYx Zvi †QvU †evb‡K wK civgk© w`‡”Q?
- gqjv AveR©bv †Kv_vq †djv DwPr?
- Avgiv wK gqjv AveR©bv wbw`ó M‡Z© †dwj Ges gqjv AveR©bv wbw`ó M‡Z© †dj‡j wK DcKvi n‡e?
14 15Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
8 g †Rvov KvW©
Ÿ8g †Rvov KvW© hviv †c‡q‡Qb Zv‡`i‡K wb‡q Av‡mb (cÖ_‡g iwe c‡i ivYx)
Ÿiwei KvW©wU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸAskMÖnYKvixMY‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡hvM w`b
ŸAvcwb cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwei †Kb Wvqwiqv n‡q‡Q?
- iwe wK wK Lvivc KvR K‡iwQj?
- Lvevi I Lvevi cvwb wK Ae¯’vq Av‡Q?
- Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i wK Kiv DwPZ?
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- Zvi †QvU †evb wK Ki‡Q?
- ivYx †Kb Zvi †QvU †evb‡K Uvb‡Q?
- Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i wK Kiv DwPZ?
- Gevi cybiv‡jvPbv Kiæb
- †mkb †k‡l mevB‡K ab¨ev` w`b|
9g †Rvov KvW©
Ÿiwei KvW©wU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb, cÖkœ Kiæb-
- iwiÕi wK n‡q‡Q?
- †Kb Ggb n‡jv?
- Avgv‡`i wK Kiv DwPZ?
ŸivYxi KvW©wU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb, cÖkœ Kiæb-
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- †Kb †m fvj Av‡Q?
- †Kb †m cyi¯‹vi †c‡q‡Q?
- Avgv‡`i wK Kiv DwPZ?
iwe-ivYx f‚wgKvwfbq- d¬vk Kv‡W©i cwiwPwZ I D‡Ïk¨
1gAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: ivYx Kvco c‡i Ny‡i †eov‡”Q/iwe jvwV nv‡Z Ny‡i †eov‡”Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB d¬vk KvW© †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixiv iwe-ivYx‡K wPb‡e
iwe-1: Avwg iwe| Avgvi hv Lywk Avwg ZvB Kwi|
ivYx-1: Avwg ivYx| ivRcyÎ Avgv‡K Lye fvjev‡m|
2qAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: ivYx e`bv wb‡q cvqLvbv hv‡”Q Ges iwe jvwV nv‡Z cvqLvbvi evB‡i †Lvjv ¯’v‡b e‡m cvqLvbv Ki‡Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB KvW© †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii ¸iæZ¡ Rvb‡e
iwe-2: Avnv wK gRv! wK gRv!! g‡bi Avb‡›` †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kwi|
ivYx-2: cvqLvbv †P‡c‡Q, e`bv wb‡q cvqLvbvq hvB|
16 17Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
8 g †Rvov KvW©
Ÿ8g †Rvov KvW© hviv †c‡q‡Qb Zv‡`i‡K wb‡q Av‡mb (cÖ_‡g iwe c‡i ivYx)
Ÿiwei KvW©wU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
ŸAskMÖnYKvixMY‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡hvM w`b
ŸAvcwb cÖkœ Kiæb
- iwei †Kb Wvqwiqv n‡q‡Q?
- iwe wK wK Lvivc KvR K‡iwQj?
- Lvevi I Lvevi cvwb wK Ae¯’vq Av‡Q?
- Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i wK Kiv DwPZ?
ŸGevi ivYxi KvW© Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- Zvi †QvU †evb wK Ki‡Q?
- ivYx †Kb Zvi †QvU †evb‡K Uvb‡Q?
- Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i wK Kiv DwPZ?
- Gevi cybiv‡jvPbv Kiæb
- †mkb †k‡l mevB‡K ab¨ev` w`b|
9g †Rvov KvW©
Ÿiwei KvW©wU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb, cÖkœ Kiæb-
- iwiÕi wK n‡q‡Q?
- †Kb Ggb n‡jv?
- Avgv‡`i wK Kiv DwPZ?
ŸivYxi KvW©wU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb, cÖkœ Kiæb-
- ivYx wK Ki‡Q?
- †Kb †m fvj Av‡Q?
- †Kb †m cyi¯‹vi †c‡q‡Q?
- Avgv‡`i wK Kiv DwPZ?
iwe-ivYx f‚wgKvwfbq- d¬vk Kv‡W©i cwiwPwZ I D‡Ïk¨
1gAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: ivYx Kvco c‡i Ny‡i †eov‡”Q/iwe jvwV nv‡Z Ny‡i †eov‡”Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB d¬vk KvW© †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixiv iwe-ivYx‡K wPb‡e
iwe-1: Avwg iwe| Avgvi hv Lywk Avwg ZvB Kwi|
ivYx-1: Avwg ivYx| ivRcyÎ Avgv‡K Lye fvjev‡m|
2qAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: ivYx e`bv wb‡q cvqLvbv hv‡”Q Ges iwe jvwV nv‡Z cvqLvbvi evB‡i †Lvjv ¯’v‡b e‡m cvqLvbv Ki‡Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB KvW© †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii ¸iæZ¡ Rvb‡e
iwe-2: Avnv wK gRv! wK gRv!! g‡bi Avb‡›` †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kwi|
ivYx-2: cvqLvbv †P‡c‡Q, e`bv wb‡q cvqLvbvq hvB|
16 17Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
3qAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwe cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m nvZ bv ay‡q Ny‡i †eov‡”Q Ges ivYx cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ cwi®‹vi Ki‡Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixMY eyS‡e †h cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡j Wvqwiqv cÖwZ‡iva Kiv hvq
iwe-3: Avwg iwe| cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avqvi avi avwi bv| †K GZ Kó K‡i! g‡bi Avb‡›` †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kwi|
4_©Awfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwe Zvi †QvU fvB‡K †Lvjv ¯’v‡b cvqLvbv Kiv‡”Q/ivYx Zvi †QvU †evb‡K wbw`©ó RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kiv‡”Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixMY eyS‡e †h 3-5 erm‡ii fvB‡evb‡`i‡K wbw`©ó RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kiv‡j Wvqwiqv n‡e bv
iwe-4: Avwg iwe| Wvqwiqvi avi avwi bv| fvB ZzBI g‡bi Avb‡›` †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Ki|
ivYx-4: †evb Zzwg †Zv †QvU| Zzwg cÖwZw`b wbw`©ó RvqMvq cvqLvbv Ki‡e| 5 eQi n‡j cvqLvbvq hv‡e|
ivYx-3: Avwg ivYx| ivRcyÎ e‡j‡Q, cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q nvZ bv ay‡j Wvqwiqv n‡e| (KviY nv‡Z cvqLvbv Ges †iv‡Mi RxevYy †j‡M _v‡K hv Lvev‡ii mv‡_ †c‡U hvq|)
5gAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwe nvZ bv ay‡q †Lvjv Lvevi Lv‡”Q Ges ivYxi Lvevi XvKv Av‡Q Ges Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q wb‡”Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixiv eyS‡e †h LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q fvjfv‡e `yB nvZ †aŠZ Ki‡j Wvqwiqv nq bv Ges Lvevi Av‡M nvZ †avqvi Af¨vm Ki‡e
iwe-5: Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avqv? †K Avevi GZ Kó K‡i? fvB ZzB nvZ bv ay‡qB Lv|
ivYx-6: Avwg ivYx| ivRcyÎ Avgv‡K e‡j‡Q iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci `uvZ eªvk bv Ki‡j Ges cÖwZ mßv‡n bL bv KuvU‡j Wvqwiqv n‡e| (KviY `uv‡Zi duv‡K cuPv Lvevi Ges b‡Li †Kvbvq RxevYy R‡g _v‡K hv †c‡U hvq|)
6ôAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwe mKv‡j LvIqvi ci I iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M `uvZ eªvk Avi wbqwgZ bL Kv‡U bv Ges ivYx mKv‡j LvIqvi ci I iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M `uvZ eªvk Avi wbqwgZ bL Kv‡U
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixiv eyS‡e †h `uvZ eªvk Avi wbqwgZ bL KvU‡j Wvqwiqv nq bv
mKv‡j LvIqvi ci I iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M
ivYx-5: bv †evb, Avwg Lvevi Av‡M Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q †bB| KviY nv‡Z †j‡M _vKv cvqLvbv ev †ivM RxevYy †`Lv hvq bv| mvevb w`‡q nvZ bv ay‡j †mB RxevYy †c‡U †M‡j Wvqwiqv n‡e|
iwe-6: Avwg iwe| Avwg iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci `uvZ eªvk Kwi bv Avi mßv‡n mßv‡n bL KvUvi aviB avwi bv|
fvB †`LwQm, †Zvi nv‡Zi eo eo bL KZ my›`i †`Lvq|
18 19Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
3qAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwe cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m nvZ bv ay‡q Ny‡i †eov‡”Q Ges ivYx cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ cwi®‹vi Ki‡Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixMY eyS‡e †h cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡j Wvqwiqv cÖwZ‡iva Kiv hvq
iwe-3: Avwg iwe| cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avqvi avi avwi bv| †K GZ Kó K‡i! g‡bi Avb‡›` †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kwi|
4_©Awfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwe Zvi †QvU fvB‡K †Lvjv ¯’v‡b cvqLvbv Kiv‡”Q/ivYx Zvi †QvU †evb‡K wbw`©ó RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kiv‡”Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixMY eyS‡e †h 3-5 erm‡ii fvB‡evb‡`i‡K wbw`©ó RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kiv‡j Wvqwiqv n‡e bv
iwe-4: Avwg iwe| Wvqwiqvi avi avwi bv| fvB ZzBI g‡bi Avb‡›` †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Ki|
ivYx-4: †evb Zzwg †Zv †QvU| Zzwg cÖwZw`b wbw`©ó RvqMvq cvqLvbv Ki‡e| 5 eQi n‡j cvqLvbvq hv‡e|
ivYx-3: Avwg ivYx| ivRcyÎ e‡j‡Q, cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q nvZ bv ay‡j Wvqwiqv n‡e| (KviY nv‡Z cvqLvbv Ges †iv‡Mi RxevYy †j‡M _v‡K hv Lvev‡ii mv‡_ †c‡U hvq|)
5gAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwe nvZ bv ay‡q †Lvjv Lvevi Lv‡”Q Ges ivYxi Lvevi XvKv Av‡Q Ges Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q wb‡”Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixiv eyS‡e †h LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q fvjfv‡e `yB nvZ †aŠZ Ki‡j Wvqwiqv nq bv Ges Lvevi Av‡M nvZ †avqvi Af¨vm Ki‡e
iwe-5: Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avqv? †K Avevi GZ Kó K‡i? fvB ZzB nvZ bv ay‡qB Lv|
ivYx-6: Avwg ivYx| ivRcyÎ Avgv‡K e‡j‡Q iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci `uvZ eªvk bv Ki‡j Ges cÖwZ mßv‡n bL bv KuvU‡j Wvqwiqv n‡e| (KviY `uv‡Zi duv‡K cuPv Lvevi Ges b‡Li †Kvbvq RxevYy R‡g _v‡K hv †c‡U hvq|)
6ôAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwe mKv‡j LvIqvi ci I iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M `uvZ eªvk Avi wbqwgZ bL Kv‡U bv Ges ivYx mKv‡j LvIqvi ci I iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M `uvZ eªvk Avi wbqwgZ bL Kv‡U
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixiv eyS‡e †h `uvZ eªvk Avi wbqwgZ bL KvU‡j Wvqwiqv nq bv
mKv‡j LvIqvi ci I iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M
ivYx-5: bv †evb, Avwg Lvevi Av‡M Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q †bB| KviY nv‡Z †j‡M _vKv cvqLvbv ev †ivM RxevYy †`Lv hvq bv| mvevb w`‡q nvZ bv ay‡j †mB RxevYy †c‡U †M‡j Wvqwiqv n‡e|
iwe-6: Avwg iwe| Avwg iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci `uvZ eªvk Kwi bv Avi mßv‡n mßv‡n bL KvUvi aviB avwi bv|
fvB †`LwQm, †Zvi nv‡Zi eo eo bL KZ my›`i †`Lvq|
18 19Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
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cwiwPwZ: iwe Zvi fvB‡K †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv †dj‡Z Drmvn w`‡”Q Avi ivYx Zvi †QvU †evb‡K wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv AveR©bv †dj‡Z ej‡Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixiv eyS‡e †h, †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv bv †d‡j wbw`©ó M‡Z© †dj‡j †ivM RxevYy Qovq bv, WvqwiqvI nq bv
ivYx-7: bv †evb, †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv †djv wVK bv| ivRcyÎ Avgv‡K e‡j‡Q gqjv AveR©bv wbw`©ó M‡Z©i g‡a¨ †dj‡Z nq| G‡Z cwi‡ek fv‡jv _v‡K Ges †ivM evjvB Qovq bv|
iwe-7: fvB, ZzB g‡bi Avb‡›` †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv †dj| GZ Kó K‡i wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv AveR©bv †K †d‡j?
8gAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwei Wvqwiqv n‡q‡Q wKš‘ ivYxi Wvqwiqv nqwb
D‡Ïk¨: GB KvW© †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY Rvb‡eb, ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi bv Ki‡j, †Lvjv Lvevi †L‡j I mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ bv ay‡j Ges wbqwgZ `uvZ eªvk I bL bv KvU‡j Wvqwiqv nq
iwe-8: I‡i evev‡i! †c‡U e¨_v! g‡i †Mjvg! Avgvi mgv‡b cvZjv cvqLvbv n‡”Q! KviY Avwg:Ÿ cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi
Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB bvŸ Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB bvŸ †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv KwiŸ iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci
`uvZ eªvk Kwi bvŸ wbqwgZ bL KvwU bv GesŸ †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv †dwj|
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cwiwPwZ: iwe‡K ¯^v¯’¨‡K›`ª/nvmcvZv‡j wb‡q hvIqv n‡”Q Ges ivYx dz‡ji gvjv Mjvq w`‡q e‡m †iwWI ïb‡Q|
D‡Ïk¨: GB Awfbq †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY, myôz cqtwb®‹vkb I wbqwgZfv‡e ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Abykxjb bv Ki‡j, Gi cwiYwZ iwei gZ Wvqwiqvq AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i GgbwK g„Zz¨I NU‡Z cv‡i, GB welqwU Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
ivYx-9: wK gRv! wK gRv! Avwg me mgq wbqg †g‡b P‡jwQ| ZvB Avgvi Wvqwiqv nqwb| †`L, †`L ivRcyÎ Avgv‡K cyi¯‹vi w`‡q‡Q!
iwe-9: Avnv‡i! Avwg GLb Lye Amy¯’, nvmcvZv‡j hvw”Q| Avwg my¯’ n‡q wd‡i G‡j ivYxi g‡Zv me wbqg †g‡b Pj‡ev-
Ÿ †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Ki‡ev bv;
Ÿ Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ay‡ev;
Ÿ cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci fv‡jvfv‡e mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ay‡ev;
Ÿ iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci `uvZ eªvk Ki‡ev;
Ÿ cÖwZ mßv‡n bL KvU‡ev Ges
Ÿ wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv-AveR©bv †dj‡ev|
Ÿ †Zvgiv KL‡bv G fzj Ki‡e bv, ivYxi g‡Zv me wbqg †g‡b Pj‡e|
20 21Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
ivYx-8: bv †evb, Avwg Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q †bB| KviY nv‡Z †j‡M _vKv †iv‡Mi RxevYy ev gqjv †`Lv hvq bv| †mB RxevYy †c‡U †M‡j Wvqwiqv nq| Avwg me wbqg †g‡b Pwj-!
! Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ ayB ! †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kwi bv! iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M Ges mKv‡j LvIqvi ci uvZ eªvk Kwi! cÖwZ mßv‡n bL KuvwU Ges ! wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv AveR©bv †dwj|
cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ ayB
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cwiwPwZ: iwe Zvi fvB‡K †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv †dj‡Z Drmvn w`‡”Q Avi ivYx Zvi †QvU †evb‡K wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv AveR©bv †dj‡Z ej‡Q
D‡Ïk¨: GB Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixiv eyS‡e †h, †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv bv †d‡j wbw`©ó M‡Z© †dj‡j †ivM RxevYy Qovq bv, WvqwiqvI nq bv
ivYx-7: bv †evb, †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv †djv wVK bv| ivRcyÎ Avgv‡K e‡j‡Q gqjv AveR©bv wbw`©ó M‡Z©i g‡a¨ †dj‡Z nq| G‡Z cwi‡ek fv‡jv _v‡K Ges †ivM evjvB Qovq bv|
iwe-7: fvB, ZzB g‡bi Avb‡›` †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv †dj| GZ Kó K‡i wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv AveR©bv †K †d‡j?
8gAwfbq
cwiwPwZ: iwei Wvqwiqv n‡q‡Q wKš‘ ivYxi Wvqwiqv nqwb
D‡Ïk¨: GB KvW© †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY Rvb‡eb, ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi bv Ki‡j, †Lvjv Lvevi †L‡j I mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ bv ay‡j Ges wbqwgZ `uvZ eªvk I bL bv KvU‡j Wvqwiqv nq
iwe-8: I‡i evev‡i! †c‡U e¨_v! g‡i †Mjvg! Avgvi mgv‡b cvZjv cvqLvbv n‡”Q! KviY Avwg:Ÿ cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi
Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB bvŸ Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB bvŸ †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv KwiŸ iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci
`uvZ eªvk Kwi bvŸ wbqwgZ bL KvwU bv GesŸ †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv AveR©bv †dwj|
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cwiwPwZ: iwe‡K ¯^v¯’¨‡K›`ª/nvmcvZv‡j wb‡q hvIqv n‡”Q Ges ivYx dz‡ji gvjv Mjvq w`‡q e‡m †iwWI ïb‡Q|
D‡Ïk¨: GB Awfbq †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY, myôz cqtwb®‹vkb I wbqwgZfv‡e ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Abykxjb bv Ki‡j, Gi cwiYwZ iwei gZ Wvqwiqvq AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i GgbwK g„Zz¨I NU‡Z cv‡i, GB welqwU Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
ivYx-9: wK gRv! wK gRv! Avwg me mgq wbqg †g‡b P‡jwQ| ZvB Avgvi Wvqwiqv nqwb| †`L, †`L ivRcyÎ Avgv‡K cyi¯‹vi w`‡q‡Q!
iwe-9: Avnv‡i! Avwg GLb Lye Amy¯’, nvmcvZv‡j hvw”Q| Avwg my¯’ n‡q wd‡i G‡j ivYxi g‡Zv me wbqg †g‡b Pj‡ev-
Ÿ †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Ki‡ev bv;
Ÿ Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ay‡ev;
Ÿ cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci fv‡jvfv‡e mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ay‡ev;
Ÿ iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci `uvZ eªvk Ki‡ev;
Ÿ cÖwZ mßv‡n bL KvU‡ev Ges
Ÿ wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv-AveR©bv †dj‡ev|
Ÿ †Zvgiv KL‡bv G fzj Ki‡e bv, ivYxi g‡Zv me wbqg †g‡b Pj‡e|
20 21Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
ivYx-8: bv †evb, Avwg Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q †bB| KviY nv‡Z †j‡M _vKv †iv‡Mi RxevYy ev gqjv †`Lv hvq bv| †mB RxevYy †c‡U †M‡j Wvqwiqv nq| Avwg me wbqg †g‡b Pwj-!
