greenchem - open room future of the adblue... · 2 co = urea 32.5% urea (adblue) solution in de-...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
GreenChem
AdBlue Solutions
Chris Haynes, Managing Director – GreenChem Solutions Ltd
![Page 2: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
AdBlue and the market
• Background of the AdBlue market
• Why do we need AdBlue?
• What is AdBlue?
• What does it do?
• Where do I get it?
• How much do I need?
• Systems, concepts and opportunities, future oil spec E6?
• New markets
FAQ – about AdBlue ®
![Page 3: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
AdBlue in the truck & bus market
![Page 4: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
0,3
0,35
0,4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
NOX (g/kWh)
pa
rtic
les
(g
/kW
h)
EURO I 1993
EURO II 1996
EURO III 2001
EURO IV 2006
EURO V 2009
V IV
III
II
I
Emission legislation in the EU -
94 %
- 75 %
EURO VI 2013
![Page 5: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
0,3
0,35
0,4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
NOX (g/kWh)
pa
rtic
les
(g
/kW
h)
EURO I 1993
EURO II 1996
EURO III 2001
EURO IV 2006
EURO V 2009
V IV
III
II
I
Emission legislation in the EU -
97 %
- 95 %
EURO VI 2013
![Page 6: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Environmental policy
European emission level diesel engine
‘Gas standard’
Euro 3 Euro 4 Euro 5 Euro 6 EEV
CO 5.45 4.0 4.0 1.5 3.0
HC 0.78 0.55 0.55 0.13 0.40
NOx 5.0 3.5 2.0 0.4 2.0
PM 0.16 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.02
Smoke 0.8 0.5 0.5 - 0.15
Measured according to the European Transient Cycle
* gr/kWh, measured according European Transient Cycle
![Page 7: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Intercooling
Swirl
Reduction of
oil consumption
Particulates filter
SCR
Selective Catalytic
Reduction
EGR, Exhaust Gas
Recirculation
Injection Piston shape Electronics
Pre combustion Post combustion
Combustion
Engine technology
![Page 8: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The impact of Euro 6
Catalyst with AdBlue (SCR)
Closed, active soot filter (DPF)
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
• Oxidisation catalysts
• Diesel particulate filters
• Ultra high pressure fuel injection
• Variable geometry turbo charging
![Page 9: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
23 years of the UK truck market
6.0 tonne+
Average
market
1988 to 2011
![Page 10: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
UK truck market - forecast (6.0 t+)
![Page 11: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
What is AdBlue?
A very pure watery urea solution
Especially developed for the SCR catalyst / automotive sector
AdBlue – according to ISO 22241
Some characteristics are
Freezes / corrosive / cristallisation / Not ADR classified
The Purity of AdBlue has production and handling implications and limited consequences for the environment
Production & storage under specific conditions
To maintain ISO 22241 quality
![Page 12: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
AdBlue - The Product
Urea – base material for making AdBlue through dilution
Urea is one of the largest worldwide traded commodities with ample supply capacities - Urea fertiliser, resin, pharmaceutical, industrial uses
Urea made from a direct high temperature, high pressure reaction between ammonia & carbon dioxide
O
C
N N H
H
H
H
(NH2)2 CO = Urea
32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water
Very high purity, special grade
DIN specification to warrant catalyst life/activity
Specific quality de-mineralised water
![Page 13: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
What is AdBlue?
AdBlue is not a hazardous substance
There are no known health hazards related to handling of urea solution
No restrictions relating to transport on rail, road, ships or storage
Corrosive: effectively an issue in relation to product quality
No use of materials / equipment for oil products
Equipment re-developed and available
To iron, copper, bronze + some aluminums
Crystallisation: only an issue for filling equipment
Solved & equipment is available
Crystallisation when drying can lead to blocking of nozzles and pumps
Colourless clear liquid
![Page 14: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Slowly decomposes to ammonia and carbon dioxide, long term + 400 C
Harmless: the product is NOT dangerous to the environment
More impact of the environment on product : solved Cannot burn / explode Does you no harm - BUT does not taste good! Easy to store in relation to environmental issues
Safety data sheets available from suppliers provide more information on handling AdBlue.
AdBlue - more facts
Specific gravity 1.1 kg
Freezes: this has been solved: trucks and delivery systems Starts to Freeze at – 110C
![Page 15: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Characteristics Unit Min. Max.
