greek methology

7/31/2019 Greek Methology

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INTRODUCTION TO

GREEK MYTHOLOGY

(Greek Gods and Goddesses)


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Greek Methology

A group of myths that belong to aparticular people or culture and tell about

their ancestors, heroes, gods and other

supernatural beings, and history

(Encarta Dictionary)

It comes from the Latin word mythologia

and Greek word muthologia, which meansscience of myth. These two words are

derived from the Greek word muthos,

which means myth or speech.


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The Olympian

They are the sons and daughters ofTitans Cronus and Rhea, as well as

the sons of older Olympians.

They are called as such because

they live in Mt. Olympus, the

highest mountain in Greece,

located in Thessaly.

These deities possess powers yet

have traits and characteristics of

mortals.


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Cronus()

Was the leader and the youngest of the firstgeneration of Titans, divine descendants of

Gaia, the earth, and Uranus, the sky. He

overthrew his father and ruled during the

mythological Golden Age, until he was

overthrown by his own son, Zeus and

imprisoned in Tartarus.

Cronus was usually depicted with a sickle orscythe, which was also the instrument he

used to castrate and depose Uranus, his

father. In Athens, on the twelfth day of the

Attic month of Hekatombaion, a festival

called Kronia was held in honour of Cronus

to celebrate the harvest, suggesting that, as

a result of his association with the virtuous

Golden Age, Cronus continued to preside asa patron of harvest. Cronus was also

identified in classical antiquity with the

Roman deity Saturn.


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Rhea()

Was the Titaness daughter of the sky godUranus and the earth goddess Gaia, in Greek

mythology. In early traditions, she was

known as "the mother of gods" and was

therefore strongly associated with Gaia and

Cybele, who had similar functions. Theclassical Greeks saw her as the mother of the

Olympian gods and goddesses, but not as an

Olympian goddess in her own right. The

Romans identified her with Magna Mater

(their form of Cybele), and the Goddess Ops.


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Dione()

Was a Greek goddess primarily knownas the mother of Aphrodite in Book V of

Homer's Iliad. Aphrodite journeys to

Dione's side after she has been wounded

in battle protecting her favorite son

Aeneas. In this episode, Dione seems to

be the equivalent of the earth goddessGaia, whom Homer also placed in

Olympus. Book VI of the Iliad suggests

Dione was the mother of many others,

though that was lost through time


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Leto (; )

Is a daughter of the Titans Coeus and Phoebe

and the sister of Asteria. The island of Kos isclaimed as her birthplace. In the Olympian

scheme, Zeus is father of her twins, Apollo and

Artemis, the Letoides, which Leto conceived

after her hidden beauty accidentally caught the

eyes of Zeus. For the classical Greeks, Leto is

scarcely to be conceived apart from being

pregnant and finding a place to be delivered ofApollo and Artemis, for Hera being jealous, made

it so all lands shunned her. Finally, she finds an

island that isn't attached to the ocean floor so it

isn't considered land and she can give birth.

This is her one active mythic role: once Apollo

and Artemis are grown, Leto withdraws, to

remain a dim and benevolent matronly figure

upon Olympus, her part already played. InRoman mythology, Leto's equivalent is Latona, a

Latinization of her name, influenced by Etruscan

Letun.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoebe_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoebe_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_(mythology)


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Maia()

Is one of the Pleiades and themother of Hermes. The goddess

known as Maia among the Romans

may have originated independently,

but attracted the myths of Greek

Maia because the two figures shared

the same name. Goddess of Spring and Prosperity.


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Metis()

Was of the Titan generation and, like

several primordial figures, an Oceanid, in

the sense that Metis was born of Oceanus

and Tethys, of an earlier age than Zeus

and his siblings. Metis was the first great

spouse of Zeus.

By the era of Greek philosophy in the

fifth century BCE, Metis had become theTitaness of wisdom and deep thought, but

her name originally connoted "magical

cunning" and was as easily equated with

the trickster powers of Prometheus as

with the "royal metis" of Zeus.[1] The

Stoic commentators allegorized Metis as

the embodiment of "prudence", "wisdom"or "wise counsel", in which form she wasinherited by the Renaissance.


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Gaia()

Was the goddess or personification ofEarth in ancient Greek religion,one of

the Greek primordial deities. Gaia was

the great mother of all: the heavenly

gods, the Titans and the Giants were

born from her union with Uranus (the

sky), while the sea-gods were born from

her union with Pontus (the sea).


