green aviation paper

8/10/2019 Green Aviation Paper

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GREEN AVIATION"If we are to achieve results never before accomplished, we must expect to

employ methods never before attempted." -Sir Francis Bacon (!#$

Introduction:

It may be true that flyin% hi%h in dreams may not have anyenvironmental impact, but is it so when we practically fly&

In recent times we watch a number of terms li'e ener%y, vehicle,architecture, ratin% etc comin% with the prefix %reen. hat do this prefix)*++ and )I) )*++ mean&In fact these words are pre%nantwith a lot of effective and /ustifiable actions expected from the humansociety to save the planet since we have not inherited this planet from our%rand fathers but borrowed it from our %rand children.

)*++ means a process or a material which is beni%n or friendly,sustainable or the ability to meet the needs of the current %enerationwithout sacrificin% the ability to meet the needs of the future %eneration

possesses a %ood 0ife 1ycle 2ssessment (012$ which means very limitedenvironmental burden ri%ht from its cradle to %rave.

2lso 3)I) )*++4 or 3)*++I)4 means the activities andprocesses which save the planet, animal 'in%dom, a5uatic life, humanhealth, eco-system, protect the environment and control %lobal warmin%.

Why Green Aviation?

6here%ular 78-9 /et fuel puts out a lot of carbon: a !,;;; mile fli%ht-- rou%hly a round trip from 02 to ew


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Further with respect to this industry )reen can be more than a publicrelations campai%n. Beyond fulfillin% corporate responsibility and meetin%mandates, %reen aviation can result in si%nificant business value by cuttin%costs, creatin% revenue and increasin% efficiency too. )oin% )reen impactsthe air transport value chain too.

Transfer of technology from irds:

eneed to match or beat a minimum of #;; passen%er-miles per%allon in order to prove the aircrafts as a viable %reen alternative to a car.1reatin% such efficiency is not /ust all about improvin% the fuels alone, of

course. e have to seriously view at aircraft desi%n and the way the s'iesare mana%ed in the hunt for savin%s.

It is not only the mi%ratory routes of birds that aviation experts arewonderin% at and the birds are still inspirin% us. 6hey are hopin% thatexaminin% the desi%n of natureAs ultimate flyin% machines mi%ht turn upsome unexpected solutions. S2 6oday, for instance reported that scientistsare investi%atin% how it is that birds can fly without the lar%e vertical tail finre5uired on planes. If they could solve this conundrum, %ettin% rid of the finwould very li'ely lead to fuel savin%s. ill it be possible& hen what once

impossible were made possible, it would not be far away to realiCe this toopossible.

6he birds that fly from +urope to 1hina ta'e a different route, the bestroute every day, but what about our aircrafts& 6here are number of air pathsthat are outdated leadin% to the wasta%e of costly fuel.

6he rules %overnin% the fli%ht paths of planes should allow them totravel alon% a relaxed route, to allow the aircraft to choose the most ener%yefficient routes. 2 research concludesD if planes were allowed to travelunrestricted across +urope it would reduce carbon emissions from aviationon the continent by # percent overni%ht. 2n amaCin% fact, worthimplementin%E

Effective means to Green the Aviation !ector:

Investin% in up%raded e5uipment and processes that increase fuelefficiency or reduce fuel consumption by optimiCin% routes and procedures,


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transition to alternative sources of fuel, chan%e the business model andmetrics by which performance is measured are some of the promisin% salientmeasures for %reenin% the aviation sector.

In addition, a number of relatively easy-to-implement technolo%iesinvolvin% en%ine efficiency and reduced aircraft wei%ht and dra% could yieldlar%e fuel savin%s, and some of those technolo%ies are already bein% widelyadopted.

For example, 8ratt hitney, a division of nited 6echnolo%ies1orporation, has developed the 8ure 8ower en%ine (88+$, which thecompany estimates reduces fuel burn by # to ! percent. 6hese en%ines arecurrently on order to outfit.

Gany have applied their expertise in computational fluid dynamicsand flow control to the development of %reener aviation technolo%y thatreduces dra% and improves the efficiency of airplanes, leadin% to sustainableor %reen aviation. In an attempt towards %reen aviation and in what couldset the sta%e for a fundamental shift in commercial aviation, an GI6-ledteam has desi%ned a %reen airplane that is estimated to use H; percent lessfuel than current planes while also reducin% noise and emission of nitro%enoxides (x$.

