Grammar BasicsMary Anne Ellis

Eight Parts of Speech• Noun• Pronoun• Verb• Adverb• Adjective• Preposition• Conjunction• Interjection

The Sentence• At their core, all complete sentences have a two-part

structure.• Subject & Predicate

The subject is a noun or a noun-substitute.• It tells who or what is doing something.

• The predicate contains a verb.• It tells what the subject is doing.

• Subject Predicate

• The doctor treats. • The teacher teaches.• The student writes.

The parts of Speech - NounPerson, Place, Thing, Thought, Idea

Common Nouns Proper Nounsdoctor Dr. Smithcity Tampafaith Catholic

Noun

Nouns can be the subject of the sentence, object of the preposition, and an appositive phrase. The doctor, a cardiac physician, treats the patient in the exam room.

Pronoun• The pronoun is the word used in place of a noun. • Personal pronoun• I, me, mine, you, your, she, her, it, we, us, • Our, ours, they, them, yourself

• Interrogative Pronoun• Who, whom, what, which, whose

Pronoun• Indefinite pronoun• Anybody, each, someone, none, one

• Demonstrative pronoun• This, that, these, those

• The doctor, a cardiac physician, treats the patient in the exam room. He listens for a regular heartbeat.

VERB

The word that expresses action or otherwise helps to make a statement.

• Action• The surgeon creates an incision.• The technician hands the instruments to the doctor.

• Linking• The surgeon is a competent doctor. • The technician was helpful.

ADVERB• Modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.• Answers the questions how, when, where• He worked quickly. (how) • She left yesterday. (when)• We went there. (where)

ADJECTIVE• Modifies or describes the noun or pronoun

• Answers the questions which, what kind, how many• You need your insurance card. (Which)• Does the patient need a holter EKG or a stress EKG? (what kind)• The doctor will be five minutes. (how many)

PREPOSITION• A preposition introduces a noun or pronoun or a phrase or

clause functioning in the sentence as a noun. The word or word group that the preposition introduces is its object.

• The doctor, a cardiac physician, treats the patient with a fever in the exam room.

CONJUNCTION• Coordination and subordination are two basic ways of linking

clauses.• (and, but, or, yet, so, for, and nor) • Coordination: These trees lose their leaves every winter, but

they don’t die.• Note that we have linked independent clauses, each of which could

stand on its own as a sentence.

• Subordination: Although these trees lose their leaves every winter, they don’t die.

• (after, although, as, as long as, because, since, until, when, while and where)

• Here, the first clause is subordinate to the second.• The first clause cannot stand on its own as a sentence, it is

dependent upon the second clause.

INTERJECTIONS• An exclamatory word that expresses emotion.

• Wow! I am so excited about my adventures at USF!

And lastly…• Articles• A, an, the

• Can you identify the 8 parts… • Whew! In the hospital, the family anxiously waited and

nervously paced the worn floor while he read the results.

• Wow! ______________ is a great student and quickly on __________ way to a successful career.

• Name the eight parts of speech.

• Challenge: Write your own sentence using all eight parts of speech.