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Cadmus()

In Greek mythology was a Phoenician prince,theson of king Agenor and queen Telephassa ofTyre

and the brother of Phoenix, Cilix and Europa. He

was originally sent by his royal parents to seek

out and escort his sister Europa back to Tyre after

she was abducted from the shores of Phoenicia

by Zeus.[2] Cadmus founded the Greek city ofThebes, the acropolis of which was originally

named Cadmeia in his honor.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agenorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephassahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyre,_Lebanonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(son_of_Agenor)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoeniciahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Thebes_(Boeotia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acropolishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmeiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmeiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acropolishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Thebes_(Boeotia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoeniciahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(son_of_Agenor)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyre,_Lebanonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephassahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agenorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_mythology


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Semele()

Daughter of the Boeotian hero Cadmusand Harmonia, was the mortal mother of

Dionysus by Zeus in one of his many

origin myths. In another version of his

mythic origin, he is the son of Persephone.

The name "Semele", like other elements of

Dionysiac cult (e.g., thyrsus and

dithyramb), is not Greek but Thraco-

Phrygian; derived from a PIE root meaning

"earth". Her son was a god who died in

order to be reborn.


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Harmonia()

Is the immortal goddess of harmonyand concord. Her Roman counterpart

is Concordia,


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Eris()

Is the Greek goddess of strife anddiscord, her name being translated

into Latin as Discordia. Her Greek

opposite is Harmonia, whose Latin

counterpart is Concordia. Homer

equated her with the war-goddess

Enyo, whose Roman counterpart isBellona. The dwarf planet Eris is

named after the goddess, as is the

religion Discordianism.


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Pontus()

Was an ancient, pre-Olympian sea-god,one of the Greek primordial deities.

Pontus was Gaia's son and, according to

the Greek poet Hesiod, he was born

without coupling. For Hesiod, Pontus

seems little more than a personification

of the sea, ho pontos, "the Road", by

which Hellenes signified theMediterranean Sea. With Gaia, he fathered

Nereus (the Old Man of the Sea), Thaumas

(the awe-striking "wonder" of the Sea,

embodiment of the sea's dangerous

aspects), Phorcys and his sister-consort

Ceto, and the "Strong Goddess" Eurybia.With the sea goddess Thalassa (whose own

name simply means "sea" but is derived

from a pre-Greek root), he fathered the

Telchines and all sea life.


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Cybele()

Was an originally Anatolianmother goddess.Little is known of her oldest Anatolian

cults, other than her association with

mountains, hawks and lions. She may have

been Phrygia's State deity; her Phrygian

cult was adopted and adapted by Greek

colonists of Asia Minor, and spread from

there to mainland Greece and its moredistant western colonies from around the

6th century BCE.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_goddesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrygiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Minorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Graecahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Graecahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Graecahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Graecahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Minorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Minorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Minorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrygiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_goddesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_goddesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_goddesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolia


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Uranus()

Was the primal Greek god personifyingthe sky. His equivalent in Roman

mythology was Caelus. In Ancient Greek

literature, Uranus or Father Sky was the

son and husband of Gaia, Mother Earth.


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Coeus()

Was one of the Titans, the giantsons and daughters of Uranus

(Heaven) and Gaia (Earth). His

equivalent in Latin poetrythoughhe scarcely makes an appearance in

Roman mythology was Polus,

theembodiment of the celestial axis

around which the heavens revolve.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_poetryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_poetryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_poetryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_poetryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranus_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_(mythology)


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Phoenix()

A mythical sacred fire bird that can be foundin the mythologies of the Arabian, Persians,

Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, Chinese, Indians

and (according to Sanchuniathon)

Phoenicians/Canaanites.[
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_bird_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanchuniathonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoeniciahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaaniteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaaniteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoeniciahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanchuniathonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_bird_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_bird_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_bird_(mythology)


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Phoebe()

o Was one of the original Titans, who wereone set of sons and daughters of Uranus

and Gaia. She was traditionally associated

with the moon, as in Michael Drayton's

Endimion and Phbe, (1595), the first

extended treatment of the Endymion myth

in English. Her consort was her brotherCoeus, with whom she had two daughters,

Leto, who bore Apollo and Artemis, and

Asteria, a star-goddess who bore an only

daughter Hecate.


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Asteria()

Was the daughter of the Titans Coeusand Phoebe and sister of Leto.[1]

According to Hesiod, by Perses she had

a daughter Hecate.

The Titan goddess of nocturnal oracles

and falling stars, Asteria flung herself

into the Aegean Sea in the form of a

quail in order to escape the advances of

Zeus. She became the "quail island" of

Ortygia. which became identified with

Delos, which was the only piece of

earth to give refuge to the fugitive Leto

when, pregnant with Zeus's children,

she was pursued by vengeful Hera.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoebe_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesiodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perses_(titan)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hecatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegean_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortygiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deloshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deloshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortygiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegean_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegean_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegean_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hecatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perses_(titan)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesiodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoebe_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coeus


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Hecate()

Is an ancient goddess, sometimesdepicted in triple form, variously

associated with crossroads,

entrance-ways, fire, light, the Moon,

magic, witchcraft, knowledge of

herbs and poisonous plants,

necromancy and sorcery. She hasrulership over earth, sea and sky, as

well as a more universal role as

Saviour (Soteira), Mother of Angels

and the Cosmic World Soul
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%99%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B7http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%99%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B7http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%99%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B7http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%99%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B7


