Green Gas in Dutch Gas

Supply

M.J.J. Scheepers

February 2013

ECN-L--13-002

www.ecn.nl

Green Gas in Dutch Gas Supply

Martin Scheepers

EDGaR-DVGW Joint Conference

Arnhem February 7, 2013

Outline

• Gas in the Netherlands

• Green Gas

• Bio SNG

• Power2Gas

• Challenges

2

Gas in the Netherlands

Role of natural gas in Dutch

energy supply

Correljé, 2011 4

Current and future Gas

Consumption in the Netherlands

5

Historical and future natural gas

supply in the Netherlands

6 CBS/ECN

Unconventional gas in the Netherlands

• Potential reserve shale gas (non proven): 200 to 500 BCM

• No shale gas production yet

• 2 exploratory drilling projects

7

Green Gas

Green gas options

• Gas from biomass – Fermentation of biomass (biogas)

– Gasification of biomass (biosyngas)

• Power2Gas – Green electricity (e.g. wind energy)

– hydrogen

– with CO2 or biogas/biosyngas to SNG

9

Biogas production in the

Netherlands

• Biogas from different biomass sources: – Manure and other biomass in

agriculture sector (co-fermentation)

– Sewage sludge treatment

– Industrial waste water treatment

– Municipal solid waste

– Landfill (landfill gas)

– Vegetable, fruit and garden waste (GFT)

• Total number of plants in the Netherlands: 243

www.b-i-o.nl 10

Biogas utilisation

• Heating (9 MW)

• Power generation (212 MW)

• Green gas production and injection in natural gas grid – Total capacity: 7.600 m3/h

– Number of plants: 19

www.b-i-o.nl 11

Annual production: 0.25 BCM

Gasification of biomass

Raw biomass

Pre-treated

biomass Gasification Gas treatment

Syngas

CH4, CO2, CO, H2 and H2O

4 Issues for syngas

Electricity / Heat SNG (Substitute Natural Gas)

Biofuels 2nd generation

Hydrogen / Hytane

CHP Methanation Fischer-Tropsch

Shift

Injected to the grid Bio-NGV

12

Green gas policy target

13

Bio SNG

Bio SNG process

biomass

ECN Technology

15

Bio SNG demo plant

• Demo plant 12 MW (waste wood)

• Commercial plant 50-100 MW

• Location: Alkmaar, Boekelermeer

• Consortium: HVC, Gasunie, Royal Dahlman, ECN

16

Costs and benefits of bio SNG

• Costs – Biomass costs 4-6 €/GJ

– Biomass gasification & SNG production costs 10-18 €/GJ

• Cost reduction options – Biomass (e.g. waste streams)

– Bio SNG plant

– scale of production

– technology improvements

• Benefits – Green energy

– Security of Supply (i.e. diversification of energy supply)

– Fossil CO2 reduction

17

Power2Gas

Power2Gas

• Renewable energy source – (Excess) electricity from renewable power generation (e.g. large offshore wind farms)

• Power2Gas can help to manage electricity excess problems and is an alternative to – (Large scale) electricity storage

– Demand side response

– Transport to regions with electricity demand

• Power2Gas routes – Power to Hydrogen by electrolysis

– Power to Substitute Natural Gas by electrolysis + methanation

19

P2G:

SNG from green electricity and CO2

electrolysis Methanation

CO

2

E H2 SNG 1000 MWe 710

MWth

570 MWth

1 Mton CO2

20

P2G: methanation with green CO2 Large Surplus Electricity Mode

G- G

RID

P-

GR

ID

Electricity from

Renewable

Solar

Wind Hydro

e Solid Oxide Electrolyzer H2

SNG plant

Bio

gas

0.6

CH

4 +

0.4

CO

2

CO

2 f

rom

cap

ture

p

lan

ts

Bio

-Syn

gas

CH

4 +

CO

+ C

O2

+ H

2

Electricity from Fossil

Fuels

CO2 Capture

Storage

CO2 Re-Use

Conversion electricity to CH4

CH4

Gas Storage P2G

H2O

O2

Heat

H2O Heat

Combined Heat Power

21

P2G methanartion with green CO2 Small Surplus Electricity Mode

G- G

RID

P-

GR

ID

Electricity from

Renewable

Solar

Wind Hydro

e

SNG plant

CO

2 f

rom

cap

ture

p

lan

ts Electricity

from Fossil Fuels

CO2 Capture

Storage

CO2 Re-Use

Conversion electricity to CH4

CH4

Gas Storage P2G H2O Heat

Combined Heat Power

Bio-Syngas And/or Biogas

H2O

CO2 + H2O

Fuel assisted electrolysis

Bio

-Syn

gas

An

d/o

r B

ioga

s

H2

Solid Oxide Electrolyzer

22

Challenges

Challenges

• Technical challenges – Gas quality

– Transition form G and L to H gas

– Wobbe-index and gas composition

– Point of injection: transport (high pressure) or distribution grid?

• Techno-economic challenges – Biomass supply (diversity, costs)

– Green gas production costs

– Gas and CO2 price

• Regulatory and market challenges – Level playing field

– Market access

24

Thank you for your attention

This presentation was made with contributions from:

• Luc Rabou

• Stéphane Walspurger

• Bram van der Drift

• Jeroen de Joode

ECN

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1755 LE Petten 1755 ZG Petten

The Netherlands The Netherlands

T +31 88 515 49 49 info@ecn.nl

F +31 88 515 44 80 www.ecn.nl 25

8

ECN

Westerduinweg 3 P.O. Box 1

1755 LE Petten 1755 LG Petten

The Netherlands The Netherlands

T +31 88 515 4949

F +31 88 515 8338

info@ ecn.nl

www.ecn.nl