! Lvevi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ ayB ! †Lvjv RvqMvq cvqLvbv Kwi bv! iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M Ges mKv‡j LvIqvi ci uvZ eªvk Kwi! cÖwZ mßv‡n bL KuvwU Ges ! wbw`©ó M‡Z© gqjv AveR©bv †dwj|
cvqLvbv †_‡K G‡m Ges †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ ayB
†jvK msMxZ ¯ŒxÞ
nvBwR‡bi evZ©v mw¤^wjZ †jvK msMxZ w¯ŒÞ Zix Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges P‡ii †Kvb †Lvjv‡gjv ’v‡b †hLv‡b MYmgv‡ek Kiv hvq †mLv‡b GK`j †dvK Mvq‡Ki gva¨‡g MvIqv n‡e|
D‡Ïk¨: KwgDwbwUi MYgvbyl‡K (†Q‡j-†g‡q, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix, bvix-cyiæl, e„×-e„×v) GKB mg‡q nvBwR‡bi mKj evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY †dvK Mv‡bi Av‡qvRb Ki‡eb| †h Rb¨ Zviv Av‡M †_‡K cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb A_©vr GjvKvi †jvKRb‡K Rvbv‡eb, cÖ‡qvR‡b gvBwKsI Kiv jvM‡Z cv‡i|
AskMÖnYKvix: MYgvbyl|
mgq: 1 NÈv|
RvwiMvb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK nvBwRb welqK RvwiMvb ïiæi Av‡M RvwiMv‡bi D‡Ïk¨ Zz‡j ai‡eb Ges Kvi mv‡_ P‡ii ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxqZv mswÿß AvKv‡i Dc¯’ vcb Ki‡eb| Zvic‡i wZwb AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K RvwiMvb ïbvi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡eb|
MY mgv‡e‡k †dvK/Rvwi Mvb MvIqvi Av‡M MvqK wb‡R Rvwi Mvb MvIqvi D‡Ïk¨ Zvi gZ K‡i eY©bv Ki‡eb Ges mKj‡K g‡bvhvM mnKv‡i Mv‡bi K_ ev evZ©v¸‡jv ïbvi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Ki‡eb| Zvici MvqK Zvi jmn nvBwRb RvwiMvb MvIqv ïiæ Ki‡eb|
RvwiMvb †k‡l MvqK k©K‡`i KvQ †_‡K Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb-
ŸMvb †Kgb jvM‡jv;
ŸMv‡bi K_v¸‡jv Øviv wK eySv †Mj Ges mv‡_ wZwb `k©K‡`i ejv evZ©v¸‡jv Avevi MvB‡eb;
Mvq‡Ki Mvb I K_v †kl n‡j mnvqK `k©K‡`i AbyfzwZ Rvb‡eb Ges cÖwZkÖæwZ MÖnY Ki‡eb †hb Avgiv mevB wg‡j nvBwR‡bi/ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm¸‡jv cvjb Kwi I my¯’ _vwK| cwi‡k‡l `k©K‡`i ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †kl Ki‡eb|
MY mgv‡ek
MY mgv‡ek I †dvK Mvb
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
5 wgwbU
45 wgwbU
10 wgwbU
w¯ŒÞ, MvqK `j, gvBK I ev`K hš¿
22 23Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
nvBwRb RvwiMvbiPbvq: AvjgMxi †PŠayix
Av‡i-†kv‡bb †kv‡bb fvB †ev‡biv †kv‡bb w`qv gbwmwWI Avcv/fvB AvB‡jv P‡i Ki‡Z m‡PZb
nvq‡i Ki‡Z m‡PZb-2
20wU evZ©v wbqv AvB‡Q nvBwRb Avcv gwb/fvBRvbAvmyb mevB Pievmx nvBwRb evZ©v¸wj ïwb
nvq‡i evZ©v¸wj ïwb-2
ayay evjyi weivb cv_vi P‡iiI Rxeb†ivM evjvB‡q Riv-RxY© †kv‡bb RbMYnvBwRb Avci Kv‡Q wKQz Av‡Q mgvavb
nvBwRb ïwb Avmyb P‡ii RbMY-2
evZ©v¸wj ïb‡j †gv‡`i n‡e bv ¯^v¯’¨nvwbevZ©v¸wj Avgiv mevB gb w`qv ïwb
nvq‡i gb w`qv ïwb-2
LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q †ave `yB nvZwkïi †ejvq nvZ †avqv hvqbv †hb ev`
nvq‡i hvqbv †hb ev` -2
gj Z¨vM Avi wkïi †kŠP Kiv‡bvi c‡invZ †ave †MvqvjNi cwi¯‹v‡ii c‡i
nvZ †ave †ÿ‡Zi g‡a¨ wel †`qvi cinvZ w`qv †ivM-RxevYy †`‡n ev‡Ü Ni
K‡g©i `yÕwU nvZ hvnvi †ekx †ekx †ivRMvi Zvnvi-2
ayB‡eb mevB fvjfv‡e wb‡Ri `yB nvZGB K_vUv †kv‡bb mevB hvqbv †hb ev`
nvq‡i hvqbv †hb ev`-2
mevB wg‡j e¨envi Kwi m¨vwbUvix j¨vwUªbcvqLvbv cwi¯‹vi Kiv bq‡Zv Lye KwVb
nvq‡i bq‡Zv Lye KwVb-2
mv‡Ûj cv‡q cvqLvbv‡Z hvIqv PvqB PvB Lvwj cv‡qi g‡a¨ w`qv RxevYy DrivB
†jvK msMxZ ¯ŒxÞ
nvBwR‡bi evZ©v mw¤^wjZ †jvK msMxZ w¯ŒÞ Zix Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges P‡ii †Kvb †Lvjv‡gjv ’v‡b †hLv‡b MYmgv‡ek Kiv hvq †mLv‡b GK`j †dvK Mvq‡Ki gva¨‡g MvIqv n‡e|
D‡Ïk¨: KwgDwbwUi MYgvbyl‡K (†Q‡j-†g‡q, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix, bvix-cyiæl, e„×-e„×v) GKB mg‡q nvBwR‡bi mKj evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY †dvK Mv‡bi Av‡qvRb Ki‡eb| †h Rb¨ Zviv Av‡M †_‡K cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb A_©vr GjvKvi †jvKRb‡K Rvbv‡eb, cÖ‡qvR‡b gvBwKsI Kiv jvM‡Z cv‡i|
AskMÖnYKvix: MYgvbyl|
mgq: 1 NÈv|
RvwiMvb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK nvBwRb welqK RvwiMvb ïiæi Av‡M RvwiMv‡bi D‡Ïk¨ Zz‡j ai‡eb Ges Kvi mv‡_ P‡ii ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxqZv mswÿß AvKv‡i Dc¯’ vcb Ki‡eb| Zvic‡i wZwb AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K RvwiMvb ïbvi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡eb|
MY mgv‡e‡k †dvK/Rvwi Mvb MvIqvi Av‡M MvqK wb‡R Rvwi Mvb MvIqvi D‡Ïk¨ Zvi gZ K‡i eY©bv Ki‡eb Ges mKj‡K g‡bvhvM mnKv‡i Mv‡bi K_ ev evZ©v¸‡jv ïbvi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Ki‡eb| Zvici MvqK Zvi jmn nvBwRb RvwiMvb MvIqv ïiæ Ki‡eb|
RvwiMvb †k‡l MvqK k©K‡`i KvQ †_‡K Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb-
ŸMvb †Kgb jvM‡jv;
ŸMv‡bi K_v¸‡jv Øviv wK eySv †Mj Ges mv‡_ wZwb `k©K‡`i ejv evZ©v¸‡jv Avevi MvB‡eb;
Mvq‡Ki Mvb I K_v †kl n‡j mnvqK `k©K‡`i AbyfzwZ Rvb‡eb Ges cÖwZkÖæwZ MÖnY Ki‡eb †hb Avgiv mevB wg‡j nvBwR‡bi/ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm¸‡jv cvjb Kwi I my¯’ _vwK| cwi‡k‡l `k©K‡`i ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †kl Ki‡eb|
MY mgv‡ek
MY mgv‡ek I †dvK Mvb
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
5 wgwbU
45 wgwbU
10 wgwbU
w¯ŒÞ, MvqK `j, gvBK I ev`K hš¿
22 23Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
nvBwRb RvwiMvbiPbvq: AvjgMxi †PŠayix
Av‡i-†kv‡bb †kv‡bb fvB †ev‡biv †kv‡bb w`qv gbwmwWI Avcv/fvB AvB‡jv P‡i Ki‡Z m‡PZb
nvq‡i Ki‡Z m‡PZb-2
20wU evZ©v wbqv AvB‡Q nvBwRb Avcv gwb/fvBRvbAvmyb mevB Pievmx nvBwRb evZ©v¸wj ïwb
nvq‡i evZ©v¸wj ïwb-2
ayay evjyi weivb cv_vi P‡iiI Rxeb†ivM evjvB‡q Riv-RxY© †kv‡bb RbMYnvBwRb Avci Kv‡Q wKQz Av‡Q mgvavb
nvBwRb ïwb Avmyb P‡ii RbMY-2
evZ©v¸wj ïb‡j †gv‡`i n‡e bv ¯^v¯’¨nvwbevZ©v¸wj Avgiv mevB gb w`qv ïwb
nvq‡i gb w`qv ïwb-2
LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q †ave `yB nvZwkïi †ejvq nvZ †avqv hvqbv †hb ev`
nvq‡i hvqbv †hb ev` -2
gj Z¨vM Avi wkïi †kŠP Kiv‡bvi c‡invZ †ave †MvqvjNi cwi¯‹v‡ii c‡i
nvZ †ave †ÿ‡Zi g‡a¨ wel †`qvi cinvZ w`qv †ivM-RxevYy †`‡n ev‡Ü Ni
K‡g©i `yÕwU nvZ hvnvi †ekx †ekx †ivRMvi Zvnvi-2
ayB‡eb mevB fvjfv‡e wb‡Ri `yB nvZGB K_vUv †kv‡bb mevB hvqbv †hb ev`
nvq‡i hvqbv †hb ev`-2
mevB wg‡j e¨envi Kwi m¨vwbUvix j¨vwUªbcvqLvbv cwi¯‹vi Kiv bq‡Zv Lye KwVb
nvq‡i bq‡Zv Lye KwVb-2
mv‡Ûj cv‡q cvqLvbv‡Z hvIqv PvqB PvB Lvwj cv‡qi g‡a¨ w`qv RxevYy DrivB
Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivwLcvwb fivi Av‡M Kjm †g‡R †b‡eb bvwK
nvq‡i †g‡R †b‡eb bvwK-2
XvKbv w`qv cvwbi Kjm enb Kiv PvBGKUz Lvwb DuPz ¯’v‡b †i‡L †`‡eb fvB
nvq‡i †i‡L †`‡eb fvB-2
mwVK fv‡e cvb Ki‡j wbivc` cvwbn‡e bv Avi †ivM evjvB †gv‡`i ¯^v¯’¨nvwb
nvq‡i †gv‡`i ¯^v¯’¨nvwb-2
mKvj‡ejv LvIqv ci gvR‡eb Avcbvi `uvZ ivB‡Zi †ejvq ïqvi Av‡M hvq bv †hb ev`
emZ evoxi Pvi cv‡k AviMiæi †Mvqvj Lvbv
cqtcwi¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡eGUv †gv‡`i Rvbv
†kv‡bb †kv‡bb fvB †ev‡biv †kv‡bb w`qv gbwmwWI Avcv AvB‡jv †gv‡`i Ki‡Z m‡PZb
nvq‡i Ki‡Z m‡PZb-2
my¯’ _vKvi †miv Dcvq †R‡b †MwQ fvBGlb †_‡K †g‡b Pj‡Z Avgiv KiwQ Aw½Kvi, nvq‡i KiwQ Aw½Kvi|
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
RvwiMvb I Ab¨vb¨ m‡PZbZvg~jK Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi ci `k©K‡`i g‡a¨ ZvrÿwYKfv‡e GKwU cÖwZwµqvi m„wó nq Ges ZLB wb‡R‡`i‡K Zviv cwieZ©b Ki‡Z Pvq| mnvqK RvwiMvb †k‡l mnvqK/MvqK `k©K‡`i KvQ †_‡K ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cvj‡bi Aw½Kvi K‡i kc_ †ev‡W© ^vÿi Kivi AvnŸvb Ki‡eb-
ŸRbmgv‡ek (Mass getharing) Gi w`‡b kc_ †evW© GKwU wbw`ó ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e †hb †bZ…¯’vbxqiv †ev‡W© ¯^vÿi Ki‡Z cv‡ib
Ÿ†jvKmgvMg ’v‡b kc_ †evW© ’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
kca †ev‡W© ^vÿi Kiv †kl n‡j, mnvqK k©K‡`i ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœvËi, MY mgv‡ek Kv‡j MY ¯^vÿi MÖnY
15 wgwbU kc_ †evW© I mvBb †cb
24 25Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
kc_ †evW© (Pledge Board)
kc_ †evW© KwgDwbwU gvby‡li nvBwRb Af¨vm Abykxj‡bi cÖwZkÖæwZ Kivi GKwU †evW© †hLv‡b mevB nvZ‡avqv, ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi, wbivc` cvwb e¨env‡ii kc_ K‡i ^vÿi Ki‡e Ges GB kc_ †evW©wU MÖv‡gi GKwU wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b Szwj‡q ivLv nq| mvaviYZ: †h †Kvb MY mgv‡e‡ki/MY m‡PZbZvi w`‡b GB kc_ †ev‡W© ^vÿi Kiv nq|
D‡Ïk¨
Ÿkc_ †evW© gvby‡li ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ Aw½Kvi Ki‡e, welqwUi mv‡_ mK‡jB HK¨gZ †cvlb K‡i ¯^vÿi Ki‡eb;
ŸRbmgv‡e‡k we‡kl K‡i †jvK msMxZ Gi w`‡b RbMY nv&BwRb Af¨vm¸‡jv cvj‡b DØy× n‡j ÔAvgiv mK‡jB AvR; ÔnvZ ayeÕ I mK‡ji my-¯^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ GB g‡g© Aw½Kvi K‡i ^vÿi Ki‡eb;
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY †dvK Mv‡bi Av‡qvRb Ki‡e;
¯’vb: †hLv‡b MY mgv‡ek AbywôZ n‡e;
mgq: 15 wgt|
kc_ †evW© ¯^vÿi cÖwµqv
Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivwLcvwb fivi Av‡M Kjm †g‡R †b‡eb bvwK
nvq‡i †g‡R †b‡eb bvwK-2
XvKbv w`qv cvwbi Kjm enb Kiv PvBGKUz Lvwb DuPz ¯’v‡b †i‡L †`‡eb fvB
nvq‡i †i‡L †`‡eb fvB-2
mwVK fv‡e cvb Ki‡j wbivc` cvwbn‡e bv Avi †ivM evjvB †gv‡`i ¯^v¯’¨nvwb
nvq‡i †gv‡`i ¯^v¯’¨nvwb-2
mKvj‡ejv LvIqv ci gvR‡eb Avcbvi `uvZ ivB‡Zi †ejvq ïqvi Av‡M hvq bv †hb ev`
emZ evoxi Pvi cv‡k AviMiæi †Mvqvj Lvbv
cqtcwi¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡eGUv †gv‡`i Rvbv
†kv‡bb †kv‡bb fvB †ev‡biv †kv‡bb w`qv gbwmwWI Avcv AvB‡jv †gv‡`i Ki‡Z m‡PZb
nvq‡i Ki‡Z m‡PZb-2
my¯’ _vKvi †miv Dcvq †R‡b †MwQ fvBGlb †_‡K †g‡b Pj‡Z Avgiv KiwQ Aw½Kvi, nvq‡i KiwQ Aw½Kvi|
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
RvwiMvb I Ab¨vb¨ m‡PZbZvg~jK Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi ci `k©K‡`i g‡a¨ ZvrÿwYKfv‡e GKwU cÖwZwµqvi m„wó nq Ges ZLB wb‡R‡`i‡K Zviv cwieZ©b Ki‡Z Pvq| mnvqK RvwiMvb †k‡l mnvqK/MvqK `k©K‡`i KvQ †_‡K ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cvj‡bi Aw½Kvi K‡i kc_ †ev‡W© ^vÿi Kivi AvnŸvb Ki‡eb-
ŸRbmgv‡ek (Mass getharing) Gi w`‡b kc_ †evW© GKwU wbw`ó ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e †hb †bZ…¯’vbxqiv †ev‡W© ¯^vÿi Ki‡Z cv‡ib
Ÿ†jvKmgvMg ’v‡b kc_ †evW© ’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
kca †ev‡W© ^vÿi Kiv †kl n‡j, mnvqK k©K‡`i ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœvËi, MY mgv‡ek Kv‡j MY ¯^vÿi MÖnY
15 wgwbU kc_ †evW© I mvBb †cb
24 25Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
kc_ †evW© (Pledge Board)
kc_ †evW© KwgDwbwU gvby‡li nvBwRb Af¨vm Abykxj‡bi cÖwZkÖæwZ Kivi GKwU †evW© †hLv‡b mevB nvZ‡avqv, ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi, wbivc` cvwb e¨env‡ii kc_ K‡i ^vÿi Ki‡e Ges GB kc_ †evW©wU MÖv‡gi GKwU wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b Szwj‡q ivLv nq| mvaviYZ: †h †Kvb MY mgv‡e‡ki/MY m‡PZbZvi w`‡b GB kc_ †ev‡W© ^vÿi Kiv nq|
D‡Ïk¨
Ÿkc_ †evW© gvby‡li ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ Aw½Kvi Ki‡e, welqwUi mv‡_ mK‡jB HK¨gZ †cvlb K‡i ¯^vÿi Ki‡eb;
ŸRbmgv‡e‡k we‡kl K‡i †jvK msMxZ Gi w`‡b RbMY nv&BwRb Af¨vm¸‡jv cvj‡b DØy× n‡j ÔAvgiv mK‡jB AvR; ÔnvZ ayeÕ I mK‡ji my-¯^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ GB g‡g© Aw½Kvi K‡i ^vÿi Ki‡eb;
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY †dvK Mv‡bi Av‡qvRb Ki‡e;
¯’vb: †hLv‡b MY mgv‡ek AbywôZ n‡e;
mgq: 15 wgt|
kc_ †evW© ¯^vÿi cÖwµqv
mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avemevB wg‡j my¯’ i‡ev
1 I 2. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M I cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ ayB
2. cwiev‡ii mevB †kŠPKvh© Kivi c‡i mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ ayB
3. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M I cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
4. †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci ev KxUbvkK e¨env‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki ÔnvZ †avqvÕ D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK nvZ †avqvi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ nvZ †avqvi Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges †Kvb mgq Ges wKfv‡e nvZ ay‡Z n‡e welq¸‡jv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK nvZ †avqvi †KŠkj cÖ`k©b K‡i wkwL‡q w`‡eb Ges mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
05 wg:
30 wg:
10 wg:
cU (nvZ †avqv), †cvóvi I cvwb I mvevb
26 27Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cU (Paut) nvZ †avqv
cU n‡jv nvBwR‡bi 5wU Bmy¨i 17wU evZ©v mw¤^wjZ GKwU Qwe cÖ`k©bx| G cÖ`k©bxi gva¨‡g P‡i gv‡qiv nvBwR‡bi evZ©v¸‡jv Rvb‡e, cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Abyfe Ki‡e Ges Abykxjb Ki‡e|
nvZ †avqv †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨:
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMnÖ YKvixMY mwVKfv‡e nvZ †avqvi mgq I wbqg-Kvbby cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY nvZ †avqvi wbw`©ó 5wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: evev-gv, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix| cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨ivI _vK‡Z cv‡i|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 Rb gv I wK‡kvix GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq: 45 wgwbU|
nvZ †avqvi †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
nvZ †avqv
mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avemevB wg‡j my¯’ i‡ev
1 I 2. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M I cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ ayB
2. cwiev‡ii mevB †kŠPKvh© Kivi c‡i mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ ayB
3. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M I cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
4. †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci ev KxUbvkK e¨env‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki ÔnvZ †avqvÕ D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK nvZ †avqvi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ nvZ †avqvi Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges †Kvb mgq Ges wKfv‡e nvZ ay‡Z n‡e welq¸‡jv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK nvZ †avqvi †KŠkj cÖ`k©b K‡i wkwL‡q w`‡eb Ges mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
05 wg:
30 wg:
10 wg:
cU (nvZ †avqv), †cvóvi I cvwb I mvevb
26 27Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cU (Paut) nvZ †avqv
