green engineering in green energy & alternative fuel
TRANSCRIPT
Team no. 79Team no. 79Is honored to present to you a research about Is honored to present to you a research about
The names of the team members -:
Mahmoud Mohamed Awd
Amr Anower
Muhammed Abd El-Hady
Mohamed Essam El-shirif
Mahmoud Mowafy
Mahmoud saeed El-said
And as we said always come over ; so human start to search the new thing that help us to continue our life alive .That was by finding new way called
Many ways found to get an alternative fuel involves “sunlight , wind , rain , tides , waves & geothermal heat “
So … thermal is limited , solar & wind energy low in efficiency
Then let’s find out which is Then let’s find out which is better for us better for us
The whole world is now using the idea of Alternative Fuel due to the increment The whole world is now using the idea of Alternative Fuel due to the increment
of fossil fuel pricesof fossil fuel prices
Using Alternative Fuel gives us many advantages as it saves money Using Alternative Fuel gives us many advantages as it saves money
and reduces the usage of fossil fuel and also using wastes that has no and reduces the usage of fossil fuel and also using wastes that has no
usage to produce extra energy .usage to produce extra energy .
The used materials usually are Agricultural waste, Rice Straw , The used materials usually are Agricultural waste, Rice Straw ,
Consumed Tires, Sewage wastes and RDF Consumed Tires, Sewage wastes and RDF
The Alternative Fuel materials are added with Natural gas or Diesel to The Alternative Fuel materials are added with Natural gas or Diesel to
produce more energy reducing the amount of primary fuel required to produce more energy reducing the amount of primary fuel required to
run the Oven .run the Oven .
Idea of Alternative Fuel is already been used in Egypt in many factories Idea of Alternative Fuel is already been used in Egypt in many factories
already already
Alternative Fuel
An Alternative Fuel unit has been already installed and tested at An Alternative Fuel unit has been already installed and tested at
InterCement company in Alexandria .InterCement company in Alexandria .
The unit managed to reduce the required natural gas by 20% and it’s The unit managed to reduce the required natural gas by 20% and it’s
expected to reach 25% with some moThe difications .expected to reach 25% with some moThe difications .
This unit uses 12 tons of Alternative fuel per hour “11 tons of agricultural This unit uses 12 tons of Alternative fuel per hour “11 tons of agricultural
and other biomass wastes and 1 ton of Tire chips “ .and other biomass wastes and 1 ton of Tire chips “ .
The main advantages : 1-useless
wastes , 2-using filters Disadvantages &
Solutions :1-the difficulty of separating RDF and shredding
Tiers into small chips so they can be added to the burner.
Solution : building units to get the materials of alternative fuel ready for the burner to be used .
Solution : using high quality filters to separate these emissions in a safe way and there are 2 types used :I. Type 1: Electro static pre separators:
Which is applying high voltage between thick metal sheets that will attract emitted ions & carbon dust then high power hummers hit the sheets so ions and carbon dust fall into the bottom and become easy to be collected .
I. Type 2: bag filters: The general idea is the double benefit :saving primary fuel
and money ,and getting rid of the wasted materials that pollutes the environment . So both industry and environment are winners in this case .
2-it can cause small reduction of production quantities due to the need of controlling emissions like CO2 , SO2 and CO
Solar Thermal Energy :-Advantages of Solar Thermal Energy:1)No Fuel Cost 2) Predictable 3) Using Existing Industrial Base 4) No Pollution and Global Warming Effects Disadvantages of Solar Thermal Energy: 1)High Costs 2) Water Issue 3) Ecological and Cultural Issues4) Limited Locations and Size Limitations 5) Financing6)Future Technology has a high probability of making CSP
Obsolete 7) Long Gestation Time Leading to Cost Overruns
SIDI KRIR SIDI KRIR
Reviews on sidikrir power stationProject (US$
million except $ per
kW below)
SidiKrir
Total project costs
417.8
$ per kW* 612.61Equity 139.2
Total debt 278.6Local debt 164.3
International (private) debt
114.3
Annual Energy output MWh
YEAR
2,091,542 2000
2,654,489 2007
2,931,094 2010
Carbon Dioxide emissions_kg
year
963,687,000.00 2000
1,201,980,000.00 2007
1,317,670,000.00 2010
Primary fuel type Natural Gas
Fuel type Heavy Fuel Oil + and Natural Gas
Generation capacity electrical MW
320 MW
Intensity kg CO2 per MWhelec
452.685 kg (0.453 tonne)
Intensitynextdecade kg CO2 per MWhelec
449.51 kg (0.45 tonne)
It all depend on report was published in 2005.
Finally,Time for Renewable Energy !!All the energy carriers discussed above are either fossil fuels. They are not renewable because they are not “refilled” by nature, at least not in a useful amount of time. In contrast, renewable energy carriers are energy carriers that are replenished by natural processes at a rate comparable or faster than its rate of consumption by humans. Consequently, hydro-, windand solar energy are renewable energy sources.
WIND ENERGY VS. SOLAR POWER – WHICH IS RIGHT FOR YOU?
• It really depends on your geographical location and energy requirements, but given the substantial investment involved with either option, it’s critical to select the right system for your needs from the outset. Getting it wrong can cause you not only great expense, but major headaches.
We take The Ivanpah Solar Electric We take The Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System as an example :Generating System as an example :
Solar field
Type CSP
CSP technology Solar power tower
Collectors 173,500
Site area 3,500 acres (1,420 ha)
Site resource 2,717 kW·h/m2/yr
Power generationUnits operational 3Make and model Siemens SST-900
Nameplate capacityUnit 1: 126 MWUnits 2 and 3: 133 MW each.Planned: 392 MW gross, 377 MW net
Capacity factor 31% (planned)Annual generation 1,079 GW·h(planned)
Wind EnergyWind Energy
The Roscoe Wind Farm as example
• Wind power is the use of air flow through wind Wind power is the use of air flow through wind turbines to mechanically power generators for electricity. turbines to mechanically power generators for electricity. • Wind power, as an alternative to burning fossil fuels, is Wind power, as an alternative to burning fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gasno greenhouse gas emissions during operation, and uses little land.emissions during operation, and uses little land.• The net effects on the environment are far less problematic than The net effects on the environment are far less problematic than those of non renewable power sources.those of non renewable power sources.
located 200 miles (320 kilometers)
wind turbines number 634
total installed capacity 781.5 MW
cost more than $1 billion
Roscoe was constructed in four phases. The first phase, Roscoe, was constructed in 2008
and consists of 209 Mitsubishi 1 MW turbines. Phase two is called Champion was also completed
in 2008 and includes 55 Siemens 2.3 MW machines. The third phase is called Pyron. Its 166 GE 1.5 MW
turbines were commissioned in mid-2009 shortly before
the fourth phase, Inadale, was completed. Inadale adds 197 more Mitsubishi 1MW turbines to the existing project.
We can see from all The Previous Examples That :-We can see from all The Previous Examples That :-Even solar or wind Energy is better but low in
efficiency , they came over Thermal one The Best Renewable Energy for Egypt is solar .. The Best Renewable Energy for Egypt is solar ..
Why ?? :- Why ?? :- Egypt has The eastern & western deserts .. We can
use it in solar energy by building it in wide range so that we can came over efficiency by numbering
But that dosen’t mean that we can’t use wind But that dosen’t mean that we can’t use wind energy :- energy :-
we have a wide coast we can also use it in producing electricity by wind energy by using the two kinds of wind tower “on shore or in sea”