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Hyperion()

Titan of light. With Theia, he is thefather of Helios (the sun), Selene

(the moon) and Eos (the dawn).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helioshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios


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Lapetus()

Titan of mortality and father ofPrometheus, Epimetheus, Menoetius

and Atlas.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prometheushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epimetheus_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menoetius_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menoetius_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epimetheus_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prometheus


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Crius()

The least individualized of the TwelveTitans, he is the father ofAstraios, Pallas

and Perses.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astraeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallas_(son_of_Crius)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perses_(Titan)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perses_(Titan)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallas_(son_of_Crius)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astraeus


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Oceanus()

Titan of the all-encircling river Oceanusaround the earth, the font of all the

Earth's fresh-water.


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Thethys( )

o Wife of Oceanus, and the mother of therivers, springs, streams, fountains and

clouds.


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Theia()

Titan of sight and the shining light of theclear blue sky. She is the consort of

Hyperion, and mother of Helios, Selene and

Eos.


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Themis()

Titan of divine law and order.


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Astraeus()

Titan of stars and planets, and the art ofastrology.


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Atlas()

Titan forced to carry the sky uponhis shoulders. Also Son of Iapetus.


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Aura()

Titan of the breeze and the fresh,cool air of early morning.


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Eos()

Titan of the dawn.


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Epimetheus

Titan of afterthought and the fatherof excuses.


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Eurybia()

Titan of the mastery of the seas andconsort of Krios.


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Eurynome()

Titan of water-meadows and pasturelands, andmother of the three Charites by Zeus.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chariteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charites


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Helios()

Titan of the sun and guardian ofoaths.


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Clymene()

Titan of renown, fame and infamy, and wifeof Iapetos


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Lelantos()

Titan of air and the hunter's skill ofstalking prey. He is the male counterpart

of Leto.


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Menoetius()

Titan of violent anger, rash action, andhuman mortality. Killed by Zeus.


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Pallas()

Titan of warcraft. He was killed byAthena during the Titanomachy.


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Prometheus()

Titan of forethought and crafty counsel,and creator of mankind.


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Ophion()

An elder Titan, in some versions of the mythhe ruled the Earth with his consort Eurynome

before Cronus overthrew him.


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Perses()

Titan of destruction and peace.


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Selene()

Titan of the moon.


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Styx()

Titan of the Underworld river Styx andpersonification of hatred.


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Zeus ()

The supreme god of Greek mythology. He is the youngest son of Cronus and

Rhea. He is the one who defeats his

father.

His dominion is the earth and the sky.

His power lies in an awful thunderbolt.

His breastplate is called Aegis.


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Poseidon ()

Brother of Zeus and the god of theseas and other bodies of water.

Commonly known as the Earth Shaker because of the earthquake

that he makes.

He always carries his threepronged

spear called the trident.


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Hades ()

Brother of Zeus and the god of theunderworld. He is considered the King

of the Dead.

His palace is located under the earth.

His wife is Persephone, the goddess of

spring.
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BE%8D%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%82http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BE%8D%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%82


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Persephone()

Wife of Hades The Goddess of Spring.

Queen of The Underworld


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Hera ()

Sister and wife of Zeus, hence, the Queenof the Gods.

She is the goddess of home and marriage.


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Hestia ()

Sister of Zeus and thevirgin goddess of the

hearth.


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Demeter ()

Sister and wife of Zeus. She is thegoddess of agriculture.

Her daughter is Persephone, the

goddess of spring and abundance.


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Athena ()

Daughter of Zeus and Metis but itis Zeus alone bears her.

The goddess of war, wisdom and

handicraft.

The city of Athens is dedicated for

her.

She is a gray eyed virgin goddess,

thus she is also called as Parthenos

(Maiden).


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Artemis ()

Daughter of Zeus and Leto andtwin sister of Apollo.

She is the virgin goddess of

wildlife, forests, hunting,

childbirth and moon.


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Ares ()

Son of Zeus and Hera. The god of war.


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Hermes ()

Son of Zeus and Maia and themessenger of the gods.

He is also the Master Thiefand the god of commerce.

He is seen with his wingedcap, sandals and sceptercalled Caduceus.


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Aphrodite ()

Daughter of Zeus and Dione. Someauthorities say she comes from the

semen of Uranus.

Her name comes from the Greek words

aphros which means foam and dite

which means risen.

The goddess of passionate love and

beauty.

Her husband is Hephaestus and mother

of Eros.


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Hephaestus ()

Son of Zeus and Hera, sometimesof Hera alone.

The ugliest among the beautiful

Olympians, the lame god of fire,

and patron of the blacksmith.

His wife is Aphrodite.


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Dionysus ()

Son of Zeus and Semele.

The god of wine and merrymaking.


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Eros ()

Son of Ares and Aphrodite. The god of love.

greek methology

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