cU n‡jv nvBwR‡bi 5wU Bmy¨i 17wU evZ©v mw¤^wjZ GKwU Qwe cÖ`k©bx| G cÖ`k©bxi gva¨‡g P‡i gv‡qiv nvBwR‡bi evZ©v¸‡jv Rvb‡e, cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Abyfe Ki‡e Ges Abykxjb Ki‡e|
nvZ †avqv †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨:
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMnÖ YKvixMY mwVKfv‡e nvZ †avqvi mgq I wbqg-Kvbby cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY nvZ †avqvi wbw`©ó 5wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: evev-gv, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix| cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨ivI _vK‡Z cv‡i|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 Rb gv I wK‡kvix GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq: 45 wgwbU|
nvZ †avqvi †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
nvZ †avqv
mnvqK Z_¨ (wmwWI, ¯^v¯’¨ ev cywó Kg©xMY e¨envi Ki‡eb)
nvZ †avqvi ¸iæZ¡cÖvZ¨wnK bvbv Kv‡Ri Kvi‡Y Avgv‡`i nv‡Z ^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ ¶wZKviK bvbviKg RxevYyi ms¯ú‡k© Av‡m| nvZ mwVKfv‡e cwi¯‹vi Kiv bv n‡j GB †ivM RxevYy ïay wb‡Ri bq A‡b¨i ¯^v‡¯’¨iI ¶wZi KviY n‡Z cv‡i; Ggb wK g„Zz¨I NUv‡Z cv‡i| gj Z¨v‡Mi ci Avgiv †kŠP KvR K‡i _vwK| †kŠP KvR Ki‡j nv‡Z †ivM RxevYy jvM‡eB| wKš‘ †m †bvsiv nvZ hw` mvevb Øviv fvjfv‡e bv †avqv nq Z‡e †m nvZ w`‡q hv wKQz aiv ev Kiv n‡e Zv Aek¨B `~wlZ n‡e| Gfv‡e bjKz‡ci nvZj I gyL, cvwbi cvÎ, _vjv evmb, Lv`¨ `ªe¨ BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g †ivM RxevYy GKR‡bi KvQ †_‡K Ab¨R‡bi kix‡i msµwgZ nq|
wbw`©ó wbq‡g 5 evi `yÕnvZ mvevb w`‡q fvjfv‡e ay‡j Avgiv Wvqwiqv, Avgvkq, RwÛm, †ncvUvBwUm, K…wg BZ¨vw` †ivM †_‡K †invB †c‡Z cvwi| GQvovI mvevb w`‡q yÕnvZ ay‡q Avgiv †mvqvBb d¬y, evW© d¬ymn Pÿz I Z¡‡Ki msµgY cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z cvwi|
5wU we‡kl mg‡q mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avqv Riæix (gv‡q‡`i Rb¨)
1. 5 eQ‡ii bx‡P ev”Pv‡`i Lvevi LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M yB nvZ mvevb w`‡q †avqv
2. cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv
3. gj Z¨v‡Mi ci †kŠP K‡i mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv
4. ev”Pvi gj cwi®‹vi Ges †kŠP Kiv‡bvi ci mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv
5. †Mvqvj Ni cwi¯‹vi Kivi ci / KxUbvkK e¨env‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv|
1. cvwb‡Z nvZ fv‡jvfv‡e wfwR‡q wb‡Z n‡e
2. yB nv‡Z †g‡Lmvevb wb‡Z n‡e 3. `yB nvZ fvj fv‡e N‡l †dbv Zzj‡Z n‡e
4. `yB nv‡Zi Zvjy GKÎ K‡i GK nv‡Zi `yB Av½y‡ji gv‡S Ab¨ nv‡Zi GK Av½yj †i‡L Av‡M wcQ‡b K‡i mvev‡bi †dbv w`‡q fv‡jvfv‡e N‡l wb‡Z n‡e
8. cwi®‹vi MvgQv/†Zvqv‡j w`‡q `yB nvZ fv‡jvfv‡e gy‡Q A_ev ïwK‡q wb‡Z n‡e
7. cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q `yB nvZ fv‡jvfv‡e ay‡q wb‡Z n‡e
6. nvZ gyV K‡i e„×v½yjx w`‡q e„ËvKv‡i N‡l wb‡Z n‡e
5. yB nvZ gyV K‡i GK nv‡Zi Av½yj Ab¨ nv‡Zi Zvjy‡Z †i‡L Nywi‡q Nywi‡q mvev‡bi †dbv w`‡q fv‡jvfv‡e N‡l wb‡Z n‡e
nvZ †avqvi †KŠkj (PvU©wU wkï‡`i Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv n‡e)
28 29Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
mnvqK Z_¨ (wmwWI, ¯^v¯’¨ ev cywó Kg©xMY e¨envi Ki‡eb)
nvZ †avqvi ¸iæZ¡cÖvZ¨wnK bvbv Kv‡Ri Kvi‡Y Avgv‡`i nv‡Z ^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ ¶wZKviK bvbviKg RxevYyi ms¯ú‡k© Av‡m| nvZ mwVKfv‡e cwi¯‹vi Kiv bv n‡j GB †ivM RxevYy ïay wb‡Ri bq A‡b¨i ¯^v‡¯’¨iI ¶wZi KviY n‡Z cv‡i; Ggb wK g„Zz¨I NUv‡Z cv‡i| gj Z¨v‡Mi ci Avgiv †kŠP KvR K‡i _vwK| †kŠP KvR Ki‡j nv‡Z †ivM RxevYy jvM‡eB| wKš‘ †m †bvsiv nvZ hw` mvevb Øviv fvjfv‡e bv †avqv nq Z‡e †m nvZ w`‡q hv wKQz aiv ev Kiv n‡e Zv Aek¨B `~wlZ n‡e| Gfv‡e bjKz‡ci nvZj I gyL, cvwbi cvÎ, _vjv evmb, Lv`¨ `ªe¨ BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g †ivM RxevYy GKR‡bi KvQ †_‡K Ab¨R‡bi kix‡i msµwgZ nq|
wbw`©ó wbq‡g 5 evi `yÕnvZ mvevb w`‡q fvjfv‡e ay‡j Avgiv Wvqwiqv, Avgvkq, RwÛm, †ncvUvBwUm, K…wg BZ¨vw` †ivM †_‡K †invB †c‡Z cvwi| GQvovI mvevb w`‡q yÕnvZ ay‡q Avgiv †mvqvBb d¬y, evW© d¬ymn Pÿz I Z¡‡Ki msµgY cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z cvwi|
5wU we‡kl mg‡q mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avqv Riæix (gv‡q‡`i Rb¨)
1. 5 eQ‡ii bx‡P ev”Pv‡`i Lvevi LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M yB nvZ mvevb w`‡q †avqv
2. cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv
3. gj Z¨v‡Mi ci †kŠP K‡i mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv
4. ev”Pvi gj cwi®‹vi Ges †kŠP Kiv‡bvi ci mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv
5. †Mvqvj Ni cwi¯‹vi Kivi ci / KxUbvkK e¨env‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q yB nvZ †avqv|
1. cvwb‡Z nvZ fv‡jvfv‡e wfwR‡q wb‡Z n‡e
2. yB nv‡Z †g‡Lmvevb wb‡Z n‡e 3. `yB nvZ fvj fv‡e N‡l †dbv Zzj‡Z n‡e
4. `yB nv‡Zi Zvjy GKÎ K‡i GK nv‡Zi `yB Av½y‡ji gv‡S Ab¨ nv‡Zi GK Av½yj †i‡L Av‡M wcQ‡b K‡i mvev‡bi †dbv w`‡q fv‡jvfv‡e N‡l wb‡Z n‡e
8. cwi®‹vi MvgQv/†Zvqv‡j w`‡q `yB nvZ fv‡jvfv‡e gy‡Q A_ev ïwK‡q wb‡Z n‡e
7. cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q `yB nvZ fv‡jvfv‡e ay‡q wb‡Z n‡e
6. nvZ gyV K‡i e„×v½yjx w`‡q e„ËvKv‡i N‡l wb‡Z n‡e
5. yB nvZ gyV K‡i GK nv‡Zi Av½yj Ab¨ nv‡Zi Zvjy‡Z †i‡L Nywi‡q Nywi‡q mvev‡bi †dbv w`‡q fv‡jvfv‡e N‡l wb‡Z n‡e
nvZ †avqvi †KŠkj (PvU©wU wkï‡`i Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv n‡e)
28 29Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi†ivMgy³ Rxeb Mwo
1. cwiev‡ii mevB ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
3. cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii ci wbqwgZ Zv cwi®‹vi I iÿYv‡eÿY Kwi
2. m¨v‡Ûj cv‡q w`‡q cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
cU (Paut) m¨vwb‡Ukb
m¨vwb‡Ukb †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY mwVKfv‡e ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii wbw`©ó 3wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: evev-gv I wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix| cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨ivI _vK‡Z cv‡i|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’v‡b 20-25 Rb gwnjv GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq: 45 wgwbU|
m¨vwb‡Ukb †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMnÖ YKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kkz j wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Ôm¨vwb‡UkbÕ D‡Ïk¨ eYb© v Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi iæZ¡ I c‡Ö qvRxqZv Z‡z j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ m¨vwb‡Ukb Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges wKfv‡e ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Dcv‡q cvqLvbv e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e welq¸‡jv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK GKwU cvqLvbv‡K wKfv‡e ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Dcv‡q e¨envi Kiv hvq Zvi †KŠkj cÖ`k©b K‡i wkwL‡q w`‡eb Ges mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
5 wgwbU
20 wgwbU
20 wgwbU
cU (m¨vwb‡Ukb) I GKwU ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv †hLv‡b mvevb, cvwb I m¨v‡Ûj Av‡Q|
mnvqK Z_¨
m¨vwb‡Uk‡b ev cqtwb®‹vk‡bi aviYvm¨vwb‡Ukb kãwU Øviv Ggb GKwU Ae¯’v‡K †evSv‡bv nq hv ^v¯’¨MZ RxebhvÎv‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avgiv Rvwb †h, †ivMvµvšÍ e¨w³i gj wewfbœ †ivMRxevYyi Drm| wewfbœ evn‡Ki gva¨‡g †hgb: ~wlZ cvwb, †bvsiv nvZ, gvwQ, ~wlZ Lvevi BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g my¯’ e¨w³‡K †ivMvµvšÍ Ki‡Z cv‡i| h_vh_ m¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’v cÖwZôvi gva¨‡gB msµvgK †iv‡Mi we¯Ívi cÖwZ‡iva Kiv hvq| wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’vi g‡Z m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi †¶Î e¨vcK hvi g‡a¨ Lv`¨-m¨vwb‡Ukb, e„wói cvwb wb®‹vkb, KwVb AveR©bv AcmviY I evqy`~lY AšÍf~©³| m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi wewfbœ msÁv i‡q‡Q Z‡e GLv‡b Avgiv m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi wKQz wbw`©ó wel‡qi g‡a¨ mxgve× _vKe| mvaviYfv‡e ej‡Z †M‡j ejv hvq m¨vwb‡Ukb n‡jv cwi‡ek‡K ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z I wbg©j ivLvi Abykxjb| Av‡iv mywbw`©ófv‡e ej‡Z †M‡j ejv hvq, m¨wb‡Ukb n‡jv gvbe e‡R©¨i wbivc` e¨e¯’vcbv hvi d‡j gj wbM©Z RxevYy gy‡L hvevi mÂvjb c‡_ evav vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
AbybœZ ev Dbœqbkxj †`k¸‡jv‡Z Wvqwiqv msµvšÍ †ivM¸‡jv Kgv‡bvi †¶‡Î ev cÖwZ‡iv‡ai †¶‡Î wbivc` cvwb cvb Ges ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi weivU f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i|
30 31Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
m¨vwb‡Ukb
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi†ivMgy³ Rxeb Mwo
1. cwiev‡ii mevB ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
3. cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii ci wbqwgZ Zv cwi®‹vi I iÿYv‡eÿY Kwi
2. m¨v‡Ûj cv‡q w`‡q cvqLvbv e¨envi Kwi
cU (Paut) m¨vwb‡Ukb
m¨vwb‡Ukb †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY mwVKfv‡e ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii wbw`©ó 3wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: evev-gv I wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix| cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨ivI _vK‡Z cv‡i|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’v‡b 20-25 Rb gwnjv GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq: 45 wgwbU|
m¨vwb‡Ukb †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMnÖ YKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kkz j wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Ôm¨vwb‡UkbÕ D‡Ïk¨ eYb© v Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi iæZ¡ I c‡Ö qvRxqZv Z‡z j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ m¨vwb‡Ukb Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges wKfv‡e ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Dcv‡q cvqLvbv e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e welq¸‡jv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK GKwU cvqLvbv‡K wKfv‡e ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Dcv‡q e¨envi Kiv hvq Zvi †KŠkj cÖ`k©b K‡i wkwL‡q w`‡eb Ges mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
5 wgwbU
20 wgwbU
20 wgwbU
cU (m¨vwb‡Ukb) I GKwU ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv †hLv‡b mvevb, cvwb I m¨v‡Ûj Av‡Q|
mnvqK Z_¨
m¨vwb‡Uk‡b ev cqtwb®‹vk‡bi aviYvm¨vwb‡Ukb kãwU Øviv Ggb GKwU Ae¯’v‡K †evSv‡bv nq hv ^v¯’¨MZ RxebhvÎv‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avgiv Rvwb †h, †ivMvµvšÍ e¨w³i gj wewfbœ †ivMRxevYyi Drm| wewfbœ evn‡Ki gva¨‡g †hgb: ~wlZ cvwb, †bvsiv nvZ, gvwQ, ~wlZ Lvevi BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g my¯’ e¨w³‡K †ivMvµvšÍ Ki‡Z cv‡i| h_vh_ m¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’v cÖwZôvi gva¨‡gB msµvgK †iv‡Mi we¯Ívi cÖwZ‡iva Kiv hvq| wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’vi g‡Z m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi †¶Î e¨vcK hvi g‡a¨ Lv`¨-m¨vwb‡Ukb, e„wói cvwb wb®‹vkb, KwVb AveR©bv AcmviY I evqy`~lY AšÍf~©³| m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi wewfbœ msÁv i‡q‡Q Z‡e GLv‡b Avgiv m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi wKQz wbw`©ó wel‡qi g‡a¨ mxgve× _vKe| mvaviYfv‡e ej‡Z †M‡j ejv hvq m¨vwb‡Ukb n‡jv cwi‡ek‡K ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z I wbg©j ivLvi Abykxjb| Av‡iv mywbw`©ófv‡e ej‡Z †M‡j ejv hvq, m¨wb‡Ukb n‡jv gvbe e‡R©¨i wbivc` e¨e¯’vcbv hvi d‡j gj wbM©Z RxevYy gy‡L hvevi mÂvjb c‡_ evav vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
AbybœZ ev Dbœqbkxj †`k¸‡jv‡Z Wvqwiqv msµvšÍ †ivM¸‡jv Kgv‡bvi †¶‡Î ev cÖwZ‡iv‡ai †¶‡Î wbivc` cvwb cvb Ges ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi weivU f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i|
30 31Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
m¨vwb‡Ukb
Ecological Sanitation
Environmental Sanitation
Basic Sanitation
OpenDefecation
DbœZ m¨vwb‡Ukb (Improved Sanitation): B‡Kv-Uq‡jU, K‡¤úv÷ Uq‡jU, †mcwUK U¨vsK Uq‡jU hv cwi‡ek
`~lY K‡i bv; eis cwi‡ek Dbœq‡b mnvqZv K‡i|
†gŠwjK m¨vwb‡Ukb: wcU ev MZ© cvqLvbv, wis-¯øve cvqLvbv hv gvby‡li Af¨vm cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv K‡i| GLv‡b ¯^v¯’¨Ki
I A¯^v¯’¨Ki cvqLvbv _vK‡Z cv‡i|
†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM ev †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gj Z¨vM Kiv| cwi‡ek `~lY K‡i I †ivM-RxevYy Qovq|
m¨vwb‡Ukb gB (Sanitation Ladder)
gj
†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM (Open Defecation)†Lviv RvqMvq gjZ¨vM ev †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gj Z¨vM Kivi d‡j gvivZ¥Kfv‡e cwi‡ek ~lY K‡i I †ivM-RxevYy Qovq| gvby‡li Avw_©K ¯^”QjZv K‡g hvq Ges gvbyl `wi`ª n‡Z _v‡K| RvZxq cwimsL¨vb Abyhvqx Avgv‡`i †`‡k GLbI 4% gvbyl †Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM K‡i|
†gŠwjK m¨vwb‡Ukb (Basic Sanitation)wcU ev MZ© cvqLvbv, wis-¯øve cvqLvbv hv gvby‡li Af¨vm cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv K‡i| GLv‡b ^v¯’¨Ki I A¯^v¯’¨Ki cvqLvbv _vK‡Z cv‡i| Lye Aí Li‡P GB ai‡Yi m¨vwb‡Ukb AeKvVv‡gv Zix Kiv hvq| GB e¨e¯’vi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡k Af‚Zc~e© mvdj¨ AR©b K‡i‡Q| eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k †gŠwjK m¨vwb‡Ukb AR©b 83%|
DbœZ m¨vwb‡Ukb (Improved Sanitation)B‡Kv-Uq‡jU, K‡¤úv÷ Uq‡jU, †mcwUK U¨vsK Uq‡jU hv cwi‡ek ~lY K‡i bv; eis cwi‡ek Dbœq‡b mnvqZv K‡i| LiP Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ekx n‡jI Uq‡jU¸‡jv ^v¯’¨m¤§Z, cwi‡ek evÜe I ’vqxZ¡kxj|
100% m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi aviYv100% m¨vwb‡Ukb †evSv‡Z b~¨bZg wbgœwjwLZ ewk󨸇jv _vK‡Z n‡e:
Ÿ†KD †Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM Ki‡e bv|Ÿmevi Rb¨ ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbvi e¨e¯’v _vK‡e|ŸmevB ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbvi e¨envi Ki‡e|ŸcvqLvbvi Aweivg e¨env‡ii Rb¨ Dchy³ i¶Yv‡e¶Y e¨e¯’v _vK‡e|ŸDbœZ ^v¯’¨-Af¨vm PP©v Kiv n‡e|
