greetings! human factors engineering identifying breakdowns in team situational awareness
TRANSCRIPT
Greetings!
HumanFactors
Engineering
Identifying Breakdowns in Team Situational Awareness
Key Goal of US Army
React quickly, efficiently, and effectively
Develop new information technology
Develop new roles Develop new
organizational configurations
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Fires and Effects Coordination Cell
(FECC) Targeting
Collect, Assess, Disseminate IntelligenceCoordinate RSTACoordinate with Brigade Combat Team Force ProtCoordinate with DIV Intel Proactive and Responsive CF
Non-LethalEffects
Assess Intelligence Plan Offensive Non-Lethal OperationsCoordinate w/ RSTA Monitor Non-Lethal AttacksCoordinate with other Elements
Lethal Effects
Perform Tactical Fire ControlEstablish Sensor-Weapons PairingProcess Fire Orders Coordinate FiresProcess BDA Coordinate with DIV ECC
Disseminate GuidanceProcess Info to DisplayAssess SituationManage control measures
MISSION: Plan, coordinate and execute full spectrum (lethal and non-lethal) effects.
COA Simulation
Situational Awareness
Planning
Planning and Decision Aids
Collaborative Features• Common Operating Picture• Productivity Tools• Electronic White Board• Chat Rooms• E-Mail Messaging• Web Pages
• Reconfigurable Workstations• Overlay and Desktop Library• Split Panel Displays• Dual or Split Screen Monitor• Light Pen Interface• Voice or Video Teleconferencing
Future Fires Decision Support System
(F2DSS)
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Research Issues
2. What are the roles and functions of the future fires organizations (organizational transformation)?
1. What battle staff processes must be re-engineered to accomplish effects-based fires?
4. What collaborative tools are needed to support information processing, interaction, and decision making?
3. What is the impact of the prototype information technology on planning and decision-making?
HumanPerformance
Measures
Challenges to Data Collection
Separating the effectiveness of the collaborative system (F2DSS) from the effects of new organization (FECC), new tasks, and the testing environment.
“Thinking Outside of The Box”
Research of SA Measures
China Lake Situational Awareness (CLSA) SA Subjective Workload Dominance
Technique (SA-SWORD) SA Global Assessment Technique
(SAGAT) Crew SA Snapshots SA Probes
Breakdown Analysis
A system is usable only if the user can work on tasks while remaining unaware of the system.
A system’s usability can be evaluated through an examination of the breakdowns experienced while a user attempts to use the system (Scrivener, Urquijo, & Palmen, 1993).
Breakdown Analysis Process
1. Note and classify breakdown by transaction type (user-tool; user-task; user-user; user-environment)
2. Determine probable cause for the breakdown
(diagnosis) through examination of the content of the conversation.
3. Propose a corrective action (remedy).
Figure 2. Interaction between three organizational subsystems during FCS experimentation.
FECC
Multiple Tasks Tool (F2DSS)
Multiple Users
CBT BN
Multiple Tasks Tool (F2DSS)
Multiple Users
Fires
Multiple Tasks Tool (F2DSS)
Multiple Users
Sub-system A
Sub-system BSub-system C
Figure 1. Interaction between two human-computer subsystems (Scrivener, Urquijo, & Palmen, 1993)
Environment A
Environment B
Task A Tool A
User A
Task B Tool B
User B
Sub-system A
Sub-system B
Breakdown Analysis
Breakdown Data During F2C2 CEP 2
1.1 User does not understand task
1.2 User does not have necessary knowledge to accomplish task
2.1 Tool failure
2.2 User does not understand tool
2.3 Tool is inadequate for job
3.1 User becomes aware of environment
4.1 Insufficient information
4.2 Message unclear
4.3 Message not received
