guide to nebosh international diploma in occupational health and safety

August 2011

Guide to NEBOSH International Diploma in Occupational Health and Safety

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[DATE] 3 hours, 0930 to 1230 10 minutes reading time is allowed before the start of this examination. You may not write anything during this period. Answer both Section A and Section B

SECTION A This section contains six questions. Answer ALL SIX questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

The maximum marks for each question, or part of a question, are shown in brackets.

You are advised to spend about 15 minutes on each question.

Start each answer on a new page.

1 (a) Giving reasons in EACH case, identify FIVE persons` who could

be interviewed to provide information for an investigation into a workplace accident. (5)

(b) Outline the issues to consider when preparing the accident

investigation interviews for workers from within the organisation. (5) 2 Outline ways in which a health and safety practitioner could evaluate and

develop their own competence. (10)


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3 Outline, with appropriate examples, the key features of the following risk management concepts:

(a) risk avoidance; (2) (b) risk reduction; (2) (c) risk transfer; (3) (d) risk retention. (3) 4 (a) Outline the site operator requirements for emergency planning

and procedures within the International Labour Organisation Convention C174 ‘Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents’ 1993. (6)

(b) As part of the on-site emergency planning process, a large

manufacturing site intends to provide information to the external emergency services.

Outline the types of information that the site should consider

providing to the ambulance service. (4) 5 Outline, with examples, the benefits and limitations of: (a) prescriptive legislation; (5) (b) goal setting legislation. (5) 6 (a) Give the meaning of the term ‘motivation’. (2) (b) Outline, with an example in EACH case, how workers can be

motivated to behave in a positive way. (8)


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SECTION B This section contains five questions. Answer THREE questions only.





7 (a) Outline the principles, application and limitations of Event Tree

Analysis as a risk assessment technique. (6) (b) A mainframe computer suite has a protective system to limit the

effects of fire. The system comprises a smoke detector connected by a power supply to a mechanism for releasing extinguishing gas. It has been estimated that a fire will occur once every 5 years (f=0.2/year). Reliability data for the system components are as follows:

Component Reliability Detector 0.90 Power supply 0.99 Extinguishing gas release mechanism 0.95

(i) Construct an event tree for the above scenario to

calculate the frequency of an uncontrolled fire in the computer suite. (10)

(ii) Suggest ways in which the reliability of the system could

be improved. (4) 8 (a) Explain the objectives of: (i) active health and safety monitoring; (5) (ii) reactive health and safety monitoring. (5) (b) Outline FIVE active health and safety monitoring methods. (5) (c) Outline FIVE reactive health and safety monitoring methods. (5)


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9 (a) In relation to the improvement of health and safety within companies, describe what is meant by:

(i) corporate probation; (2) (ii) adverse publicity orders; (2) (iii) punitive damages. (3)

(b) Outline how the International Labour Organisation can influence health and safety standards in different countries. (7)

(c) Outline how legislation may improve health and safety. (6) 10 (a) Outline the meaning of ‘skill based’, ‘rule based’ AND ‘knowledge

based’ behaviour. (6) (b) With reference to practical examples or actual incidents, explain

how EACH of these types of operating behaviour can cause human error AND, in EACH case, explain how human error can be prevented. (14)

11 (a) Give the meaning of the term ‘health and safety culture’. (2) (b) Outline the role of an organisation in the development of a

positive health and safety culture. (12) (c) Identify ways of measuring the effectiveness of a health and

safety culture. (6)


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RKO= råáí=f_W= fåíÉêå~íáçå~ä=ã~å~ÖÉãÉåí=çÑ=Ü~ò~êÇçìë== = = = = ~ÖÉåíë=áå=íÜÉ=ïçêâéä~ÅÉ==THE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATION BOARD IN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH NEBOSH INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMA IN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY UNIT IB: INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF WORKPLACE HAZARDS [DATE] 3 hours, 0930 to 1230 10 minutes reading time is allowed before the start of this examination. You may not write anything during this period. Answer both Section A and Section B






1 Workers in a chemical plant are provided with gloves to protect against

the possible effects of the chemicals. In recent months, there has been an increase in the number of hand and lower arm skin complaints amongst these workers.

Outline possible reasons for this increase in skin complaints. (10) 2 (a) Identify the way in which lasers are classified according to their hazard. (2) (b) Low power lasers are widely used to read bar-code labelled

products at checkouts in retail premises. Outline: (ii) the design features; (4) (ii) the procedural controls (4)


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that should be in place for the safe operation and maintenance of the equipment.

3 (a) Outline the following toxicological terms: (i) LD 50; (2) (ii) LC 50. (2) (b) (i) Outline the toxicity test known as the fixed dose procedure. (4) (ii) Outline the possible reasons why the fixed dose

procedure has replaced previous methods that estimated LD 50. (2)

4 Workers on a food production line have to pick up rectangles of pasta

from a delivery conveyor and place them into trays on a separate conveyor. This involves 8 hour shifts and is carried out standing in front of the conveyors.

Following complaints from a number of workers about pains in their arms

and shoulders, you have been asked to carry out an ergonomic assessment for this operation.