mvwe©K m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi aviYvm¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’vi Dbœq‡bi g~j j¶¨ ^v‡¯’¨i Dbœqb, GB welqwU AZ¨šÍ iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| ^v‡¯’¨i Dci m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi cÖfve GKwU †gŠwjK welq| AZGe, mvwe©K m¨vwb‡Ukb (Total sanitation) ej‡Z my¯^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mvwe©K ¯^v¯’¨Ki cwie‡ek‡KB eySv‡e| G Kvi‡Y mvwe©K m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi msÁvq kZfvM m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi mv‡_ wbgœwjwLZ welq¸‡jv AšÍfy©³ n‡e|
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv
Ÿh_vh_ KwVb eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv Ges
ŸM„n¯’vwji eR©¨-cvwb I e„wói cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi e¨e¯’v|
DbœZ ev ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv (Improved latrine) I ewkó¨mg~nGKwU DbœZ ev ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbvi wbgœwjwLZ me¸‡jv Y ev ewkó¨ _vK‡Z n‡e:
Ÿgj Ave× ivL‡e, cwi‡e‡k Qov‡Z w`‡e bv|
ŸcvqLvbvq emvi ’vb Ges M‡Z©i g‡a¨ †hvMv‡hvM e× _vK‡e hv‡Z gvwQ ev †cvKv-gvKo hvZvqvZ Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| Gi d‡j KxU-cZ½ Øviv †ivM msµgY Pµ eÜ n‡e|
ŸcvqLvbvi M‡Z© m„ó `yM©Ühy³ M¨vm h_vh_fv‡e ¯’vwcZ GKwU †fÈ cvB‡ci gva¨‡g †ei K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| Gi d‡j cvqLvbv yM©Ügy³ _vK‡e Ges †jvKRb cÖwZwbqZ cvqLvbv e¨envi Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ n‡e|
ŸGQvovI cvqLvbv n‡Z n‡e Avivg`vqK, _vK‡Z n‡e †MvcbxqZv Ges wbivcËvi e¨e¯’v|
Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq, ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv n‡jv Ggb e¨e¯’v †hLv‡b gj cwi‡e‡ki ms¯ú‡k© Avm‡Z cvi‡e bv| XvKbvmn MZ© cvqLvbv, Rjve× cvqLvbv G ai‡bi e¨e¯’vi AšÍf©y³| XvKbvQvov MZ© cvqLvbv, ¸R‡bK ev IqvUvimxj fv½v cvqLvbv Ges SzjšÍ cvqLvbv ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbvi AvIqZvq c‡o bv| ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv wewfbœ ai‡Yi n‡Z cv‡i|
DbœZ ev ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq¸‡jv wbgœiƒccwiev‡ii mevB ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi Ki‡e Ges ^v¯’¨m¤§Zfv‡e cvqLvbv e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡j wbgœ wjwLZ welq¸‡jv †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e:
ŸcvqLvbv e¨env‡ii c~‡e© mvgvb¨ cvwb c¨v‡b †X‡j c¨vbwU wfwR‡q wb‡Z n‡e G‡Z c¨v‡bi gqjv †j‡M _vK‡e bv;
Ÿc‡Ö Z¨Kevi e¨env‡ii ci c¨v‡b 1-2 e`bv (K‡qK wjUvi) cvwb †X‡j cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e c¨v‡bi M‡Z© ev Mv‡q gj bv _‡K;
Ÿg‡ji hvZvqZ c_ hv‡Z eÜ n‡q bv hvq †m Rb¨ cvqLvbvq †Kvb Ae¯v’ ‡ZB Kvc‡oi UKz iv, bu vKov, m¨vwbUvwi b¨vcwKb, wXjv- Kjz cy BZ¨vw` †djv hv‡e bv| GM‡y jv †djvi Rb¨ cvqLvbvi GK †Kvbvq GKwU gvwUi cvÎ ivL‡Z n‡e;
32 33Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
Ecological Sanitation
Environmental Sanitation
Basic Sanitation
OpenDefecation
DbœZ m¨vwb‡Ukb (Improved Sanitation): B‡Kv-Uq‡jU, K‡¤úv÷ Uq‡jU, †mcwUK U¨vsK Uq‡jU hv cwi‡ek
`~lY K‡i bv; eis cwi‡ek Dbœq‡b mnvqZv K‡i|
†gŠwjK m¨vwb‡Ukb: wcU ev MZ© cvqLvbv, wis-¯øve cvqLvbv hv gvby‡li Af¨vm cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv K‡i| GLv‡b ¯^v¯’¨Ki
I A¯^v¯’¨Ki cvqLvbv _vK‡Z cv‡i|
†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM ev †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gj Z¨vM Kiv| cwi‡ek `~lY K‡i I †ivM-RxevYy Qovq|
m¨vwb‡Ukb gB (Sanitation Ladder)
gj
†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM (Open Defecation)†Lviv RvqMvq gjZ¨vM ev †hLv‡b †mLv‡b gj Z¨vM Kivi d‡j gvivZ¥Kfv‡e cwi‡ek ~lY K‡i I †ivM-RxevYy Qovq| gvby‡li Avw_©K ¯^”QjZv K‡g hvq Ges gvbyl `wi`ª n‡Z _v‡K| RvZxq cwimsL¨vb Abyhvqx Avgv‡`i †`‡k GLbI 4% gvbyl †Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM K‡i|
†gŠwjK m¨vwb‡Ukb (Basic Sanitation)wcU ev MZ© cvqLvbv, wis-¯øve cvqLvbv hv gvby‡li Af¨vm cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv K‡i| GLv‡b ^v¯’¨Ki I A¯^v¯’¨Ki cvqLvbv _vK‡Z cv‡i| Lye Aí Li‡P GB ai‡Yi m¨vwb‡Ukb AeKvVv‡gv Zix Kiv hvq| GB e¨e¯’vi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡k Af‚Zc~e© mvdj¨ AR©b K‡i‡Q| eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k †gŠwjK m¨vwb‡Ukb AR©b 83%|
DbœZ m¨vwb‡Ukb (Improved Sanitation)B‡Kv-Uq‡jU, K‡¤úv÷ Uq‡jU, †mcwUK U¨vsK Uq‡jU hv cwi‡ek ~lY K‡i bv; eis cwi‡ek Dbœq‡b mnvqZv K‡i| LiP Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ekx n‡jI Uq‡jU¸‡jv ^v¯’¨m¤§Z, cwi‡ek evÜe I ’vqxZ¡kxj|
100% m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi aviYv100% m¨vwb‡Ukb †evSv‡Z b~¨bZg wbgœwjwLZ ewk󨸇jv _vK‡Z n‡e:
Ÿ†KD †Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM Ki‡e bv|Ÿmevi Rb¨ ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbvi e¨e¯’v _vK‡e|ŸmevB ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbvi e¨envi Ki‡e|ŸcvqLvbvi Aweivg e¨env‡ii Rb¨ Dchy³ i¶Yv‡e¶Y e¨e¯’v _vK‡e|ŸDbœZ ^v¯’¨-Af¨vm PP©v Kiv n‡e|
mvwe©K m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi aviYvm¨vwb‡Ukb e¨e¯’vi Dbœq‡bi g~j j¶¨ ^v‡¯’¨i Dbœqb, GB welqwU AZ¨šÍ iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| ^v‡¯’¨i Dci m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi cÖfve GKwU †gŠwjK welq| AZGe, mvwe©K m¨vwb‡Ukb (Total sanitation) ej‡Z my¯^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mvwe©K ¯^v¯’¨Ki cwie‡ek‡KB eySv‡e| G Kvi‡Y mvwe©K m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi msÁvq kZfvM m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi mv‡_ wbgœwjwLZ welq¸‡jv AšÍfy©³ n‡e|
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv
Ÿh_vh_ KwVb eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv Ges
ŸM„n¯’vwji eR©¨-cvwb I e„wói cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi e¨e¯’v|
DbœZ ev ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv (Improved latrine) I ewkó¨mg~nGKwU DbœZ ev ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbvi wbgœwjwLZ me¸‡jv Y ev ewkó¨ _vK‡Z n‡e:
Ÿgj Ave× ivL‡e, cwi‡e‡k Qov‡Z w`‡e bv|
ŸcvqLvbvq emvi ’vb Ges M‡Z©i g‡a¨ †hvMv‡hvM e× _vK‡e hv‡Z gvwQ ev †cvKv-gvKo hvZvqvZ Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| Gi d‡j KxU-cZ½ Øviv †ivM msµgY Pµ eÜ n‡e|
ŸcvqLvbvi M‡Z© m„ó `yM©Ühy³ M¨vm h_vh_fv‡e ¯’vwcZ GKwU †fÈ cvB‡ci gva¨‡g †ei K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| Gi d‡j cvqLvbv yM©Ügy³ _vK‡e Ges †jvKRb cÖwZwbqZ cvqLvbv e¨envi Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ n‡e|
ŸGQvovI cvqLvbv n‡Z n‡e Avivg`vqK, _vK‡Z n‡e †MvcbxqZv Ges wbivcËvi e¨e¯’v|
Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq, ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv n‡jv Ggb e¨e¯’v †hLv‡b gj cwi‡e‡ki ms¯ú‡k© Avm‡Z cvi‡e bv| XvKbvmn MZ© cvqLvbv, Rjve× cvqLvbv G ai‡bi e¨e¯’vi AšÍf©y³| XvKbvQvov MZ© cvqLvbv, ¸R‡bK ev IqvUvimxj fv½v cvqLvbv Ges SzjšÍ cvqLvbv ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbvi AvIqZvq c‡o bv| ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv wewfbœ ai‡Yi n‡Z cv‡i|
DbœZ ev ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq¸‡jv wbgœiƒccwiev‡ii mevB ^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi Ki‡e Ges ^v¯’¨m¤§Zfv‡e cvqLvbv e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡j wbgœ wjwLZ welq¸‡jv †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e:
ŸcvqLvbv e¨env‡ii c~‡e© mvgvb¨ cvwb c¨v‡b †X‡j c¨vbwU wfwR‡q wb‡Z n‡e G‡Z c¨v‡bi gqjv †j‡M _vK‡e bv;
Ÿc‡Ö Z¨Kevi e¨env‡ii ci c¨v‡b 1-2 e`bv (K‡qK wjUvi) cvwb †X‡j cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e c¨v‡bi M‡Z© ev Mv‡q gj bv _‡K;
Ÿg‡ji hvZvqZ c_ hv‡Z eÜ n‡q bv hvq †m Rb¨ cvqLvbvq †Kvb Ae¯v’ ‡ZB Kvc‡oi UKz iv, bu vKov, m¨vwbUvwi b¨vcwKb, wXjv- Kjz cy BZ¨vw` †djv hv‡e bv| GM‡y jv †djvi Rb¨ cvqLvbvi GK †Kvbvq GKwU gvwUi cvÎ ivL‡Z n‡e;
32 33Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
ŸcvqLvbvi Rjve× Ask jvwV ev Ab¨ †Kvb k³ wKQz w`‡q fv½v hv‡e bv-GUv bv _vK‡j ~M©Ü Qov‡e, gvwQ XzK‡e d‡j ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z _K‡e bv;
Ÿ†jwUª‡b ev Zvi Kv‡Q e¨env‡ii Rb¨ ch©vß cvwb ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸnvZ †avIqvi Rb¨ cvqLvbv ev Zvi Kv‡Q mvevb ivL‡Z n‡e ;
Ÿ†g‡S Ges emvi c¨vb cÖwZw`b cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e;
Ÿ†Mvmj Ges †avqvi e¨eüZ cvwb c¨v‡bi M‡Z© †djv hv‡e bv;
Ÿwkky‡`i gjI M‡Z© ev †jwUª‡b ev cvqLvbvq †dj‡Z n‡e;
Ÿ†jwUª‡b †h‡Z mevB‡K m¨v‡Ûj e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
cv`qLvbv i¶Yv‡e¶Y iæZ¡c~Y© welq¸‡jv wbgœiƒc
Ÿemvi c¨vb I Rjve× Ask †f‡½ hvq wKbv Zv wbqwgZ cix¶v Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †f‡½ ev †d‡U hvq Z‡e Zv Awej‡¤^ cÖwZ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e;
ŸGKK MZ©wU f‡i †M‡j Zv cwiZ¨vM K‡i 0.5 wgUvi ev cÖvq 2 dzU gvwU ev QvB w`‡q f‡i †dj‡Z n‡e A_ev hvwš¿K e¨e¯’vq Lvwj K‡i †dj‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î †hB M‡Z© gj †djv n‡e †mB MZ©wUI gvwU w`‡q Pvcv w`‡Z n‡e| cÖvq †`o eQi ci GB gvwU Zz‡j mvi wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| MZ©wU gvwU w`‡q fivU K‡i w`‡j bZzb GKwU MZ© K‡i Av‡iKwU cvqLvbv Zwi Ki‡Z n‡e;
ŸcvqLvbvi wfwU, N‡ii †eov, Pvjv BZ¨vw` †f‡½ †M‡j Zv †givgZ Kiv;
Ÿ`yB M‡Z©i †¶‡Î weKí cvB‡ci ms‡hvM e·wU cix¶v Ki‡Z n‡e †h cvBc eÜ n‡q †Mj wKbv;
Ÿ`yB MZ© wewkó cvqLvbvi e¨enviKvixiv M‡Z©i g‡ji Íi wbqwgZfv‡e †Lqvj ivL‡eb †h, †mUv f‡i †Mj wKbv;
ŸGKwU MZ© f‡i †M‡j Ab¨wU e¨env‡ii Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸWvBfvimb e‡·i gva¨‡g †h cvBcwU fiv M‡Z© P‡j †M‡Q Zvi gyLwU eÜ K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Ges g‡ji cÖevn Lvwj M‡Z©i w`‡K w`‡Z n‡e;
ŸcvqLvbvi MZ© f‡i †M‡j, hLb M‡Z©i gqjv ev gj AcmviY Kiv n‡e, ZLb Av‡kcv‡ki cwi‡ek hv‡Z ~wlZ bv nq, cwi®‹vi Kivi mgq Zv †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e;
Ÿbvix-cyiæl Dfq‡KB wbqwgZ cvqLvbv cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e|
gj I cvwb evwnZ †ivMmg~n
ŸWvqwiqv, K‡jiv, Avgvkq
ŸUvBd‡qW/c¨vivUvBd‡qW
Ÿ†cvwjI, †ncvUvBwUm G I B RwbZ RwÛm
ŸK…wg
ŸPg© †ivM
Ÿg¨v‡jwiqv, †W½y, dvB‡jwiqvwmm (†Mv` †ivM)|
gj I cvwb evwnZ †ivMmg~n, Gi Drm, we¯Ívi Ges cÖwZ‡iva
cÖwZ‡iva
Ÿ†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM cwinvi I ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
Ÿwbivc` cvwb cvb Kiv I ivbœvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv
ŸcvqLvbv †_‡K †divi ci, wkï‡K †kŠP KvR Kiv‡bvi ci, LvIqvi Av‡M, LvIqvi cwi‡ek‡bi Av‡M I wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M `yB nvZ mvevb w`‡q fv‡jv K‡i ayy‡q †djv
Ÿ6 gvm ch©šÍ wkï‡K ïaygvÎ ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bv
Ÿcvwb dzuwU‡q cvb Kiv
Ÿcvwb I Lvevi †X‡K ivLv
Ÿ†Lvjv cuPv I evmx Lvevi cwiZ¨vM Kiv
ŸcvqLvbv †_‡K †divi ci, wkï‡K †kŠP KvR Kiv‡bvi ci, LvIqvi Av‡M, LvIqvi cwi‡ek‡bi Av‡M I wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M `yB nvZ mvevb w`‡q fv‡jv K‡i ayy‡q †djv
Ÿ†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM cwinvi I ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
Ÿwkï‡`i UvB‡dW cÖwZ‡iva wUKv MÖnY
Ÿ†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM cwinvi I ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
Ÿwbivc` cvwb cvb Kiv I ivbœvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv
Ÿ†Lvjv cuPv I evmx Lvevi cwiZ¨vM Kiv
ŸcvqLvbv †_‡K †divi ci, wkï‡K †kŠP KvR Kiv‡bvi ci, LvIqvi Av‡M, LvIqvi cwi‡ek‡bi Av‡M I wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M `By nvZ mvevb w`‡q fv‡jv K‡i a‡yy q †djv
Ÿwkï‡K R‡b¥i ci †_‡K 9 gv‡mi g‡a¨ wbqgvbymv‡i 7wU wUKv cÖ`vb
Ÿ†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM cwinvi I ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
ŸcvqLvbv †_‡K †divi ci, wkï‡K †kŠP KvR Kiv‡bvi ci, LvIqvi Av‡M, LvIqvi cwi‡ek‡bi Av‡M I wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M `By nvZ mvevb w`‡q fv‡jv K‡i a‡y q †djv
we¯Ívi†iv‡Mi Drm†ivMmg~n
Ÿ gj Øviv `~wlZ cvwb cvb Ki‡j
Ÿ nvZ bv ay‡q Lvevi †L‡j, wkï‡K Ges Ab¨‡K LvIqv‡j
Ÿ gj Øviv `~wlZ cvwb cv‡bi gva¨‡g
Ÿ †Lvjv, `~wlZ Lvevi LvIqvi gva¨‡g
Ÿ gvwQi gva¨‡gŸ nvZ bv ay‡q Lvevi
†L‡j, wkï‡K Ges Ab¨‡K LvIqv‡j
Ÿ gj Øviv `~wlZ cvwb cvb Kivi gva¨‡g
Ÿ nvZ bv ay‡q Lvevi †L‡j, wkï‡K Ges Ab¨‡K LvIqv‡j
Ÿ `~wlZ Lvevi LvIqvi gva¨‡g
Ÿ nvZ bv ay‡q Lvevi LvIqv ev Ab¨‡K/ wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi gva¨‡g
Ÿ KuvPv mewR fv‡jv K‡i bv ay‡q ivbœv Ki‡j ev †L‡j
AvµvšÍ e¨w³i gj (mvaviYZ †Lvjv, A¯^v¯’¨Ki cvqLvbvi gva¨‡g gvby‡li gj cvwb I cwi‡ek‡K `~wlZ K‡i)
UvB‡dW/ c¨vivUvBd‡qW AvµvšÍ †ivMxi gj
†cvwjI I †ncvUvBwUm- G, B †ivM AvµvšÍ e¨w³i gj
Ÿ AvµvšÍ e¨w³i gj
Ÿ gvwU‡Z K…wgi wWg
Ÿ Kvu Pv, A‡avqv kvK-meRx
Wvqvwiqv RvZxq
Wvqvwiqv
K‡jiv
Avgvkq
A‡š¿i R¡i
UvB‡dW
c¨vivUvBd‡qW
†cvwjI, †ncvUvBwUm G I B RwbZ RwÛm
K…wg msÎgY (†Mvj K…wg, ¸ov K…wg, wdZv K…wg)
34 35Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
ŸcvqLvbvi Rjve× Ask jvwV ev Ab¨ †Kvb k³ wKQz w`‡q fv½v hv‡e bv-GUv bv _vK‡j ~M©Ü Qov‡e, gvwQ XzK‡e d‡j ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z _K‡e bv;
Ÿ†jwUª‡b ev Zvi Kv‡Q e¨env‡ii Rb¨ ch©vß cvwb ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸnvZ †avIqvi Rb¨ cvqLvbv ev Zvi Kv‡Q mvevb ivL‡Z n‡e ;
Ÿ†g‡S Ges emvi c¨vb cÖwZw`b cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e;
Ÿ†Mvmj Ges †avqvi e¨eüZ cvwb c¨v‡bi M‡Z© †djv hv‡e bv;
Ÿwkky‡`i gjI M‡Z© ev †jwUª‡b ev cvqLvbvq †dj‡Z n‡e;
Ÿ†jwUª‡b †h‡Z mevB‡K m¨v‡Ûj e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
cv`qLvbv i¶Yv‡e¶Y iæZ¡c~Y© welq¸‡jv wbgœiƒc
Ÿemvi c¨vb I Rjve× Ask †f‡½ hvq wKbv Zv wbqwgZ cix¶v Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †f‡½ ev †d‡U hvq Z‡e Zv Awej‡¤^ cÖwZ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e;
ŸGKK MZ©wU f‡i †M‡j Zv cwiZ¨vM K‡i 0.5 wgUvi ev cÖvq 2 dzU gvwU ev QvB w`‡q f‡i †dj‡Z n‡e A_ev hvwš¿K e¨e¯’vq Lvwj K‡i †dj‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î †hB M‡Z© gj †djv n‡e †mB MZ©wUI gvwU w`‡q Pvcv w`‡Z n‡e| cÖvq †`o eQi ci GB gvwU Zz‡j mvi wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| MZ©wU gvwU w`‡q fivU K‡i w`‡j bZzb GKwU MZ© K‡i Av‡iKwU cvqLvbv Zwi Ki‡Z n‡e;
ŸcvqLvbvi wfwU, N‡ii †eov, Pvjv BZ¨vw` †f‡½ †M‡j Zv †givgZ Kiv;
Ÿ`yB M‡Z©i †¶‡Î weKí cvB‡ci ms‡hvM e·wU cix¶v Ki‡Z n‡e †h cvBc eÜ n‡q †Mj wKbv;
Ÿ`yB MZ© wewkó cvqLvbvi e¨enviKvixiv M‡Z©i g‡ji Íi wbqwgZfv‡e †Lqvj ivL‡eb †h, †mUv f‡i †Mj wKbv;
ŸGKwU MZ© f‡i †M‡j Ab¨wU e¨env‡ii Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸWvBfvimb e‡·i gva¨‡g †h cvBcwU fiv M‡Z© P‡j †M‡Q Zvi gyLwU eÜ K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Ges g‡ji cÖevn Lvwj M‡Z©i w`‡K w`‡Z n‡e;
