grammer book
TRANSCRIPT
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By: Enrique Matthews
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1. Qué vs. Cuál 2. Transitional Words 3. Ser 4. Gustar 5. Estar 6. Imperfect Verbs 7. Trigger words 8. Acabar de … 9. Hacer Expressions 10. Verbos Como Gustar 11. Reflexivos 12. Tú Commands 13. DOP Placement 14. Preterite
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Qué Cuál
“What” “Which”
Used when asking for definitions Formal
Most often used before nouns Used before nouns
Informal Used before ser when not asking a definition
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No No
O Or
Pero But
También Also
y And
Ni Neither
E And
Que What
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Yo Soy Nosotros Somos
Tū Eres Vosotros Sois
Ēl/Ella/Usted-es Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes- Son-Means to be
Descriptions Un Libro
Origin Mexico
Characteristics Gordo
Time Es La Una
Occupation Doctor
Relationships Es Hermana
Possession La Camiseta
Events La Fiesta
Dates Miercoles
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Means “To Like”
Me Nos
Te Os
Le Les
Indirect Pronouns
Gustar Conjugation
Gusto Gustamos
Gustas Gustáis
Gusta Gustan
-Gustar conjugation describes what is being liked-EX- Me gustas tū.(Gustas modifies tū, instead of Me)
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Health
Bien
Mal
Emotions
Enojada
Triste
Locations
La Oficina
La Casa
Present Condition
Abierto
Cerrado
ING
To be JumpING
AR-Ando
IR-Iendo
Er-Iendo
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-ar -er -ir
Yo -aba -ía -ía
Tú -abas -ías -ías
Él/ella/usted -aba -ía -ía
Nosotros -ábamaos -íamos -íamos
Vosotros -abais -íais -íais
Ellos/ellas/ustedes -aban -ían -ían
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Triggers Meaning
Todos Los Dīas Every day
A menudo Often
A Veces Sometimes
Siempre Always
Cada Dīa Everyday
Los Lunes Mondays
Generalmente Generally
Mientras While
De Vez En Cuando Occasionally
Muchas Veces Often
Frecuentemente Frequently
- Trigger words signal the use of an imperfect verb
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Means to have just done something
Acabar de Infinitive
Never conjugate infinitive, only acabar
Acabo Acabamos
Acabas acabáis,
Acaba Acaban
Nosotros acabamos de leer el libro.We just read the book.
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Hacer + Time + Que + Conjugated Verb
Used to tell how much time you have done something
EX:
Hace un año que estudio español.I have been studying Spanish for one year.
Hace dos años que ellas estudian inglés.They have been studying English for two years.
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Verbo Meaning
Gustar To Like
Disgustar To Dislike
Faltar To Fail
Molestar To Disturb
Doler To Hurt
Encantar To Love
Importar To Matter
-Verb is conjugated to modify the object of the sentence, not the subjectEX: Me gustan los libros.
Gustar in the 3rd plural is conjugated for los libros, 3rd Plural
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Verb that reverts back to the subject with the action
Me Nos
Te Os
Se Se
- Yo me visto.- I dress MYSELF. Tu te lavas.
-you dress yourself.
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Tu Affiramtive Tu Negative
Make ver into Tú form then drop the “s” and add the DOP to the word-Comer->Comes->Come->¡Comelo!Eat It!
Put verb into first person, then switch vowels, then add an “s”-the DOP has to be before the conjugated verb.Comer->Como->Coma->Comas¡No Lo Comas!Do not eat it!
Ar->e ER/IR->a
Irregulares
DiHazVePonSalSèTenVen
No DigasNo HagasNo VenyasNo PongasNo SalgasNo SeasNo TengasNo Vengas
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Me Nos
Te Os
Lo/La Los/Las
-When you change syllabification put „ on third to last syllable
1.Infinitive-Comerlo2.Affiramtive Command- Cómelo3.Present Proggresive- Está
Comiendolo
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Preterite tense is a tense that shows past actions that have been completed before the present time.
Endings:AR ER/IR
é í
aste iste
ó ió
amos imos
asteis isteis
aron ieron