Urea content % (m/m) 31,8 33,2
Density at 20°C kg/m³ 1087,0 1093,0
Refractive Index at 20°C ----- 1,3814 1,3843
Alkalinity as NH3 % (m/m) -- 0,2
Biuret % (m/m) -- 0,3
Aldehydes mg/kg -- 5
Insoluble matter mg/kg -- 20
Phosphate (PO4) mg/kg -- 0,5
Calcium (Ca) mg/kg -- 0,5
Iron (Fe) mg/kg -- 0,5
Copper (Cu) mg/kg -- 0,2
Zinc (Zn) mg/kg -- 0,2
Chromium (Cr) mg/kg -- 0,2
Nickel (Ni) mg/kg -- 0,2
Aluminium (Al) mg/kg -- 0,5
Magnesium (Mg) mg/kg -- 0,5
Sodium (Na) mg/kg -- 0,5
Potassium (K) mg/kg -- 0,5
AdBlue specification ISO 22241-1
![Page 16: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Cans
![Page 18: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Drums
![Page 19: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
IBC & Pumps
GreenStar 1
GreenStar Basic
![Page 20: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Bulk systems
Fully bunded for leak protection
Housing, to protect against direct sunlight
Stainless steel piping and connection
Removable roof for maintenance
Telemetry
![Page 21: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Bulk solutions
![Page 22: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Commercial solutions
![Page 23: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Equipment
Hardware potentially the biggest risk for contamination
• Problems with hardware!
23
![Page 24: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Equipment
Hardware potentially the biggest risk for contamination
• Problems with ‘experts’
24
![Page 25: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Equipment
Hardware potentially the biggest risk for contamination
• Problems with lack of awareness
25
![Page 26: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Equipment
Hardware potentially the biggest risk for contamination
• Problems with established suppliers
26
![Page 27: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Quality awareness campaign
Where does quality become an issue?
• Customer handling
– Customers ‘touch’ the AdBlue -> many examples
• Distribution chain
– Distributing parties have no understanding of AdBlue characteristics and risks – eg when AdBlue is sold ex-works
• Filling equipment
– Equipment sold as ‘AdBlue equipment’, is not suitable for AdBlue
– Customers use existing non-AdBlue equipment
General: lack of understanding; lack of awareness
27
![Page 28: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Quality awareness campaign
Where does quality become an issue? • Non Licensed Suppliers
– VDA approved
Lots of examples
General: lack of understanding; lack of awareness
28
Testing performed
by : K.Atkinson
On the : 05-Mar-12
Test Method Specification Results
Urea Content %m/m ISO22241-2 Pt C 31.8 - 33.2 29.6
Alkalinity as NH3 %m/m ISO22241-2 Pt D 0.2 max <0.01
Biuret Content %m/m ISO22241-2 Pt E 0.3 max 0.28
Insolubles
mg/Kg ISO22241-2 Pt G 20 max 31
Formaldehyde Content mg/Kg ISO22241-2 Pt F 5 max 3.96
Phosphate mg/kg ICP OES 0.5 max 0.04
Calcium mg/kg ICP OES 0.5 max 14.18
Iron mg/kg ICP OES 0.5 max 0.04
Copper mg/kg ICP OES 0.2 max 0.01
Zinc mg/kg ICP OES 0.2 max 0.02
Chromium mg/kg ICP OES 0.2 max <0.01
Nickel mg/kg ICP OES 0.2 max 0.03
Magnesium mg/kg ICP OES 0.5 max 2.17
Sodium mg/kg ICP OES 0.5 max 9.89
Potassium mg/kg ICP OES 0.5 max 0.14
Aluminium mg/kg ICP OES 0.5 max 0.03
Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer Report 1.37828
Density @ 20°C ASTM D4052 Report 1.0820
![Page 29: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
GC AdBlue supply 2010 - 2014
![Page 30: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Ships inland/ off shore Agriculture
Trains Construction
Synergy with off road market
![Page 31: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Vehicle population (000s)…
1950 2010
• Cars 2,095 26,878
• Vans 457 3,261
• Buses 123 109
• Motorcycles 725 1,133
• Trucks 451 390
• Total 3,851 31,824
![Page 32: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Operational efficiency…
Over all
roads Weight MPG Payload MPH
Productivity
factor
1960 24 t 8.1 15.0 24.8 3,013
1976 32 t 7.0 20.5 39 5,596
1992 38 t 8.0 25 42 8,400
2010 44 t 8.4 29.4 47 11,607
• 385% increase in productivity in 50 years
![Page 33: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Market growth – AdBlue that is!
Euro VI
Additional markets
Bulk systems ilo IBC
Solutions for ALL scenarios
Cowboy suppliers in the market
Quality awareness campaign
Summary
![Page 34: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
AOB ???
![Page 35: GreenChem - Open Room future of the AdBlue... · 2 CO = Urea 32.5% UREA (AdBlue) solution in de- mineralised water Very high purity, special grade ... Refractive Index @ 20°C Refractometer](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021504/5a8248717f8b9a9d308de6ea/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Thank you