ŸcvqLvbvi MZ© f‡i †M‡j, hLb M‡Z©i gqjv ev gj AcmviY Kiv n‡e, ZLb Av‡kcv‡ki cwi‡ek hv‡Z ~wlZ bv nq, cwi®‹vi Kivi mgq Zv †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e;
Ÿbvix-cyiæl Dfq‡KB wbqwgZ cvqLvbv cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e|
gj I cvwb evwnZ †ivMmg~n
ŸWvqwiqv, K‡jiv, Avgvkq
ŸUvBd‡qW/c¨vivUvBd‡qW
Ÿ†cvwjI, †ncvUvBwUm G I B RwbZ RwÛm
ŸK…wg
ŸPg© †ivM
Ÿg¨v‡jwiqv, †W½y, dvB‡jwiqvwmm (†Mv` †ivM)|
gj I cvwb evwnZ †ivMmg~n, Gi Drm, we¯Ívi Ges cÖwZ‡iva
cÖwZ‡iva
Ÿ†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM cwinvi I ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
Ÿwbivc` cvwb cvb Kiv I ivbœvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv
ŸcvqLvbv †_‡K †divi ci, wkï‡K †kŠP KvR Kiv‡bvi ci, LvIqvi Av‡M, LvIqvi cwi‡ek‡bi Av‡M I wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M `yB nvZ mvevb w`‡q fv‡jv K‡i ayy‡q †djv
Ÿ6 gvm ch©šÍ wkï‡K ïaygvÎ ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bv
Ÿcvwb dzuwU‡q cvb Kiv
Ÿcvwb I Lvevi †X‡K ivLv
Ÿ†Lvjv cuPv I evmx Lvevi cwiZ¨vM Kiv
ŸcvqLvbv †_‡K †divi ci, wkï‡K †kŠP KvR Kiv‡bvi ci, LvIqvi Av‡M, LvIqvi cwi‡ek‡bi Av‡M I wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M `yB nvZ mvevb w`‡q fv‡jv K‡i ayy‡q †djv
Ÿ†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM cwinvi I ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
Ÿwkï‡`i UvB‡dW cÖwZ‡iva wUKv MÖnY
Ÿ†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM cwinvi I ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
Ÿwbivc` cvwb cvb Kiv I ivbœvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv
Ÿ†Lvjv cuPv I evmx Lvevi cwiZ¨vM Kiv
ŸcvqLvbv †_‡K †divi ci, wkï‡K †kŠP KvR Kiv‡bvi ci, LvIqvi Av‡M, LvIqvi cwi‡ek‡bi Av‡M I wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M `By nvZ mvevb w`‡q fv‡jv K‡i a‡yy q †djv
Ÿwkï‡K R‡b¥i ci †_‡K 9 gv‡mi g‡a¨ wbqgvbymv‡i 7wU wUKv cÖ`vb
Ÿ†Lvjv RvqMvq gj Z¨vM cwinvi I ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
ŸcvqLvbv †_‡K †divi ci, wkï‡K †kŠP KvR Kiv‡bvi ci, LvIqvi Av‡M, LvIqvi cwi‡ek‡bi Av‡M I wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M `By nvZ mvevb w`‡q fv‡jv K‡i a‡y q †djv
we¯Ívi†iv‡Mi Drm†ivMmg~n
Ÿ gj Øviv `~wlZ cvwb cvb Ki‡j
Ÿ nvZ bv ay‡q Lvevi †L‡j, wkï‡K Ges Ab¨‡K LvIqv‡j
Ÿ gj Øviv `~wlZ cvwb cv‡bi gva¨‡g
Ÿ †Lvjv, `~wlZ Lvevi LvIqvi gva¨‡g
Ÿ gvwQi gva¨‡gŸ nvZ bv ay‡q Lvevi
†L‡j, wkï‡K Ges Ab¨‡K LvIqv‡j
Ÿ gj Øviv `~wlZ cvwb cvb Kivi gva¨‡g
Ÿ nvZ bv ay‡q Lvevi †L‡j, wkï‡K Ges Ab¨‡K LvIqv‡j
Ÿ `~wlZ Lvevi LvIqvi gva¨‡g
Ÿ nvZ bv ay‡q Lvevi LvIqv ev Ab¨‡K/ wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi gva¨‡g
Ÿ KuvPv mewR fv‡jv K‡i bv ay‡q ivbœv Ki‡j ev †L‡j
AvµvšÍ e¨w³i gj (mvaviYZ †Lvjv, A¯^v¯’¨Ki cvqLvbvi gva¨‡g gvby‡li gj cvwb I cwi‡ek‡K `~wlZ K‡i)
UvB‡dW/ c¨vivUvBd‡qW AvµvšÍ †ivMxi gj
†cvwjI I †ncvUvBwUm- G, B †ivM AvµvšÍ e¨w³i gj
Ÿ AvµvšÍ e¨w³i gj
Ÿ gvwU‡Z K…wgi wWg
Ÿ Kvu Pv, A‡avqv kvK-meRx
Wvqvwiqv RvZxq
Wvqvwiqv
K‡jiv
Avgvkq
A‡š¿i R¡i
UvB‡dW
c¨vivUvBd‡qW
†cvwjI, †ncvUvBwUm G I B RwbZ RwÛm
K…wg msÎgY (†Mvj K…wg, ¸ov K…wg, wdZv K…wg)
34 35Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cÖwZ‡iva
Ÿm¨v‡Ûj cv‡q cvqLvbvq hvIqv
ŸKuvPv mewR fv‡jv K‡i ay‡q LvIqv
ŸwbqwgZ nv‡Zi bL †K‡U †QvU ivLv
Ÿ6 gvm AšÍi AšÍi cwiev‡ii mK‡j K…wgbvkK ewo †meb (miKv‡ii cÖPwjZ wbqg Abymv‡i)
Ÿevwoi Av‡k cv‡ki †SuvcSvo cwi”Qbœ ivLv
Ÿwbw`©ó ¯’v‡b gqjv AveR©bv †djv I †X‡K ivLv
Ÿ†Wª‡bR e¨e¯’v Kvh©Ki ivLv|
Ÿ†h mKj cv‡Î/Avav‡i cvwb R‡g _vK‡Z cv‡i †hgb: K¨vb, Wv‡ei †Lvmv, dz‡ji Ue BZ¨vw` m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c webó Kiv ev cvwb Rg‡Z bv †`qv
Ÿe¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPh©v †hgb- †Mvmj, nvZ gyL †avqvi Kv‡R cwi®‹vi cvwb e¨envi Kiv
ŸAvµvšÍ e¨w³i weQvbv, †cvlvK wbqwgZ mvevb I cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q ay‡q †djv
ŸmgqgZ wbw`©ó wPwKrmv MÖnY
we¯Ívi†iv‡Mi Drm†ivMmg~n
Ÿ AvµvšÍ gvwU‡Z Lvwj cv‡q nvU‡j ev m¨v‡Ûj bv c‡i cvqLvbvq †M‡j (¸ov K…wgi wWg cv‡qi Pvgov wQ`ª K‡i kix‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i I esk we¯Ívi K‡i)
Ÿ G mKj †ivM gkvi Kvg‡oi gva¨‡g QvWvq| GB †iv‡Mi RxevYy enbKvix gkv evwoi Av‡k cv‡ki gqjv AveR©bvi ¯‘c I †SvcSv‡o, e× cvwb‡Z wWg cv‡o I esk we¯Ívi K‡i|
Ÿ AvµvšÍ e¨w³‡K `sk‡bi gva¨‡g gkvi g‡a¨ G †iv‡Mi RxevYy cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges `ªæZ esk we¯Ívi K‡i| AvµvšÍ gkv my¯’ e¨w³‡K `skb Ki‡j GB †ivM Qwo‡q c‡o|
Ÿ †bvsiv/`~wlZ cvwb †Mvmj I Kvco †avqvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kivi gva¨‡g
Ÿ cvwbi Afv‡e wbqwgZ cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ _vK‡Z bv cvi‡j
Ÿ Pg©‡ivM, †Lvm-cuvPov, ¯‹¨vwem AvµvšÍ e¨w³i Kvco-†Pvco, weQvbvcÎ e¨envi Ki‡j
Ÿ AvµvšÍ e¨w³i i³
Ÿ AvµvšÍ e¨w³
cwi‡ek `ylY I Rjve×Zv RwbZ †ivM, g¨v‡jwiqv, †W½y, dvB‡jwiqvwmm (†Mv` †ivM)
Pg©‡ivM, †Lvm cuvPov
gvwU
cvwb
gyL
Lvevi
gvwQ
Acwi®‹vi nvZ
gj
gj †_‡K gy‡L RxevYy cÖ‡e‡ki gva¨g : 5F WvqvMÖvg
†Lvjv ’v‡b gj Z¨vM Kiv n‡j †mB gj 5wU Gd-Gi gva¨‡g gvbe †`‡n cÖ‡ek K‡i gvbyl‡K †ivMvµvšÍ K‡i| GB 5wU Gd n‡jv:
F (wd½vi) = Av½yj/nvZ
F (d¬vBm) = gvwQ
F (wdì) = gvwU
F (d¬zBW) = Zij ev cvwb Ges
F (dzW) = Lvevi
36 37Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cÖwZ‡iva
Ÿm¨v‡Ûj cv‡q cvqLvbvq hvIqv
ŸKuvPv mewR fv‡jv K‡i ay‡q LvIqv
ŸwbqwgZ nv‡Zi bL †K‡U †QvU ivLv
Ÿ6 gvm AšÍi AšÍi cwiev‡ii mK‡j K…wgbvkK ewo †meb (miKv‡ii cÖPwjZ wbqg Abymv‡i)
Ÿevwoi Av‡k cv‡ki †SuvcSvo cwi”Qbœ ivLv
Ÿwbw`©ó ¯’v‡b gqjv AveR©bv †djv I †X‡K ivLv
Ÿ†Wª‡bR e¨e¯’v Kvh©Ki ivLv|
Ÿ†h mKj cv‡Î/Avav‡i cvwb R‡g _vK‡Z cv‡i †hgb: K¨vb, Wv‡ei †Lvmv, dz‡ji Ue BZ¨vw` m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c webó Kiv ev cvwb Rg‡Z bv †`qv
Ÿe¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPh©v †hgb- †Mvmj, nvZ gyL †avqvi Kv‡R cwi®‹vi cvwb e¨envi Kiv
ŸAvµvšÍ e¨w³i weQvbv, †cvlvK wbqwgZ mvevb I cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q ay‡q †djv
ŸmgqgZ wbw`©ó wPwKrmv MÖnY
we¯Ívi†iv‡Mi Drm†ivMmg~n
Ÿ AvµvšÍ gvwU‡Z Lvwj cv‡q nvU‡j ev m¨v‡Ûj bv c‡i cvqLvbvq †M‡j (¸ov K…wgi wWg cv‡qi Pvgov wQ`ª K‡i kix‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i I esk we¯Ívi K‡i)
Ÿ G mKj †ivM gkvi Kvg‡oi gva¨‡g QvWvq| GB †iv‡Mi RxevYy enbKvix gkv evwoi Av‡k cv‡ki gqjv AveR©bvi ¯‘c I †SvcSv‡o, e× cvwb‡Z wWg cv‡o I esk we¯Ívi K‡i|
Ÿ AvµvšÍ e¨w³‡K `sk‡bi gva¨‡g gkvi g‡a¨ G †iv‡Mi RxevYy cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges `ªæZ esk we¯Ívi K‡i| AvµvšÍ gkv my¯’ e¨w³‡K `skb Ki‡j GB †ivM Qwo‡q c‡o|
Ÿ †bvsiv/`~wlZ cvwb †Mvmj I Kvco †avqvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kivi gva¨‡g
Ÿ cvwbi Afv‡e wbqwgZ cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ _vK‡Z bv cvi‡j
Ÿ Pg©‡ivM, †Lvm-cuvPov, ¯‹¨vwem AvµvšÍ e¨w³i Kvco-†Pvco, weQvbvcÎ e¨envi Ki‡j
Ÿ AvµvšÍ e¨w³i i³
Ÿ AvµvšÍ e¨w³
cwi‡ek `ylY I Rjve×Zv RwbZ †ivM, g¨v‡jwiqv, †W½y, dvB‡jwiqvwmm (†Mv` †ivM)
Pg©‡ivM, †Lvm cuvPov
gvwU
cvwb
gyL
Lvevi
gvwQ
Acwi®‹vi nvZ
gj
gj †_‡K gy‡L RxevYy cÖ‡e‡ki gva¨g : 5F WvqvMÖvg
†Lvjv ’v‡b gj Z¨vM Kiv n‡j †mB gj 5wU Gd-Gi gva¨‡g gvbe †`‡n cÖ‡ek K‡i gvbyl‡K †ivMvµvšÍ K‡i| GB 5wU Gd n‡jv:
F (wd½vi) = Av½yj/nvZ
F (d¬vBm) = gvwQ
F (wdì) = gvwU
F (d¬zBW) = Zij ev cvwb Ges
F (dzW) = Lvevi
36 37Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
gvwU
cvwb
gyL
Lvevi
gvwQ
Acwi®‹vi nvZ
gj
gj †_‡K gy‡L RxevYy cÖ‡e‡ki c‡_ evavmg~n
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
wVKfv‡e nvZ†avqvi Af¨vm cvq
cvwb wbivc` msi¶Y
¯^v¯’m¤§Z Lv`¨ MÖnYI Lv`¨ wbivc` ivLv
cU ( ) wbivc` cvwbPautwbivc` cvwb e¨envi †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY wbivc` cvwb cvIqv I LvIqvi wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY wbivc` cvwb cvIqv I LvIqvi wbw`©ó 5wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: gv I wK‡kvix| cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨ivI _vK‡Z cv‡i|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 Rb gwnjv GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq: 1 NÈv
wbivc` cvwb †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Ôwbivc` cvwbÕ wel‡q Av‡jvPbvi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK wbivc` cvwbi iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ wbivc` cvwbi Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMnÖ YKvix‡`i‡K ckÖ œ Kivi m‡y hvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges wKfv‡e wbivc` cvwb msMÖn, cwienb I cvb Ki‡Z n‡e welq¸‡jv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv, cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi I
cÖ`k©b
10 wg:
30 wg:
20 wg:
cU (wbivc` cvwb) I GKwU bjKzc †hLvb †_‡K cvwb cwien‡bi Rb¨ Kjwm, wbivc` Dcv‡q cvb Gi Rb¨ GKwU Møvm|
cvwb Ges gjevwnZ †iv‡Mi d‡j wPwKrmv LiP (bgybv)KwgDwbwU‡Z mvaviYZ Wvqwiqv, Avgvkq ev UvBd‡qW G ai‡Yi †ivM Zzjbvg~jK †ewk n‡q _v‡K| Wvqwiqv †ivM a‡iB (bgybv) wPwKrmv Lv‡Zi wnmve †`Lv‡bv n‡jv:
Li‡Pi LvZ UvKv
Wv³v‡ii wdm eve` 200.00
†ivMxi Jla eve` 100.00
†ivMxi c_¨ eve` 100.00
wZb Kg©w`em Aemi ev Abycw¯’Z 600.00
†ivMx‡K †`L‡Z Avmv †gngvb`vix eve` 200.00
†gvU LiP 1200.00
38 39Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
gvwU
cvwb
gyL
Lvevi
gvwQ
Acwi®‹vi nvZ
gj
gj †_‡K gy‡L RxevYy cÖ‡e‡ki c‡_ evavmg~n
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv e¨envi
wVKfv‡e nvZ†avqvi Af¨vm cvq
cvwb wbivc` msi¶Y
¯^v¯’m¤§Z Lv`¨ MÖnYI Lv`¨ wbivc` ivLv
cU ( ) wbivc` cvwbPautwbivc` cvwb e¨envi †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY wbivc` cvwb cvIqv I LvIqvi wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY wbivc` cvwb cvIqv I LvIqvi wbw`©ó 5wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: gv I wK‡kvix| cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨ivI _vK‡Z cv‡i|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 Rb gwnjv GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq: 1 NÈv
wbivc` cvwb †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Ôwbivc` cvwbÕ wel‡q Av‡jvPbvi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK wbivc` cvwbi iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ wbivc` cvwbi Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMnÖ YKvix‡`i‡K ckÖ œ Kivi m‡y hvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges wKfv‡e wbivc` cvwb msMÖn, cwienb I cvb Ki‡Z n‡e welq¸‡jv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv, cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi I
cÖ`k©b
10 wg:
30 wg:
20 wg:
cU (wbivc` cvwb) I GKwU bjKzc †hLvb †_‡K cvwb cwien‡bi Rb¨ Kjwm, wbivc` Dcv‡q cvb Gi Rb¨ GKwU Møvm|
cvwb Ges gjevwnZ †iv‡Mi d‡j wPwKrmv LiP (bgybv)KwgDwbwU‡Z mvaviYZ Wvqwiqv, Avgvkq ev UvBd‡qW G ai‡Yi †ivM Zzjbvg~jK †ewk n‡q _v‡K| Wvqwiqv †ivM a‡iB (bgybv) wPwKrmv Lv‡Zi wnmve †`Lv‡bv n‡jv:
Li‡Pi LvZ UvKv
Wv³v‡ii wdm eve` 200.00
†ivMxi Jla eve` 100.00
†ivMxi c_¨ eve` 100.00
wZb Kg©w`em Aemi ev Abycw¯’Z 600.00
†ivMx‡K †`L‡Z Avmv †gngvb`vix eve` 200.00
†gvU LiP 1200.00
38 39Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cvb K‡i wbivc` cvwbKg‡Q †gv‡`i †ivM evjvB
Avi Rxeb nvwb
1. Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivwL 2. cvwb fivi Av‡M Kjm ev cv‡Îi wfZi-evwni fv‡jvfv‡e †g‡R ay‡q †bB
3. cvwb en‡bi mgq XvKbv w`‡q †X‡K Avwb
4. cvwbi cvÎ ev Kjm DuPz ’v‡b †X‡K ivwL 5. wbivc` Dcv‡q cvwb cvb Kwi
mnvqK Z_¨
wbivc` cvwbi aviYv I Gi e¨env‡ii iæZ¡
wbivc` cvwb Kx?
Ÿ†h cvwbi MÜ †bB
Ÿ†h cvwbi †Kvb is †bB
Ÿ†h cvwbi Ab¨ †Kvb ^v` †bB
Ÿ†h cvwb‡Z †Kvb iKg †ivM RxevYy _v‡K bv
Ÿ†h cvwb ¶vi gy³
Ÿ†h cvwb‡Z ¶wZKi gvÎvq ivmvqwbK c`v_© _v‡K bv| †hgb: gvÎvwZwi³ Av‡m©wbK, AvqiY, †K¬vivBW BZ¨vw`|
wbivc` cvwb e¨env‡ii iæZ¡cvwbi Aci bvg Rxeb| cvwb Rxe‡bi Rb¨ Acwinvh©¨| cvwb Qvov Rxe‡bi Aw¯ÍZ¡ Kíbv Kiv hvq bv| cvwbi bvg †hgb Rxeb Avevi cvwbi Aci bvg giYI ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| cvwbi Afv‡e †hgb g„Zz¨ Awbevh© †Zgwb `~wlZ cvwb cvb I e¨env‡ii d‡j gvbyl mn‡RB AvµvšÍ n‡q gviv hvq| †Kej gvÎ wbivc` cvwb cvb Ges e¨envi wbwðZ Kivi gva¨‡gB 25% Wvqwiqv RwbZ †ivMe¨vwa Kgv‡bv ev cÖwZ‡iva Kiv m¤¢e, myZvis GB Z_¨ †_‡KB eySv hvq wbivc` cvwb e¨env‡ii ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| †hgb:
Ÿwbivc` cvwb cvb Ges e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g †c‡Ui cxov, Wvqwiqv, RwÛm, Avgvkq, K…wg, UvBd‡qW, Pg©‡ivM, ü`‡ivM BZ¨vw` †ivM cÖwZ‡iva Kviv hv‡e|
ŸAv‡m©wb‡Kvwmm †iv‡M AvµvšÍ nIqvi Avk¼v _vK‡e bv|
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨ Lv‡Z e¨q Zzjbvg~jK n«vm cv‡e|
wbivc` cvwb msMÖn, enb, e¨envi Ges msi¶Y
Ÿcvwb msMÖ‡ni c~‡e© Kjm ev cvÎwU wbivc` cvwb w`‡q Gi wfZ‡i Ges evB‡i fvjfv‡e ay‡q wb‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwb msM‡Ö ni mgq Kjm ev cv‡Îi gLy Ges cvwbi Dr‡mi g‡y L nv‡Zi ms¯úk© hv‡Z bv jv‡M †mw`‡K jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwb en‡bi mgq cvÎwU XvKbv w`‡q †X‡K enb Ki‡Z n‡e|
ŸLvevi cvwb cwi®‹vi Kjm ev cv‡Î ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwbi cvÎwU GKUz DuPz wbivc` ’v‡b ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwbi cvÎwU memgq †X‡K ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwb enb I Xvjvi mgq gqjv Av½yj hv‡Z cvwb‡Z bv jv‡M †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvb I ivbœvi Kv‡R Av‡m©wbK gy³ wbivc` cvwb e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivLvi Dcvq
Ÿcvwbi Drm ev wUDeI‡q‡ji cøvUd©g wbqwgZ cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e
Ÿcvwbi Drm ev wUDeI‡q‡ji cøvUd©g Gi mv‡_ eR©¨ ev e¨eüZ cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ †Wª‡b‡Ri e¨e¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e
ŸwbqwgZ eR©¨ cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ †Wª‡b‡R cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e
Ÿcvwbi Drm ev wUDeI‡q‡ji cøvUd©g †_‡K wbivc` ~i‡Z¡ (20 nvZ) cvqLvbv ’vcb ev AcmviY e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
40 41Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
wbivc` cvwb
cvb K‡i wbivc` cvwbKg‡Q †gv‡`i †ivM evjvB
Avi Rxeb nvwb
1. Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivwL 2. cvwb fivi Av‡M Kjm ev cv‡Îi wfZi-evwni fv‡jvfv‡e †g‡R ay‡q †bB
3. cvwb en‡bi mgq XvKbv w`‡q †X‡K Avwb
4. cvwbi cvÎ ev Kjm DuPz ’v‡b †X‡K ivwL 5. wbivc` Dcv‡q cvwb cvb Kwi
mnvqK Z_¨
wbivc` cvwbi aviYv I Gi e¨env‡ii iæZ¡
wbivc` cvwb Kx?