2s a part of a #. million research contract by 2S2 to develop

environmental and performance concepts that will help %uide aeronauticsresearch over the next #! years. Jnown as 3K>4 to denote three%enerations beyond today=s commercial transport fleet, the research pro%ramis aimed at identifyin% 'ey technolo%ies, such as advanced airframeconfi%urations and propulsion systems, that will enable %reener airplanes tota'e fli%ht around #;>!.

"io#fuel as an alternative:

It would not be prudent to rely upon a source li'e fossil fuel which isfinite and this applies to fuels which feed the aviation sector too. 6he bio-fuels have emer%ed as an alternative, but they too have their owndemerits.6he use of bio-fuel remains contentious, however, with claims thatharvestin% of the crops needed to ma'e the fuel robs locals in the developin%world of valuable farmland thereby pushin% up food prices. 6he real5uestion will be whether farms could 'eep up with the demand for bio-fuel


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feedstoc' alon% with the increased food needs of a world headin% towards Lbillion people, especially if bio-fuels ta'e on a leadin% role as a %reen carfuel, too. +ven assumin% that the aviation bio-fuel can be made from non-nutritive biomass (stal's, leaves and such$, and various bio-hac's can ma'ethe plants %row faster, itAs unli'ely that we will be able to cover the wholeaviation sector alon% with others. Gore li'ely is that automotive biofuels aretransitional, while aviation will rely on bio-fuels for decades to come.

Gany are s'eptical whether first %eneration bio-fuel has enou%hener%y density to wor' on its own. +nvironmentalists also ar%ue that it oftenleads to deforestation, ma'in% any 1# savin%s lar%ely redundant. ouldanybody barter their eyes for an artifact& Jan%alai vitru chitthiramvan%uvaro& So the attention is focused on second and even third %eneration

bio-fuels that come from non-food crops.

$arine Algae: A valuale Alternative Green %uel:

Garine 2l%ae offers a very hu%e potential. 1rucially it is a source ofbio-fuel which doesnAt lead to deforestation or ta'in% away of land or waterfrom the cultivation of essential food crops, Scientists believe that al%aecould be the ultimate bio-fuel, providin% the main solution to the problem ofcuttin% airline carbon emissions. 6he advanta%e of al%ae is that it can %rowincredibly fast - doublin% in siCe in a few hours - and it does not need fresh

water or %ood 5uality land. 6hic' %reen al%a produces at least ! times moreoil per hectare than alternatives such as palm oil, soya or /atropha.

Going Green &ith !olar 'o&er:

6he ei%ht of 7uly #;; has entered the history boo's as bein% anincredible achievement in the advancement of human fli%ht. n a smallmilitary airbase in SwitCerland an experimental solar-powered aircraftlaunched on the previous day landed safely after successfully flyin% throu%hthe ni%ht. 6he incredible feat is a step toward the even more incredible aimof circlin% the %lobe usin% only the power of the Sun to fuel the plane.0on%est and hi%hest solar powered fli%ht ever. 6he plane with a total fli%httime of # hours had #,;;; solar cells arran%ed on top of its win% whichstored enou%h ener%y to power the plane for the fli%ht throu%h four en%ines.6his proves that a plane can be 'ept in the air around the cloc'. 3othin%can prevent us from another day and ni%ht, and the myth of perpetual fli%ht.4


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By #;#;, 1lean S'y hopes to cut emissions of carbon dioxide by !;?,nitro%en oxide by 9;? and noise pollution by !;?, as well as settin% up aneco-friendly life cycle for products P desi%n, manufacture, maintenance andscrappin% O recyclin%. 1lean S'y will loo' at the technical areas fromen%ines to overall aircraft desi%n.

%rom *y)e to Action:

e observe so much hype about this %reen aviation, /ust li'e the%reenin% the other areas, but this should be transformed into action. 6he%reatest impediment to chan%e, however, is often that the problem of%reenin% the aviation seems too lar%e, too incomprehensible to fully %rasp.

But inaction is the enemy. aitin% for a;; percent Qperfect= solution isfutile at worst and nebulous at best. 2 !; percent solution that can be ;;

percent implemented may be the best attempt to save not only the industrybut the earth too.

(onclusion:

o doubt the aviation sector is currently flyin% throu%h a lot of turbulence.

36he future of aviation, especially commercialRa critical enabler ofeconomic %rowth and social development %loballyRis in %rave dan%er.4accordin% to 2viation ee' Space 6echnolo%y, OO;9,

6hou%h such a warnin% is imperative, the situation is not all dire, andthe need of the hour is the implementation of the concepts of )reen2viation, to a %reater extent, thou%h not totally.

+To e,)erience and en-oy it in reality &e should thin. green and go

green to fly green/0

Than. you

green aviation paper

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