(a) Outline the ergonomic risk factors to be taken into account when

making such an assessment AND outline how these may be contributing to the problems experienced by the workers in this situation. (5)

(b) Total automation of the process is not possible. Outline other

control measures that could be taken to reduce the ill-health effects being experienced by the workers. (5)

5 (a) Outline why it is important to measure transport (duct) velocity

when assessing the efficiency of a local exhaust ventilation (LEV) system. (2)

(b) Outline the methods that can be used to measure transport

velocity in an LEV system. (5) (c) Identify other measurements that can be used to determine if the

LEV system is working as designed. (3)


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6 (a) Outline the health effects associated with the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (3)

(b) Outline control measures to protect against occupational

exposure to the virus. (7)





Start each answer on a new page. 7 A small motor vehicle repair workshop uses paints known to contain isocyanates. (a) Outline the health effects from exposure to isocyanates. (3) (b) Outline the factors to consider when assessing the risks arising

from using these paints. (7) (c) Outline the practical measures to control exposure to the

isocyanates when spray painting the vehicles in the workshop. (10) 8 You are a health and safety advisor to a bus operating company. You

have been asked to prepare a company policy on drug misuse. Outline key points the policy should include. (20)

9 (a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘toxicity’. (2) (b) Describe the physical characteristics of asbestos and give TWO

occupational examples where it is likely to be encountered. (4) (c) Outline the diseases caused by exposure to asbestos AND their

signs and symptoms. (7) (d) Outline the equipment and method that should be used to

determine the level of asbestos fibres in the air in the workplace.


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10 A distribution company employs 300 workers as drivers, warehouse

operatives and office staff, processing telephone and internet orders.

(a) Identify the possible functions of this company’s occupational health department:

(i) when recruiting new workers; (4) (ii) when a worker returns to work after ill-health. (5)

(b) Outline other ways in which the occupational health department can assist the management team to improve health and safety within this organisation. (11)

(You do not need to consider those functions you have already

addressed in part a). 11 A motorcycle courier is exposed to high levels of noise and vibration as he

rides his motorcycle. The vibration originates in the engine and wheels and is transmitted to the rider through the vehicle seat, handlebars and foot pegs. The high noise level arises mainly from wind turbulence around the rider’s crash helmet.

(a) Outline the ill-health symptoms related to noise and vibration that the

rider is likely to experience from prolonged and repeated riding. (4) (b) Outline how you might assess: (i) the noise level experienced by the rider; (4) (ii) the level of vibration experienced by the rider. (4)

(c) Outline the range of practical measures that can be taken to reduce the risk of ill-health effects to the driver. (8)


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1 A sewage drain has collapsed and it is necessary to inspect the damage

prior to its repair. The inspection requires entry into a confined space 10 metres deep.

Outline the possible risks to those entering the sewer. (10) 2 Outline what should be considered when preparing a scheme for the

systematic examination, testing and maintenance of portable electrical appliances. (10)

3 Members of the public have been injured when collecting baggage from a

baggage conveyor at an airport. (a) Identify typical mechanical hazards when the conveyor is in use. (4) (b) Outline the control measures that should be in place to reduce

the risk of injury from the mechanical hazards.


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4 Environmental pollution is a major concern in many industrial processes.

A number of alternative strategies are available to organisations to manage these risks.

Give the meaning of: (a) Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC); (4) (b) Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO); (3) (c) Best Available Techniques (BAT). (3) 5 A motor vehicle repair workshop has installed a new electrically powered,

compressed air system.

Outline the factors to be considered in developing a suitable planned preventative maintenance programme. (10)

6 A diesel engine is being used to power a machine in a potentially

flammable atmosphere. (a) Identify the sources of ignition from the diesel engine. (4) (b) Outline the protection that should be applied to the engine to

minimise the risk of an explosion. (6)





Start each answer on a new page. 7 For a large supermarket with restaurant facilities:

(a) outline the automatic fire protection systems that should be in place; (6)

(b) outline the factors to be considered when developing a safe

means of escape for the supermarket. (14)


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8 An external lift on a construction site has an interlocked guard to prevent

the lift operating when the gate is open. With reference to the diagram:

(a) identify the two types of switch shown (Switch A AND Switch B); (2)

(b) identify the functional components associated with BOTH

switches; (4) (c) outline the normal sequence of operation for the electrically-

operated, cam-activated switch assembly when the gate opens and closes; (6)

(d) outline ways in which electrically-operated, cam-activated

switches may fail to operate as intended. (8)

9 A small company manufactures products using electro-chemical

processes. The company has poor general standards of health and safety, made worse by the presence of conductive and corrosive fluids and humid, corrosive atmospheres.

(a) Describe the types of fault that may be found under such

conditions in a fixed electrical system. (10) (b) Outline the technical information a competent electrician would

require before conducting an inspection of a fixed electrical system. (10)


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10 The International Labour Organisation’s Standard R175 and its

associated Code of Practice sets out general principles for ‘Safety and Health in Construction’.

Minor repairs need to be carried out to the sloping roof of a large two-storey property. A scaffold is to be erected in order to gain access to the work area.

Using the guidance in R175, outline the precautions necessary for carrying out the repairs. (20)

11 Outline the factors to consider with respect to the design, construction

and use of a storeroom that is to be used for the storage of bulk stocks of palletised containers (20)

The National ExaminationBoard in OccupationalSafety and Health

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