Ÿ†h cvwbi MÜ †bB
Ÿ†h cvwbi †Kvb is †bB
Ÿ†h cvwbi Ab¨ †Kvb ^v` †bB
Ÿ†h cvwb‡Z †Kvb iKg †ivM RxevYy _v‡K bv
Ÿ†h cvwb ¶vi gy³
Ÿ†h cvwb‡Z ¶wZKi gvÎvq ivmvqwbK c`v_© _v‡K bv| †hgb: gvÎvwZwi³ Av‡m©wbK, AvqiY, †K¬vivBW BZ¨vw`|
wbivc` cvwb e¨env‡ii iæZ¡cvwbi Aci bvg Rxeb| cvwb Rxe‡bi Rb¨ Acwinvh©¨| cvwb Qvov Rxe‡bi Aw¯ÍZ¡ Kíbv Kiv hvq bv| cvwbi bvg †hgb Rxeb Avevi cvwbi Aci bvg giYI ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| cvwbi Afv‡e †hgb g„Zz¨ Awbevh© †Zgwb `~wlZ cvwb cvb I e¨env‡ii d‡j gvbyl mn‡RB AvµvšÍ n‡q gviv hvq| †Kej gvÎ wbivc` cvwb cvb Ges e¨envi wbwðZ Kivi gva¨‡gB 25% Wvqwiqv RwbZ †ivMe¨vwa Kgv‡bv ev cÖwZ‡iva Kiv m¤¢e, myZvis GB Z_¨ †_‡KB eySv hvq wbivc` cvwb e¨env‡ii ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| †hgb:
Ÿwbivc` cvwb cvb Ges e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g †c‡Ui cxov, Wvqwiqv, RwÛm, Avgvkq, K…wg, UvBd‡qW, Pg©‡ivM, ü`‡ivM BZ¨vw` †ivM cÖwZ‡iva Kviv hv‡e|
ŸAv‡m©wb‡Kvwmm †iv‡M AvµvšÍ nIqvi Avk¼v _vK‡e bv|
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨ Lv‡Z e¨q Zzjbvg~jK n«vm cv‡e|
wbivc` cvwb msMÖn, enb, e¨envi Ges msi¶Y
Ÿcvwb msMÖ‡ni c~‡e© Kjm ev cvÎwU wbivc` cvwb w`‡q Gi wfZ‡i Ges evB‡i fvjfv‡e ay‡q wb‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwb msM‡Ö ni mgq Kjm ev cv‡Îi gLy Ges cvwbi Dr‡mi g‡y L nv‡Zi ms¯úk© hv‡Z bv jv‡M †mw`‡K jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwb en‡bi mgq cvÎwU XvKbv w`‡q †X‡K enb Ki‡Z n‡e|
ŸLvevi cvwb cwi®‹vi Kjm ev cv‡Î ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwbi cvÎwU GKUz DuPz wbivc` ’v‡b ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwbi cvÎwU memgq †X‡K ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvwb enb I Xvjvi mgq gqjv Av½yj hv‡Z cvwb‡Z bv jv‡M †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|
Ÿcvb I ivbœvi Kv‡R Av‡m©wbK gy³ wbivc` cvwb e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivLvi Dcvq
Ÿcvwbi Drm ev wUDeI‡q‡ji cøvUd©g wbqwgZ cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e
Ÿcvwbi Drm ev wUDeI‡q‡ji cøvUd©g Gi mv‡_ eR©¨ ev e¨eüZ cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ †Wª‡b‡Ri e¨e¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e
ŸwbqwgZ eR©¨ cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi Rb¨ †Wª‡b‡R cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e
Ÿcvwbi Drm ev wUDeI‡q‡ji cøvUd©g †_‡K wbivc` ~i‡Z¡ (20 nvZ) cvqLvbv ’vcb ev AcmviY e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
40 41Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
wbivc` cvwb
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm m¤úwK©Z d¬vk KvW© (Menstrual Hygiene- Flash Card)
d¬vk KvW© FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm g~jZt wK‡kvix I gv‡`i FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨ evZ©v mw¤^wjZ nvBwRb DcKiY| G Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g FZzKvjxb ^v¯’vf¨vm cvj‡bi Rb¨ wK‡kvix I gv‡`i‡K 3wU evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e hv‡Z K‡i Zviv FZzKvjxb mg‡q ¸iæZ¡ mnKv‡i wbqg¸‡jv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
D‡Ïk¨
Ÿ d¬vk Kv‡W©i Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY FZzKvjxb ^v¯’¨vf¨v‡mi wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb
Ÿ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY FZzKvjxb ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cvj‡bi wbw`©ó 3wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY FZzKvjxb †mkb cwiPvjbvq mnvqZv Ki‡eb| mnvqK Aek¨B bvix n‡Z n‡e|
¯’vb: Pi GjvKvi †Kvb ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 wK‡kvix I gv em‡Z cv‡i|
AskMÖnYKvix: wK‡kvix I gv| G †mk‡b wK‡kvi ev cyiæl bv _vKv fvj|
mgq: 50 wgwbU|
†mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
e¨w³MZ cwi”QbœZv eRvq ivwLmy¯’, mej, my›`i _vwK
1. FZzKvjxb mg‡q b¨vcwKb ev cwi®‹vi Kvco e¨envi Kwi|
2. e¨eüZ Kvco mvevb w`‡q ayB| 3. e¨eüZ Kvco †avqvi ci †iŠ‡`ª fv‡jvfv‡e ïKvB|
4. e¨eüZ Kvco mwVK Dcv‡q msiÿY Kwi| 5. e¨eüZ b¨vcwKb ev cwiZ¨³ Kvco wbw`©ó M‡Z© cy‡Z ivwL|
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki ÔFZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmÕ Gi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨v‡mi iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
g~j †mk‡b hvIqvi Av‡M mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Lyye †Lvjv †gjv fv‡e Zv‡`i FZzKvjxb mg‡q wK wK mgm¨v nq †m welq¸‡jv wb‡q Av‡jvPbvi ïiæ Ki‡eb| Zvici wZwb wb‡¤œv³fv‡e d¬vk Kv‡W©i e¨envi Ki‡eb:
ŸKvW© AskMÖnYKvix‡`i nv‡Z w`‡q w`‡eb;
ŸKvW© †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY gZvgZ wb‡eb;
ŸmnvqK cÖkœ K‡i Rvb‡eb †h, KvW© †`‡L Zviv FZzKvjxb mg‡qi Ae¯’v I evZ©v¸‡jv eyS‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv Ges
ŸmK‡ji gZvgZ wb‡q mnvqK FZzKvjxb mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ evZ©vmgyn Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb;
Av‡jvPbv †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K FZzKvjxb mgm¨v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Zviv KZUzKz m‡PZb n‡q‡Q †m m¤ú‡K© wdWe¨vK wb‡eb| cwi‡k‡l wZwb FZzKvjxb mg‡q we‡kl wbqg-Kvbyb †g‡b Pjvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
cÖ`k©b, Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
10 wg:
30 wg:
10 wg:
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm m¤úwK©Z d¬vk KvW©mg~n
mnvqK Gi Rb¨ Z_¨
gvwmK I wbivc` e¨e¯’vcbvˆ`wnK I gvbwmK cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ wK‡kvix‡`i †`‡n wKQz bZzb cÖwµqv ïiæ nq| Gi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q D‡jøL‡hvM¨ gvwmK ev FZzmªve nIqv| FZzmªve †Kvb AmyL ev A¯^vfvweK wKQz bq| GUv GKUv mg‡qi kvixwiK cÖwµqv| G FZzmªve ev gvwmK, ¿x ni‡gvb bvgK Zij c`v‡_©i cÖfv‡e n‡q _v‡K| cÖwZ gv‡m wW¤^vkq †_‡K ¿x ni‡gvb †ei nq hv Rivqy‡Z wWg MÖn‡Yi cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i| G ni‡gvb¸‡jvi gvÎv gv‡mi we‡kl mg‡q e„w× cvq Ges wWg wbwl³ bv nIqvq GKmgq K‡g hvq| G mgq, Rivqyi wfZ‡ii Íi, hv wWg MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ †e‡o D‡V wQj Zv S‡i c‡i I gvwmK wn‡m‡e †`Lv †`q| G i³ mvaviYZ 3-5 w`b S‡i _v‡K| bvix‡`‡ni G cÖwµqv mvaviYZ 28 w`b AšÍi AšÍi n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e KLbI KLbI 24 w`‡b n‡Z cv‡i Avevi 34 w`‡bI n‡Z cv‡i| gvwmK mvaviYZ 9-14 ermi eq‡mi g‡a¨ ïiæ n‡q _v‡K| hw` G mg‡qi g‡a¨ G cÖwµqv ïiæ bv nq, Zvn‡j wPwKrm‡Ki civgk© †bqv cÖ‡qvRb| cÖ_g cÖ_g gvwm‡Ki mgq i‡³i cwigv‡YiI ZviZg¨ n‡Z cv‡i| GQvov FZzmªve ev gvwm‡Ki Av‡M ev gvwm‡Ki mgq Zj‡c‡U e¨_v n‡Z cv‡i| AweevwnZ‡`i †¶‡Î G Ae¯’v †ekx †`Lv hvq|
42 43Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm m¤úwK©Z d¬vk KvW© (Menstrual Hygiene- Flash Card)
d¬vk KvW© FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm g~jZt wK‡kvix I gv‡`i FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨ evZ©v mw¤^wjZ nvBwRb DcKiY| G Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g FZzKvjxb ^v¯’vf¨vm cvj‡bi Rb¨ wK‡kvix I gv‡`i‡K 3wU evZ©v cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e hv‡Z K‡i Zviv FZzKvjxb mg‡q ¸iæZ¡ mnKv‡i wbqg¸‡jv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
D‡Ïk¨
Ÿ d¬vk Kv‡W©i Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY FZzKvjxb ^v¯’¨vf¨v‡mi wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb
Ÿ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY FZzKvjxb ^v¯’¨vf¨vm cvj‡bi wbw`©ó 3wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY FZzKvjxb †mkb cwiPvjbvq mnvqZv Ki‡eb| mnvqK Aek¨B bvix n‡Z n‡e|
¯’vb: Pi GjvKvi †Kvb ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 wK‡kvix I gv em‡Z cv‡i|
AskMÖnYKvix: wK‡kvix I gv| G †mk‡b wK‡kvi ev cyiæl bv _vKv fvj|
mgq: 50 wgwbU|
†mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
e¨w³MZ cwi”QbœZv eRvq ivwLmy¯’, mej, my›`i _vwK
1. FZzKvjxb mg‡q b¨vcwKb ev cwi®‹vi Kvco e¨envi Kwi|
2. e¨eüZ Kvco mvevb w`‡q ayB| 3. e¨eüZ Kvco †avqvi ci †iŠ‡`ª fv‡jvfv‡e ïKvB|
4. e¨eüZ Kvco mwVK Dcv‡q msiÿY Kwi| 5. e¨eüZ b¨vcwKb ev cwiZ¨³ Kvco wbw`©ó M‡Z© cy‡Z ivwL|
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki ÔFZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmÕ Gi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨v‡mi iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
g~j †mk‡b hvIqvi Av‡M mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Lyye †Lvjv †gjv fv‡e Zv‡`i FZzKvjxb mg‡q wK wK mgm¨v nq †m welq¸‡jv wb‡q Av‡jvPbvi ïiæ Ki‡eb| Zvici wZwb wb‡¤œv³fv‡e d¬vk Kv‡W©i e¨envi Ki‡eb:
ŸKvW© AskMÖnYKvix‡`i nv‡Z w`‡q w`‡eb;
ŸKvW© †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY gZvgZ wb‡eb;
ŸmnvqK cÖkœ K‡i Rvb‡eb †h, KvW© †`‡L Zviv FZzKvjxb mg‡qi Ae¯’v I evZ©v¸‡jv eyS‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv Ges
ŸmK‡ji gZvgZ wb‡q mnvqK FZzKvjxb mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ evZ©vmgyn Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb;
Av‡jvPbv †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K FZzKvjxb mgm¨v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Zviv KZUzKz m‡PZb n‡q‡Q †m m¤ú‡K© wdWe¨vK wb‡eb| cwi‡k‡l wZwb FZzKvjxb mg‡q we‡kl wbqg-Kvbyb †g‡b Pjvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
cÖ`k©b, Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
10 wg:
30 wg:
10 wg:
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm m¤úwK©Z d¬vk KvW©mg~n
mnvqK Gi Rb¨ Z_¨
gvwmK I wbivc` e¨e¯’vcbvˆ`wnK I gvbwmK cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ wK‡kvix‡`i †`‡n wKQz bZzb cÖwµqv ïiæ nq| Gi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q D‡jøL‡hvM¨ gvwmK ev FZzmªve nIqv| FZzmªve †Kvb AmyL ev A¯^vfvweK wKQz bq| GUv GKUv mg‡qi kvixwiK cÖwµqv| G FZzmªve ev gvwmK, ¿x ni‡gvb bvgK Zij c`v‡_©i cÖfv‡e n‡q _v‡K| cÖwZ gv‡m wW¤^vkq †_‡K ¿x ni‡gvb †ei nq hv Rivqy‡Z wWg MÖn‡Yi cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i| G ni‡gvb¸‡jvi gvÎv gv‡mi we‡kl mg‡q e„w× cvq Ges wWg wbwl³ bv nIqvq GKmgq K‡g hvq| G mgq, Rivqyi wfZ‡ii Íi, hv wWg MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ †e‡o D‡V wQj Zv S‡i c‡i I gvwmK wn‡m‡e †`Lv †`q| G i³ mvaviYZ 3-5 w`b S‡i _v‡K| bvix‡`‡ni G cÖwµqv mvaviYZ 28 w`b AšÍi AšÍi n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e KLbI KLbI 24 w`‡b n‡Z cv‡i Avevi 34 w`‡bI n‡Z cv‡i| gvwmK mvaviYZ 9-14 ermi eq‡mi g‡a¨ ïiæ n‡q _v‡K| hw` G mg‡qi g‡a¨ G cÖwµqv ïiæ bv nq, Zvn‡j wPwKrm‡Ki civgk© †bqv cÖ‡qvRb| cÖ_g cÖ_g gvwm‡Ki mgq i‡³i cwigv‡YiI ZviZg¨ n‡Z cv‡i| GQvov FZzmªve ev gvwm‡Ki Av‡M ev gvwm‡Ki mgq Zj‡c‡U e¨_v n‡Z cv‡i| AweevwnZ‡`i †¶‡Î G Ae¯’v †ekx †`Lv hvq|
42 43Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
¸iæZ¡/cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
GjvKv/mgv‡R FZzKvjxb we‡kl ^v¯’¨ cwiPh©v welqK cÖPwjZ Ae¯’v/Af¨vm/Kzms¯‹vi
cÖPwjZ Af¨vm/Kzms¯‹v‡ii cwieZ©b
bvix‡`i mšÍvb avi‡Yi Rb¨ Ges kvixwiK my¯’Zvi Rb¨ gvwmK GKwU iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| GKRb bvixi my¯’fv‡e Ges mgqgZ gv nIqvi e¨vcv‡i gvwm‡Ki iæZ¡ Acwinvh©¨|
Avgiv GUvI Rvwb †h, GKRb wK‡kvixi eqm hZB †nvK bv †Kb, hZw`b ch©šÍ Zvi gvwmK bv nq, ZZw`b ch©šÍ †m gv n‡Z m¶g nq bv| GB mg‡q wKQy we‡kl ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm PP©v I cywóKi Lvevi MÖnY bvixi kixi wb‡ivM I Kg©¶g ivL‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| cvkvcvwk Acwi”Qbœ gvwm‡Ki e¨e¯’vcbvi Af¨vm bvix‡`i `xN©‡gqvw` RwUj †iv‡Mi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i hv †_‡K Rivqy I wW¤^bvjxi msµgb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i eÜvZ¡ ch©šÍ NU‡Z cv‡i| wbqwgZ gvwmK kvixwiK my¯’Zv Avbvq‡b mnvqZv K‡i Ges bvix‡`i bvbv iKg †g‡qjx/¯¿x‡ivM RvZxq mgm¨v †_‡K y‡i iv‡L| xN©‡gqv`x my¯’Zv bvix‡K RvZxq Dbœq‡b f‚wgKv ivL‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| wKš‘ kvixwiK Amy¯’Zv bvix‡`i ¯^vfvweK Kg©¶gZv n«vm K‡i hv RvZxq Dbœq‡b cÖfve †d‡j|
FZzKvjxb ev gvwmK PjvKvjxb mg‡q cÖvq mKj GjvKv‡ZB Kg †ekx wKQz Af¨vm ev Kzms¯‹v‡ii cÖPjb Av‡Q| MÖv‡gi †P‡q Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e kn‡i Ae¯’v GKUz fvj, Z‡e kn‡ii ew¯Í GjvKvq Ae¯’v G‡Kev‡iB bvRyK| AÂj †f‡` †h mKj Af¨vm ev Kzms¯‹v‡ii cÖPjb i‡q‡Q Zv wb¤œiƒc-
ŸcywóKi Lvevi eÜ K‡i †`Iqv nq, wK‡kvix‡`i †¶‡Î FZzmªve †ekx n‡e e‡j
ŸcÖ‡qvR‡b Wv³vi †`Lv‡bv nq bv
ŸKweivR ev nvZz‡o wPwKrmv †`Iqv nq
Ÿc„_K weQvbvq Nygv‡Z †`qv nq
ŸN‡i cÖvq eÜx Ae¯’vq ivLv nq
Ÿgwnjv‡`i †¶‡Î ivbœv N‡ii, †MvqvjN‡ii KvR Ki‡Z †`qv nq bv
ŸgvwUi cvÎ ai‡Z cv‡i bv
ŸhLbB gvwmK ïiæ †nvK bv †Kb ZLbB †Mvmj Ki‡Z nq
Ÿgv_vq †Zj wb‡Z †`qv nq bv
Ÿgvwm‡Ki e¨eüZ Kvco †jvKP¶zi Avov‡j ivL‡Z n‡e
Ÿ†g‡q eo n‡q wM‡q‡Q weavq ^vfvweK Pjv‡div eÜ K‡i †`qv nq
Ÿ†g‡qi we‡qi Rb¨ evev gv D`MÖxe n‡q c‡o
ŸA‡bK †¶‡Î ‹z‡j hvIqv eÜ n‡q hvq
Ÿ¯^vfvweK †LjvayjvI eÜ K‡i †`qv nq
ŸwK‡kvix‡`i gvbwmK mnvqZv †`Iqvi cwie‡Z© gvbwmK AkvwšÍ evwo‡q †Zv‡j A‡bK AwffveK
Ÿmܨvi ci N‡ii evB‡i †h‡Z †`qv nq bv
ŸBZ¨vw`|
Avgiv Rvwb cÖPwjZ Af¨vm cwieZ©b Lye mnmmva¨ bq| ZviciI Amva¨ e‡j wKQz †bB| D`vnviY wnmv‡e GB MvBW jvBb cÖYq‡bi K_vB ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, hv e¨envi Ges cÖPvi K‡i A‡bK‡KB m‡PZb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wKQz w`b Av‡MI aviYv Kiv nq bvB Ggb GKwU welq wb‡q mK‡j wg‡j K_v ejv hvq, hv wKbv GKvšÍB †Mvcbxq welq| myZvis Ggb ¯úk©KvZi welq wb‡q hw` cÖwk¶Y n‡Z cv‡i Zvn‡j G wel‡q mgv‡R cÖPwjZ BwZevPK cwieZ©bI m¤¢e| G‡¶‡Î mgvR,
cwiev‡ii h‡_ó KiYxq Av‡Q| cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q h‡_ó Z_¨ cÖvwßi, fzj Z‡_¨i Aemvb Ges m‡PZbZvi|
cwievi Ges we`¨vjq wk¶v Rxe‡bi cÖ_g we`¨vcxV| ZvB cwieZ©b ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e GLvb †_‡KB| cvwievwiK ch©v‡q gv, eo †evb, fvex, evev‡K m‡PZb Ki‡Z n‡e †mk‡bi gva¨‡g, wewfbœ Z_¨ Ges DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨| Abyiƒcfv‡e ¯‹z‡j wk¶K‡`i gva¨‡g|
bvix‡`i FZzmªve wb‡q †Kvb mgm¨v n‡j Zv ^vgxi mv‡_ †Lvjv‡gjvfv‡e K_v e‡j cÖ‡qvR‡b Wv³v‡ii civgk© †bIqv| G welqwU †h Ae‡njvi bq, Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í cwiev‡ii mevi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv, welqwU j¾vi bq Zv eywS‡q ejv mevB‡K| G Rb¨ cwiev‡ii cyiæl KZ©v whwb Zvi mv‡_ cwiev‡ii †h bvix Zvi DwPZ welqwU wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv| wK‡kvix‡`i welqwU A‡bK ¯úk©KvZi| gv, eo‡evb, fvex mevi DwPZ FZzmªve †h ¯^vfvweK GKwU welq Zv Zv‡K eywS‡q †`qv| wK‡kvixi w`‡K GKUz evowZ hZœ †bqv, mvg_© Abyhvqx Zv‡K cywóKi Lvevi †`qv, cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi welqwU eywS‡q †`qv cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖ_g w`‡K c¨vW, Kvco cwieZ©‡b mvnvh¨ Kiv| me©cwi welqwU c~e© †_‡KB aviYv w`‡q ivLv| Gi evB‡ii A‡bK wKQz n‡Z cv‡i ev Kivi _vK‡Z cv‡i| GBfv‡eB ch©vq µ‡g mgv‡Ri cÖPwjZ Af¨vm/Kzms¯‹v‡ii BwZevPK cwieZ©b Avm‡e| G‡¶‡Î f‚wgKv ivL‡eb ciwev‡ii m`m¨MY, ms¯’vi Kg©x, gwnjv KvDwÝji, wkw¶Kv, Dbœqb Kg©x I miKv‡ii ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©xMY|
Ÿcyiv‡bv Kvco
ŸZzjv
Ÿc¨vW
ŸgvwUi jv
ŸwKQzB e¨envi K‡i bv
ŸKvco †avqvi wbivc` cvwb e¨e¯’v I wbw`©ó ’vb bvB
Ÿfvjfv‡e ïKv‡bv hvq bv
ŸN‡ii †Kvbvq mu¨vZmu¨v‡Z RvqMvq †i‡L w`‡Z nq
ŸAvjbvi wcQ‡b ïKv‡Z nq
ŸKvco e`jv‡bvi RvqMv bvB
ŸwfRv Kvco e¨envi Ki‡Z nq
ŸMv †_‡K MÜ Av‡m
Ÿci‡bi Kvc‡o †hLv‡b †mLv‡b i³ †j‡M hvq
Ÿc¨vW †djvi RvqMv bvB
Ÿc¨vW †djvi d‡j Uq‡jU eÜ n‡q hvq
Ÿ†hLv‡b †mLv‡b c¨vW †d‡j iv‡L
Ÿ†MvcbxqZv _v‡K bv
Ÿch©vß cvwbi e¨e¯’v bvB
¯^vaviYZ gvwmK PjvKvjxb PP©v
eZ©gvb Ae¯’vi g›` w`K
44 45Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
¸iæZ¡/cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
GjvKv/mgv‡R FZzKvjxb we‡kl ^v¯’¨ cwiPh©v welqK cÖPwjZ Ae¯’v/Af¨vm/Kzms¯‹vi
cÖPwjZ Af¨vm/Kzms¯‹v‡ii cwieZ©b
bvix‡`i mšÍvb avi‡Yi Rb¨ Ges kvixwiK my¯’Zvi Rb¨ gvwmK GKwU iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| GKRb bvixi my¯’fv‡e Ges mgqgZ gv nIqvi e¨vcv‡i gvwm‡Ki iæZ¡ Acwinvh©¨|
Avgiv GUvI Rvwb †h, GKRb wK‡kvixi eqm hZB †nvK bv †Kb, hZw`b ch©šÍ Zvi gvwmK bv nq, ZZw`b ch©šÍ †m gv n‡Z m¶g nq bv| GB mg‡q wKQy we‡kl ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm PP©v I cywóKi Lvevi MÖnY bvixi kixi wb‡ivM I Kg©¶g ivL‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| cvkvcvwk Acwi”Qbœ gvwm‡Ki e¨e¯’vcbvi Af¨vm bvix‡`i `xN©‡gqvw` RwUj †iv‡Mi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i hv †_‡K Rivqy I wW¤^bvjxi msµgb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i eÜvZ¡ ch©šÍ NU‡Z cv‡i| wbqwgZ gvwmK kvixwiK my¯’Zv Avbvq‡b mnvqZv K‡i Ges bvix‡`i bvbv iKg †g‡qjx/¯¿x‡ivM RvZxq mgm¨v †_‡K y‡i iv‡L| xN©‡gqv`x my¯’Zv bvix‡K RvZxq Dbœq‡b f‚wgKv ivL‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| wKš‘ kvixwiK Amy¯’Zv bvix‡`i ¯^vfvweK Kg©¶gZv n«vm K‡i hv RvZxq Dbœq‡b cÖfve †d‡j|
FZzKvjxb ev gvwmK PjvKvjxb mg‡q cÖvq mKj GjvKv‡ZB Kg †ekx wKQz Af¨vm ev Kzms¯‹v‡ii cÖPjb Av‡Q| MÖv‡gi †P‡q Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e kn‡i Ae¯’v GKUz fvj, Z‡e kn‡ii ew¯Í GjvKvq Ae¯’v G‡Kev‡iB bvRyK| AÂj †f‡` †h mKj Af¨vm ev Kzms¯‹v‡ii cÖPjb i‡q‡Q Zv wb¤œiƒc-
ŸcywóKi Lvevi eÜ K‡i †`Iqv nq, wK‡kvix‡`i †¶‡Î FZzmªve †ekx n‡e e‡j
ŸcÖ‡qvR‡b Wv³vi †`Lv‡bv nq bv
ŸKweivR ev nvZz‡o wPwKrmv †`Iqv nq
Ÿc„_K weQvbvq Nygv‡Z †`qv nq
ŸN‡i cÖvq eÜx Ae¯’vq ivLv nq
Ÿgwnjv‡`i †¶‡Î ivbœv N‡ii, †MvqvjN‡ii KvR Ki‡Z †`qv nq bv
ŸgvwUi cvÎ ai‡Z cv‡i bv
ŸhLbB gvwmK ïiæ †nvK bv †Kb ZLbB †Mvmj Ki‡Z nq
Ÿgv_vq †Zj wb‡Z †`qv nq bv
Ÿgvwm‡Ki e¨eüZ Kvco †jvKP¶zi Avov‡j ivL‡Z n‡e
Ÿ†g‡q eo n‡q wM‡q‡Q weavq ^vfvweK Pjv‡div eÜ K‡i †`qv nq
Ÿ†g‡qi we‡qi Rb¨ evev gv D`MÖxe n‡q c‡o
ŸA‡bK †¶‡Î ‹z‡j hvIqv eÜ n‡q hvq
Ÿ¯^vfvweK †LjvayjvI eÜ K‡i †`qv nq
ŸwK‡kvix‡`i gvbwmK mnvqZv †`Iqvi cwie‡Z© gvbwmK AkvwšÍ evwo‡q †Zv‡j A‡bK AwffveK
Ÿmܨvi ci N‡ii evB‡i †h‡Z †`qv nq bv
ŸBZ¨vw`|
Avgiv Rvwb cÖPwjZ Af¨vm cwieZ©b Lye mnmmva¨ bq| ZviciI Amva¨ e‡j wKQz †bB| D`vnviY wnmv‡e GB MvBW jvBb cÖYq‡bi K_vB ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, hv e¨envi Ges cÖPvi K‡i A‡bK‡KB m‡PZb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wKQz w`b Av‡MI aviYv Kiv nq bvB Ggb GKwU welq wb‡q mK‡j wg‡j K_v ejv hvq, hv wKbv GKvšÍB †Mvcbxq welq| myZvis Ggb ¯úk©KvZi welq wb‡q hw` cÖwk¶Y n‡Z cv‡i Zvn‡j G wel‡q mgv‡R cÖPwjZ BwZevPK cwieZ©bI m¤¢e| G‡¶‡Î mgvR,
cwiev‡ii h‡_ó KiYxq Av‡Q| cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q h‡_ó Z_¨ cÖvwßi, fzj Z‡_¨i Aemvb Ges m‡PZbZvi|
cwievi Ges we`¨vjq wk¶v Rxe‡bi cÖ_g we`¨vcxV| ZvB cwieZ©b ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e GLvb †_‡KB| cvwievwiK ch©v‡q gv, eo †evb, fvex, evev‡K m‡PZb Ki‡Z n‡e †mk‡bi gva¨‡g, wewfbœ Z_¨ Ges DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨| Abyiƒcfv‡e ¯‹z‡j wk¶K‡`i gva¨‡g|
bvix‡`i FZzmªve wb‡q †Kvb mgm¨v n‡j Zv ^vgxi mv‡_ †Lvjv‡gjvfv‡e K_v e‡j cÖ‡qvR‡b Wv³v‡ii civgk© †bIqv| G welqwU †h Ae‡njvi bq, Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í cwiev‡ii mevi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv, welqwU j¾vi bq Zv eywS‡q ejv mevB‡K| G Rb¨ cwiev‡ii cyiæl KZ©v whwb Zvi mv‡_ cwiev‡ii †h bvix Zvi DwPZ welqwU wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv| wK‡kvix‡`i welqwU A‡bK ¯úk©KvZi| gv, eo‡evb, fvex mevi DwPZ FZzmªve †h ¯^vfvweK GKwU welq Zv Zv‡K eywS‡q †`qv| wK‡kvixi w`‡K GKUz evowZ hZœ †bqv, mvg_© Abyhvqx Zv‡K cywóKi Lvevi †`qv, cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi welqwU eywS‡q †`qv cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖ_g w`‡K c¨vW, Kvco cwieZ©‡b mvnvh¨ Kiv| me©cwi welqwU c~e© †_‡KB aviYv w`‡q ivLv| Gi evB‡ii A‡bK wKQz n‡Z cv‡i ev Kivi _vK‡Z cv‡i| GBfv‡eB ch©vq µ‡g mgv‡Ri cÖPwjZ Af¨vm/Kzms¯‹v‡ii BwZevPK cwieZ©b Avm‡e| G‡¶‡Î f‚wgKv ivL‡eb ciwev‡ii m`m¨MY, ms¯’vi Kg©x, gwnjv KvDwÝji, wkw¶Kv, Dbœqb Kg©x I miKv‡ii ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©xMY|
Ÿcyiv‡bv Kvco
ŸZzjv
Ÿc¨vW
ŸgvwUi jv
ŸwKQzB e¨envi K‡i bv
ŸKvco †avqvi wbivc` cvwb e¨e¯’v I wbw`©ó ’vb bvB
Ÿfvjfv‡e ïKv‡bv hvq bv
ŸN‡ii †Kvbvq mu¨vZmu¨v‡Z RvqMvq †i‡L w`‡Z nq
ŸAvjbvi wcQ‡b ïKv‡Z nq
ŸKvco e`jv‡bvi RvqMv bvB
ŸwfRv Kvco e¨envi Ki‡Z nq
ŸMv †_‡K MÜ Av‡m
Ÿci‡bi Kvc‡o †hLv‡b †mLv‡b i³ †j‡M hvq
Ÿc¨vW †djvi RvqMv bvB
Ÿc¨vW †djvi d‡j Uq‡jU eÜ n‡q hvq
Ÿ†hLv‡b †mLv‡b c¨vW †d‡j iv‡L
Ÿ†MvcbxqZv _v‡K bv
Ÿch©vß cvwbi e¨e¯’v bvB
¯^vaviYZ gvwmK PjvKvjxb PP©v
eZ©gvb Ae¯’vi g›` w`K
44 45Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
gvwmK PjvKvjxb A¯^v¯’¨Ki PP©vi Kvi‡Y D™¢‚Z mgm¨v/†ivM
KiYxq/mgvav‡bi Dcvq
Ÿ†hŠbv‡½ PzjKvbx, R¡vjv‡cvov
Ÿkixi ~e©j nq
ŸKg© ÿgZv n«vm cvq
ŸPg©‡ivM
Ÿmv`v mªve
ŸKvc‡o †cvKv, gvKo, dv½vm Rš§ wb‡Z cv‡i
ŸKv‡iv Kv‡iv Zj‡cU e¨v_v nq
Ÿcv‡q I nv‡oi †fZ‡i e¨v_v K‡i
Ÿ¯Íb UbUb K‡i
ŸLvev‡i AiæwP nq
ŸmšÍvb aviY I cÖm‡e mgm¨v nq
ŸAcyó I mgm¨vMÖ¯’ mšÍvb n‡Z cv‡i|
Ÿgvwm‡Ki mgq cwi®‹vi Kvco e¨envi Kiv
Ÿgvwm‡Ki Kvco mvevb I cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q †avqvi ci †iv‡` ïwK‡q wb‡q e¨envi Kiv
Ÿ†avqv Kvco Av‡jv evZvm PjvPj K‡i Ggb RvqMvq fvR K‡i ivLv
Ÿm¤¢e n‡j c¨vW ev Zzjv e¨envi Kiv
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z c¨vW N‡iI Zix Kiv hvq (cwi¯‹vi Kvc‡o Zzjv Rwo‡q)
Ÿ†hŠbv½ PzjKvbx n‡j nvjKv Mig cvwb‡Z jeb wgwk‡q evi evi †avqv Zvic‡iI fvj bv n‡j Wv³v‡ii kibvcbœ nIqv
Ÿgvwm‡K e¨env‡ii ci Kvco cwi®‹vi cvwb I mvevb w`‡q ay‡q †djv
Ÿw`‡b AšÍZ 3-4 evi e¨eüZ Kvco/c¨vW e`jv‡bv
ŸwbqwgZ †Mvmj Kiv
Ÿkixi e¨_v Ki‡j GKUz wekªvg †bqv
ŸG mgq nvjKv nuvUvPjv Kiv
Ÿ†ekx K‡i cvwb cvb Kiv
ŸcwiwgZ Nyg
Ÿ†ekx †c‡U e¨v_v n‡j mv‡_ mv‡_ eo‡`i ejv
ŸmvgwqKfv‡e Avivg cvevi Rb¨ hv Kiv hvq Zv n‡jv Kuv‡Pi †evZ‡j Mig cvwb f‡i †c‡U ev †Kvg‡o mu¨vK †`qv
ŸnvjKv Mig cvwb w`‡q †Mvmj Kiv
ŸMig cvwb ev Pv LvIqv, cyywóKi Lvevi LvIqv
Ÿ†c‡U, †Kvg‡o Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í gvwjk Kiv, nvgv¸woi fw½‡Z KbyB I nuvUz‡Z fi w`‡q Dcyo n‡q wKQz¶Y _vKv, †mvRv n‡q ï‡q Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í nuvUz gy‡o fv½v I †mvRv Kiv
Ÿme©cwi Wv³v‡ii kibvcbœ nIqv, BZ¨vw`|
DcKiY
fvjw`K
msi¶Y cÖwµqv
gvwmK PjvKvjxb Lv`¨ Af¨vm
Ÿbig cwi®‹vi Kvco (†`o nvZ j¤^v)
Ÿ†Kvg‡ii wdZv
Ÿc¨vW
ŸMR
ŸZzjv
ŸUq‡jU wUmy¨ †ccvi
ŸAí Li‡P ^v¯’¨m¤§Z c¨vW cvIqv hvq hv evRvi g~j¨ †_‡K A‡bK Kg, cÖvq A‡a©K
Ÿ†avqv, ïKv‡bv Gm‡ei †Kvb Sv‡gjv bvB
ŸKvco mnR jf¨
ŸKvco e¨envi Ki‡j Li‡Pi wPšÍv Ki‡Z nq bv
Ÿ†Kvb †Kvb GjvKvq ^í g~‡j¨ c¨vW cvIqv hvq
Ÿc¨vW e¨env‡i cvwbi ^íZv wb‡q wPšÍv Ki‡Z nq bv
Ÿ†MvcbxqZv i¶v nq
Ÿc¨vW ^v¯’¨m¤§Z
ŸcÖ‡qvR‡b gvwU‡Z cy‡Z †djv hvq
mvevb I cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q Kvco ay‡q †iŠ‡` ïwK‡q Av‡jv evZvm PjvPj K‡i Ggb RvqMvq fvR K‡i ivLv, AcmviY cÖwµqv:
ŸKvco cyiv‡bv/bó n‡q †M‡j †hLv‡b †mLv‡b bv †d‡j gvwU‡Z cuy‡Z †djv
Ÿe¨eüZ c¨vW †Wª‡b, wS‡j, j¨vwUª‡b bv †d‡j wbw`©ó ’v‡b †djv
Ÿc¨vW ev Zzjv e¨env‡ii ci gvwU‡Z cuy‡Z †djv
ŸN‡i ZwiK…Z c¨vW e¨env‡ii ci wbw`©ó ’v‡b †djv/gvwU‡Z cuy‡Z †djv
ŸgvwmK eÜ n‡q †M‡j Kvco¸wj mvevb w`‡q fvj K‡i ay‡q, †iv‡` ïwK‡q cieZ©x‡Z e¨env‡ii Rb¨ cwi®‹vi I wbivc` ¯’v‡b msi¶Y Kiv|
gvwmK PjvKvjxb Lv`¨f¨v‡m †Zgb cwieZ©b Kivi iKvi †bB| wbqwgZ †h †h Lvevi Avgiv MÖnY KiwQ Zv meB LvIqv hv‡e| Z‡e wK‡kvix †g‡q‡`i G mgq †ekx i³ †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z kixi ye©j n‡q hvq| kixi hv‡Z ye©j bv nq Zvi Rb¨ -wWg, gvQ, gvsm, mx‡gi exwP, ev`vg, Wvj, meyR kvKmewR cÖPzi cwigv‡Y †L‡Z n‡e|
gvwmK GKwU ^vfvweK cÖwµqv| G K_vwU g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| †Kvb Kzms¯‹v‡i Ave× n‡q †g‡q‡`i Kó bv †`qv| †g‡q‡`i †QvU K‡i †`Lv hv‡e bv| Lvev‡i evQ wePvi Kiv hv‡e bv| Gmgq me Lvevi LvIqv hv‡e| GKB weQvbvq ^vgx, ¿x, †ev‡biv GKmv‡_ Nygv‡bv hv‡e| gvwm‡Ki mgq †g‡qwU‡K Avjv`v K‡i †`qv hv‡e bv ev Zv‡K N„Yv Kiv hv‡e bv| gvwmK N„Yv ev
46 47Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
gvwmK PjvKvjxb A¯^v¯’¨Ki PP©vi Kvi‡Y D™¢‚Z mgm¨v/†ivM
KiYxq/mgvav‡bi Dcvq
Ÿ†hŠbv‡½ PzjKvbx, R¡vjv‡cvov
Ÿkixi ~e©j nq
ŸKg© ÿgZv n«vm cvq
ŸPg©‡ivM
Ÿmv`v mªve
ŸKvc‡o †cvKv, gvKo, dv½vm Rš§ wb‡Z cv‡i
ŸKv‡iv Kv‡iv Zj‡cU e¨v_v nq
Ÿcv‡q I nv‡oi †fZ‡i e¨v_v K‡i
Ÿ¯Íb UbUb K‡i
ŸLvev‡i AiæwP nq
ŸmšÍvb aviY I cÖm‡e mgm¨v nq
ŸAcyó I mgm¨vMÖ¯’ mšÍvb n‡Z cv‡i|
Ÿgvwm‡Ki mgq cwi®‹vi Kvco e¨envi Kiv
Ÿgvwm‡Ki Kvco mvevb I cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q †avqvi ci †iv‡` ïwK‡q wb‡q e¨envi Kiv
Ÿ†avqv Kvco Av‡jv evZvm PjvPj K‡i Ggb RvqMvq fvR K‡i ivLv
Ÿm¤¢e n‡j c¨vW ev Zzjv e¨envi Kiv
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z c¨vW N‡iI Zix Kiv hvq (cwi¯‹vi Kvc‡o Zzjv Rwo‡q)
Ÿ†hŠbv½ PzjKvbx n‡j nvjKv Mig cvwb‡Z jeb wgwk‡q evi evi †avqv Zvic‡iI fvj bv n‡j Wv³v‡ii kibvcbœ nIqv
Ÿgvwm‡K e¨env‡ii ci Kvco cwi®‹vi cvwb I mvevb w`‡q ay‡q †djv
Ÿw`‡b AšÍZ 3-4 evi e¨eüZ Kvco/c¨vW e`jv‡bv
ŸwbqwgZ †Mvmj Kiv
Ÿkixi e¨_v Ki‡j GKUz wekªvg †bqv
ŸG mgq nvjKv nuvUvPjv Kiv
Ÿ†ekx K‡i cvwb cvb Kiv
ŸcwiwgZ Nyg
Ÿ†ekx †c‡U e¨v_v n‡j mv‡_ mv‡_ eo‡`i ejv
ŸmvgwqKfv‡e Avivg cvevi Rb¨ hv Kiv hvq Zv n‡jv Kuv‡Pi †evZ‡j Mig cvwb f‡i †c‡U ev †Kvg‡o mu¨vK †`qv
ŸnvjKv Mig cvwb w`‡q †Mvmj Kiv
ŸMig cvwb ev Pv LvIqv, cyywóKi Lvevi LvIqv
Ÿ†c‡U, †Kvg‡o Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í gvwjk Kiv, nvgv¸woi fw½‡Z KbyB I nuvUz‡Z fi w`‡q Dcyo n‡q wKQz¶Y _vKv, †mvRv n‡q ï‡q Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í nuvUz gy‡o fv½v I †mvRv Kiv
Ÿme©cwi Wv³v‡ii kibvcbœ nIqv, BZ¨vw`|
DcKiY
fvjw`K
msi¶Y cÖwµqv
gvwmK PjvKvjxb Lv`¨ Af¨vm
Ÿbig cwi®‹vi Kvco (†`o nvZ j¤^v)
Ÿ†Kvg‡ii wdZv
Ÿc¨vW
ŸMR
ŸZzjv
ŸUq‡jU wUmy¨ †ccvi
ŸAí Li‡P ^v¯’¨m¤§Z c¨vW cvIqv hvq hv evRvi g~j¨ †_‡K A‡bK Kg, cÖvq A‡a©K
Ÿ†avqv, ïKv‡bv Gm‡ei †Kvb Sv‡gjv bvB
ŸKvco mnR jf¨
ŸKvco e¨envi Ki‡j Li‡Pi wPšÍv Ki‡Z nq bv
Ÿ†Kvb †Kvb GjvKvq ^í g~‡j¨ c¨vW cvIqv hvq
Ÿc¨vW e¨env‡i cvwbi ^íZv wb‡q wPšÍv Ki‡Z nq bv
Ÿ†MvcbxqZv i¶v nq
Ÿc¨vW ^v¯’¨m¤§Z
ŸcÖ‡qvR‡b gvwU‡Z cy‡Z †djv hvq
mvevb I cwi®‹vi cvwb w`‡q Kvco ay‡q †iŠ‡` ïwK‡q Av‡jv evZvm PjvPj K‡i Ggb RvqMvq fvR K‡i ivLv, AcmviY cÖwµqv:
ŸKvco cyiv‡bv/bó n‡q †M‡j †hLv‡b †mLv‡b bv †d‡j gvwU‡Z cuy‡Z †djv
Ÿe¨eüZ c¨vW †Wª‡b, wS‡j, j¨vwUª‡b bv †d‡j wbw`©ó ’v‡b †djv
Ÿc¨vW ev Zzjv e¨env‡ii ci gvwU‡Z cuy‡Z †djv
ŸN‡i ZwiK…Z c¨vW e¨env‡ii ci wbw`©ó ’v‡b †djv/gvwU‡Z cuy‡Z †djv
ŸgvwmK eÜ n‡q †M‡j Kvco¸wj mvevb w`‡q fvj K‡i ay‡q, †iv‡` ïwK‡q cieZ©x‡Z e¨env‡ii Rb¨ cwi®‹vi I wbivc` ¯’v‡b msi¶Y Kiv|
gvwmK PjvKvjxb Lv`¨f¨v‡m †Zgb cwieZ©b Kivi iKvi †bB| wbqwgZ †h †h Lvevi Avgiv MÖnY KiwQ Zv meB LvIqv hv‡e| Z‡e wK‡kvix †g‡q‡`i G mgq †ekx i³ †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z kixi ye©j n‡q hvq| kixi hv‡Z ye©j bv nq Zvi Rb¨ -wWg, gvQ, gvsm, mx‡gi exwP, ev`vg, Wvj, meyR kvKmewR cÖPzi cwigv‡Y †L‡Z n‡e|
gvwmK GKwU ^vfvweK cÖwµqv| G K_vwU g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| †Kvb Kzms¯‹v‡i Ave× n‡q †g‡q‡`i Kó bv †`qv| †g‡q‡`i †QvU K‡i †`Lv hv‡e bv| Lvev‡i evQ wePvi Kiv hv‡e bv| Gmgq me Lvevi LvIqv hv‡e| GKB weQvbvq ^vgx, ¿x, †ev‡biv GKmv‡_ Nygv‡bv hv‡e| gvwm‡Ki mgq †g‡qwU‡K Avjv`v K‡i †`qv hv‡e bv ev Zv‡K N„Yv Kiv hv‡e bv| gvwmK N„Yv ev
46 47Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
j¾vi †Kvb welq bv| Ab¨vb¨ cÖvK…wZK wel‡qi gZ GUvI GKwU ^vfvweK wbqg| ^vfvweK me ai‡Yi Lvevi MÖnY Kiv hv‡e|
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbvq evi evi Avgiv gvwm‡Ki mgq e¨enviK…Z DcKi‡Yi cwi®‹v‡ii K_v e‡jwQ| cvwb Qvov cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi †Kvb weKí bvB| Avevi G cvwb hw` wbivc`/cwi®‹vi bv nq Zvn‡j cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z wM‡q bvbv iKg gqjv hy³ n‡Z cv‡i| myZivs Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e cwi®‹vi cvwb †hb gvwm‡Ki DcKiY cwi®‹v‡ii Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq| Avi bv n‡j wewfbœ iKg †ivM evjvBmn PzjKvbx n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB cvwb, FZzmªve I cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi wbweo m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| myZvis my¯’ _vK‡Z n‡j FZzmªve PjvKvjxb mg‡q Ges me mgq cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|
mvaviYZ bvixiv gvwm‡Ki mgq cvqLvbvq DcKiY cwieZ©b, cwi®‹vi wKsev †d‡j †`qvi KvR¸‡jv K‡i _v‡K| wKš‘ †ekxi fvM mgq cvqLvbvq G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ ch©vß RvqMvi e¨e¯’v ev Ab¨vb¨ my‡hvM¸‡jv _v‡K bv| cwi®‹vi Kivi RvqMv _v‡K bv, c`©v _v‡K bv| G‡Z bvbv iKg Amyweavi m„wó nq| ZvB gvwm‡Ki mg‡qi KvR¸‡jv Kivi Rb¨ cvqLvbvi AeKvVv‡gvi Dc‡hvMx I Dbœqb NUv‡bv LyeB Riæwi|
cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi mv‡_ gvwm‡Ki m¤úK© BwZg‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZeyI †Rvi w`‡q GKwU K_v bv ej‡jB bq hv n‡jv- ¯^v¯’¨, my¯’Zv A‡bKUvB wbf©i K‡i cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi Dci| ZvB G mg‡q Av‡iv †ekx cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi cÖ‡qvRb|
cvwbi mv‡_ gvwm‡Ki m¤úK©
cvqLvbvi mv‡_ gvwm‡Ki m¤úK©
cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi mv‡_ gvwm‡Ki m¤úK© weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Ôe¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvÕ D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges wKfv‡e e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi wbqg cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e welq¸‡jv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv, cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi I
cÖ`k©b
10 wg:
10 wg:
10 wg:
cU (e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZv)
48 49Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cU (Paut) e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZv
e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi wbw`©ó 2wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: gv I wK‡kvix| cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨ivI _vK‡Z cv‡i|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 Rb gwnjv GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq: 30 wgwbU|
e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
j¾vi †Kvb welq bv| Ab¨vb¨ cÖvK…wZK wel‡qi gZ GUvI GKwU ^vfvweK wbqg| ^vfvweK me ai‡Yi Lvevi MÖnY Kiv hv‡e|
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbvq evi evi Avgiv gvwm‡Ki mgq e¨enviK…Z DcKi‡Yi cwi®‹v‡ii K_v e‡jwQ| cvwb Qvov cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi †Kvb weKí bvB| Avevi G cvwb hw` wbivc`/cwi®‹vi bv nq Zvn‡j cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z wM‡q bvbv iKg gqjv hy³ n‡Z cv‡i| myZivs Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e cwi®‹vi cvwb †hb gvwm‡Ki DcKiY cwi®‹v‡ii Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq| Avi bv n‡j wewfbœ iKg †ivM evjvBmn PzjKvbx n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB cvwb, FZzmªve I cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi wbweo m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| myZvis my¯’ _vK‡Z n‡j FZzmªve PjvKvjxb mg‡q Ges me mgq cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|
mvaviYZ bvixiv gvwm‡Ki mgq cvqLvbvq DcKiY cwieZ©b, cwi®‹vi wKsev †d‡j †`qvi KvR¸‡jv K‡i _v‡K| wKš‘ †ekxi fvM mgq cvqLvbvq G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ ch©vß RvqMvi e¨e¯’v ev Ab¨vb¨ my‡hvM¸‡jv _v‡K bv| cwi®‹vi Kivi RvqMv _v‡K bv, c`©v _v‡K bv| G‡Z bvbv iKg Amyweavi m„wó nq| ZvB gvwm‡Ki mg‡qi KvR¸‡jv Kivi Rb¨ cvqLvbvi AeKvVv‡gvi Dc‡hvMx I Dbœqb NUv‡bv LyeB Riæwi|
cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi mv‡_ gvwm‡Ki m¤úK© BwZg‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZeyI †Rvi w`‡q GKwU K_v bv ej‡jB bq hv n‡jv- ¯^v¯’¨, my¯’Zv A‡bKUvB wbf©i K‡i cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi Dci| ZvB G mg‡q Av‡iv †ekx cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi cÖ‡qvRb|
cvwbi mv‡_ gvwm‡Ki m¤úK©
cvqLvbvi mv‡_ gvwm‡Ki m¤úK©
cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi mv‡_ gvwm‡Ki m¤úK© weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Ôe¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvÕ D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges wKfv‡e e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi wbqg cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e welq¸‡jv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv|
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv, cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi I
cÖ`k©b
10 wg:
10 wg:
10 wg:
cU (e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZv)
48 49Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cU (Paut) e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZv
e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi †mk‡bi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi wbw`©ó 2wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: gv I wK‡kvix| cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨ivI _vK‡Z cv‡i|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 Rb gwnjv GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq: 30 wgwbU|
e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
e¨w³MZ cwi”QbœZv eRvq ivwL my¯’, mej I my›`i _vwK
1. cwiev‡ii mK‡j mKv‡j LvIqvi ci uvZ eªvk Kwi 2. cwiev‡ii mK‡j iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M uvZ eªvk Kwi
3. cwiev‡ii mK‡j cÖwZ mßv‡n bL KuvwU
cU ( ) cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmPautcwi‡ekMZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi wbw`©ó 2wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: gv I wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 Rb gwnjv GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq : 40 wgwbU
e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Ôcwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmÕ Gi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ cwi‡ekMZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges wKfv‡e cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi wbqg¸‡jv cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e Zv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv, cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi I
cÖ`k©b
10 wg:
20 wg:
10 wg:
cU (e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZv)
50 51Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZv
e¨w³MZ cwi”QbœZv eRvq ivwL my¯’, mej I my›`i _vwK
1. cwiev‡ii mK‡j mKv‡j LvIqvi ci uvZ eªvk Kwi 2. cwiev‡ii mK‡j iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M uvZ eªvk Kwi
3. cwiev‡ii mK‡j cÖwZ mßv‡n bL KuvwU
cU ( ) cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmPautcwi‡ekMZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿc‡Ui Qwe †`‡L AskMÖnYKvixMY cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi wbqg-Kvbyb cvj‡bi welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
ŸAv‡jvPbv †_‡K AskMÖnYKvixMY cwi‡ekMZ ^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi wbw`©ó 2wU evZ©v m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
mnvqK: gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©xMY cU †mkb cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix: gv I wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix|
¯’vb: MÖv‡gi ev cvovi †Kvb GK ’vb †hLv‡b 20-25 Rb gwnjv GK mv‡_ BD AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z cv‡i|
mgq : 40 wgwbU
e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi †mkb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
weeiY c×wZ mgq DcKiY
mnvqK †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mv‡_ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges AvR‡Ki Ôcwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmÕ Gi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡eb| D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B mnvqK cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRxqZv Zz‡j ai‡eb|
mnvqK cÖ_‡g cU e¨env‡ii Av‡M wb‡¤œv³ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
ŸmevB †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ’v‡b Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui `yÕcv‡k `yÕRb cU a‡i `vov‡Z cv‡i hv‡Z K‡i c‡Ui Qwe eY©bvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq;
ŸGKwU Qwe e¨vL¨vi mgq Ab¨ Qwe eÜ ivL‡Z n‡e;
ŸGB †mk‡b †Kej gvÎ cwi‡ekMZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZvi Bmy¨i evZ©vmg~n cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e;
ŸAv‡jvPbvi mgq Aek¨B AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K cÖkœ Kivi my‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e Ges c‡Ui Qwei mwVK e¨vL¨v w`‡Z n‡e|
†mkb †k‡l mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wdWe¨vK wb‡eb Ges wKfv‡e cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Gi wbqg¸‡jv cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e Zv cÖ‡kœv‡Ë‡ii gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l mnvqK mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
DVvb ˆeVK/mfv
Av‡jvPbv I cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi
Av‡jvPbv, cÖ‡kœv‡Ëvi I
cÖ`k©b
10 wg:
20 wg:
10 wg:
cU (e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZv)
50 51Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
e¨w³MZ cwi¯‹vi-cwi”QbœZv
cwi®‹vi ivwL Avkcvk my¯’ _vwK ev‡iv gvm
1. evwoi Pvicvk I †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi ivwL 2. cvwievwiK AveR©bv K‡¤úv÷ Zwii M‡Z© ivwL
mnvqK Z_¨
gqjv-AveR©bv AcmviY Ges e¨eüZ cvwb wb®‹vk‡Yi iæZ¡Avgv‡`i †`‡k MÖvg/Pi GjvKvq gqjv-AveR©bv Acmvi‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb e¨e¯’v †bB, GQvov `wi`ª cwievi¸‡jv †hLv‡b emevm K‡i, †mmKj GjvKvq gqjv AveR©bv Acmvi‡Yi Rb¨ †Zgb †Kvb e¨e¯’v mvaviYZ †`Lv hvq bv| GmKj cwievi¸‡jv Zv‡`i cÖwZw`‡bi cvwievwiK gqjv-AveR©bv evoxi Av‡kcv‡ki †Lvjv RvqMvq, †Wvev, wbPz RvqMvq AcmviY K‡i _v‡K|
gqjv AveR©bv Acmvi‡Yi cvkvcvwk Avi GKwU wPÎ †`Lv hvq, cÖwZwU cwievi‡KB ivbœv-LvIqvi, nuvwocvwZj, _vjvevwU †avqv, Kvco KuvPv, Ni †gvQv mn bvbv ai‡Yi KvR Ki‡Z nq| mvaviYZ cwievi¸‡jv †avqv-†gvQvi Kv‡R e¨eüZ cvwb †hLv‡b †mLv‡b †d‡j †`q| `xN©w`b GKB RvqMvq cvwb w`‡q †avqv-†gvQv Kiv n‡j ev e¨eüZ cvwb †dj‡j ev Rgv‡j RvqMvwU †bvsiv, mu¨vZmu¨v‡Z Ges `~M©Ühy³ n‡q _v‡K| G‡Z K‡i cvwicvwk¦K cwi‡ek `~wlZ nq| Avgv‡`i cvwicvwk©¦K cwi‡ek my¯’-my›`i Ges `~lYgy³ ivLvi Rb¨ cÖwZw`‡bi ZwiZiKvix ev ivbœv N‡ii gqjv-AveR©bvmn evoxi Ab¨vb¨ gqjv-AveR©bv †hgb wbw`©ó ’v‡b Acmvi‡Yi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e, †Zgwb †avqv-†gvQvi Kv‡R e¨eüZ cvwbI mwVK Dcv‡q †Wªb ev wbw`óM‡Z© wb®‹vlY Ki‡Z n‡e| myZivs `bw›`b gqjv-AveR©bv AcmviY Ges e¨eüZ cvwb mwVK Dcv‡q wb®‹vlY GB yÕwU welq‡K mgvb iæZ¡ w`‡q mwVK fv‡e e¨¯’vcbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avgv‡`i `bw›`b cvwievwiK ev M„n¯’vjx Kv‡R mvaviYZt Avgiv yB ai‡Yi gqjv-AveR©bv †`L‡Z cvB|
1. ˆRe AveR©bv I
2. A‰Re AveR©bv|
ˆRe AveR©bv hv cPbkxj†h mKj AveR©bv mn‡RB cu‡P _v‡K Zv‡K Re AveR©bv e‡j| †hgb: kvK, mwâ, gvQ, gvsm, djgy‡ji Aewkóvsk, evwm cuPv Lvevi, KvMR BZ¨vw`|
A‰Re AveR©bv hv AcPbkxj†h mKj AveR©bv gvwU‡Z cu‡P bv, †g‡k bv †m¸‡jv‡K A‰Re AveR©bv e‡j| †hgb: cwjw_b, cøvw÷K, ivevi, KuvP, †jvnv, Zvi, wUb BZ¨vw`| M„n¯’vjx Kv‡Ri gqjv-AveR©bv Ges e¨eüZ cvwb †hLv‡b †mLv‡b Acmvi‡Yi Kvi‡Y GKw`‡K †hgb Avgv‡`i cvwicvwk¦K cwi‡ek ~wlZ nq Ab¨w`‡K Avevi Gi ^v¯’¨MZ ¶wZKviK w`KI i‡q‡Q| †hgb:
gqjv-AveR©bv I †bvsiv cwi‡e‡ki ¶wZKviK w`Kmg~n
cwi‡ekMZ ¶wZ
ŸLvbvi Av‡kcv‡ki cwi‡ek Ges †Wªb ~wlZ nq;
Ÿgkv-gvwQ esk we¯Ívi K‡i;
Ÿgqjv-AveR©bv cu‡P yM©Ü Qovq;
Ÿevqy ~wlZ nq;
ŸgvwUi ¶wZ mvab K‡i;
Ÿf‚-Mf©¯’ cvwb ~wlZ nq|
¯^v¯’¨MZ ¶wZ
Ÿgkv evwnZ †ivM †hgb: †W½y, g¨v‡jwiqv I dvB‡jwiqv (†Mv`‡ivM) BZ¨vw` Qovq;
Ÿgqjv AveR©bvq dzmdzmRwbZ †ivM Ges ^vmK‡ói cÖ‡Kvc e„w× cvq;
Ÿgqjv AveR©bvi ms¯ú‡k© Avm‡j wewfbœ ai‡bi Pg© †ivM nIqvi m¤¢vebv †`Lv †`q;
ŸAv‡kcv‡ki †Lvjv AveR©bvq gvwQ/KxUcZ½ esk we¯Ívi K‡i| Lvevi XvKv bv LvK‡j GB me gvwQ/KxUcZ½ Lvev‡i e‡m Ges G‡`i cv I kix‡i K‡i e‡q wb‡q Avmv RxevYy Lvevi ~wlZ K‡i|
52 53Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb mnvqK wb‡`©wkKv
cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
cwi®‹vi ivwL Avkcvk my¯’ _vwK ev‡iv gvm
1. evwoi Pvicvk I †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi ivwL 2. cvwievwiK AveR©bv K‡¤úv÷ Zwii M‡Z© ivwL
mnvqK Z_¨
gqjv-AveR©bv AcmviY Ges e¨eüZ cvwb wb®‹vk‡Yi iæZ¡Avgv‡`i †`‡k MÖvg/Pi GjvKvq gqjv-AveR©bv Acmvi‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb e¨e¯’v †bB, GQvov `wi`ª cwievi¸‡jv †hLv‡b emevm K‡i, †mmKj GjvKvq gqjv AveR©bv Acmvi‡Yi Rb¨ †Zgb †Kvb e¨e¯’v mvaviYZ †`Lv hvq bv| GmKj cwievi¸‡jv Zv‡`i cÖwZw`‡bi cvwievwiK gqjv-AveR©bv evoxi Av‡kcv‡ki †Lvjv RvqMvq, †Wvev, wbPz RvqMvq AcmviY K‡i _v‡K|
gqjv AveR©bv Acmvi‡Yi cvkvcvwk Avi GKwU wPÎ †`Lv hvq, cÖwZwU cwievi‡KB ivbœv-LvIqvi, nuvwocvwZj, _vjvevwU †avqv, Kvco KuvPv, Ni †gvQv mn bvbv ai‡Yi KvR Ki‡Z nq| mvaviYZ cwievi¸‡jv †avqv-†gvQvi Kv‡R e¨eüZ cvwb †hLv‡b †mLv‡b †d‡j †`q| `xN©w`b GKB RvqMvq cvwb w`‡q †avqv-†gvQv Kiv n‡j ev e¨eüZ cvwb †dj‡j ev Rgv‡j RvqMvwU †bvsiv, mu¨vZmu¨v‡Z Ges `~M©Ühy³ n‡q _v‡K| G‡Z K‡i cvwicvwk¦K cwi‡ek `~wlZ nq| Avgv‡`i cvwicvwk©¦K cwi‡ek my¯’-my›`i Ges `~lYgy³ ivLvi Rb¨ cÖwZw`‡bi ZwiZiKvix ev ivbœv N‡ii gqjv-AveR©bvmn evoxi Ab¨vb¨ gqjv-AveR©bv †hgb wbw`©ó ’v‡b Acmvi‡Yi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e, †Zgwb †avqv-†gvQvi Kv‡R e¨eüZ cvwbI mwVK Dcv‡q †Wªb ev wbw`óM‡Z© wb®‹vlY Ki‡Z n‡e| myZivs `bw›`b gqjv-AveR©bv AcmviY Ges e¨eüZ cvwb mwVK Dcv‡q wb®‹vlY GB yÕwU welq‡K mgvb iæZ¡ w`‡q mwVK fv‡e e¨¯’vcbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avgv‡`i `bw›`b cvwievwiK ev M„n¯’vjx Kv‡R mvaviYZt Avgiv yB ai‡Yi gqjv-AveR©bv †`L‡Z cvB|
1. ˆRe AveR©bv I
2. A‰Re AveR©bv|
ˆRe AveR©bv hv cPbkxj†h mKj AveR©bv mn‡RB cu‡P _v‡K Zv‡K Re AveR©bv e‡j| †hgb: kvK, mwâ, gvQ, gvsm, djgy‡ji Aewkóvsk, evwm cuPv Lvevi, KvMR BZ¨vw`|
A‰Re AveR©bv hv AcPbkxj†h mKj AveR©bv gvwU‡Z cu‡P bv, †g‡k bv †m¸‡jv‡K A‰Re AveR©bv e‡j| †hgb: cwjw_b, cøvw÷K, ivevi, KuvP, †jvnv, Zvi, wUb BZ¨vw`| M„n¯’vjx Kv‡Ri gqjv-AveR©bv Ges e¨eüZ cvwb †hLv‡b †mLv‡b Acmvi‡Yi Kvi‡Y GKw`‡K †hgb Avgv‡`i cvwicvwk¦K cwi‡ek ~wlZ nq Ab¨w`‡K Avevi Gi ^v¯’¨MZ ¶wZKviK w`KI i‡q‡Q| †hgb:
gqjv-AveR©bv I †bvsiv cwi‡e‡ki ¶wZKviK w`Kmg~n
cwi‡ekMZ ¶wZ
ŸLvbvi Av‡kcv‡ki cwi‡ek Ges †Wªb ~wlZ nq;
Ÿgkv-gvwQ esk we¯Ívi K‡i;
Ÿgqjv-AveR©bv cu‡P yM©Ü Qovq;
Ÿevqy ~wlZ nq;
ŸgvwUi ¶wZ mvab K‡i;
Ÿf‚-Mf©¯’ cvwb ~wlZ nq|
¯^v¯’¨MZ ¶wZ
Ÿgkv evwnZ †ivM †hgb: †W½y, g¨v‡jwiqv I dvB‡jwiqv (†Mv`‡ivM) BZ¨vw` Qovq;
Ÿgqjv AveR©bvq dzmdzmRwbZ †ivM Ges ^vmK‡ói cÖ‡Kvc e„w× cvq;
Ÿgqjv AveR©bvi ms¯ú‡k© Avm‡j wewfbœ ai‡bi Pg© †ivM nIqvi m¤¢vebv †`Lv †`q;
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cÖ¨vKwUK¨vj G¨vKkb, evsjv‡`kevwo # 12/we, †ivW # 4, avbgwÛXvKv-1205, evsjv‡`k†dvb: +88-02-86504399675236, 9675243d¨v·: +88-02-9674340B-‡gBj: [email protected]
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BDwb‡md evsjv‡`kweGmGj Awdm Kg‡cø·1 wg›Uz †ivW, XvKv-1000, evsjv‡`k†Uwj‡dvb: +88-02-885 2266www.unicef.org.bd
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