parts of speech there are eight parts of speech: nounadverb pronoun preposition verb interjection...
TRANSCRIPT
Parts of SpeechThere are eight parts of speech:
noun adverbpronoun prepositionverb interjectionadjective conjunction
Parts of Speech•Noun – names a person, place, thing, or ideaboy, dog, Louisiana, pencil, love, peace
•Subject – the key noun or nouns that tells what the sentence is aboutThe crazy boy screamed loudly.
Parts of Speech•Verb – a word that expresses action or a state of beingknow, walk, see, be, are
•Predicate – verb or verbs that express the essential thought about the subject of the sentence.The crazy boy screamed loudly.
DiagrammingStart by drawing a horizontal and vertical line:
Simple subject Simple predicate
DiagrammingThe boy walked.
A mean dog barked loudly.
boy walked
dog barked
Diagramming
Imperative Sentences – sentence that gives a command; the subject is understood “you”
Clean your room now!
(you) clean
Diagramming
Questions – turn the sentence around to make it a declarative sentence.
Are you going to the party?
You are going to the party.
you are going
Diagramming
Diagram the following sentences:
1. A loud bird chirped.
2. The family traveled to Florida.
3. Answer the phone.
4. A horse galloped quickly.
5. Did you see that movie yet?
Parts of Speech•Adjective – modifies, or describes, a noun or pronoun by providing more information or giving a specific detail. It tells what kind, how many, which one.funny, red, five, this, lazy
•Article – the adjectives a, an, the.
DiagrammingPlace adjectives, including articles, on a slanted line beneath the word they modify.
Simple subject Simple predicate
Adjective
DiagrammingThe boy walked.
A mean dog barked.
boy walked
dog barked
The
A
mean
Diagramming
Diagram the following sentences:
1. A loud bird chirped.
2. The big family traveled.
3. Crazy boys ran.
4. A large horse galloped.
5. The happy friends laughed.
Parts of Speech•Adverb – modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. They tell how, where, when, or to what extent. They often end in –ly.•slowly, quickly, joyfully•yesterday, today, tomorrow, never•very, incredibly, quite•here, there
DiagrammingAn adverb that modifies a verb:
subject verbadverb
DiagrammingThe boy walked slowly.
boy walkedslowly
The
DiagrammingAn adverb that modifies an adjective:
subject verb
adverb
adjective
DiagrammingA very wild horse galloped quickly.
horse galloped
A wildvery
quickly
DiagrammingAn adverb that modifies an adverb:
subject verbadverbadverb
DiagrammingThe boy walked very slowly.
boy walkedslowly
The very
Diagramming
Diagram the following sentences:
1. A very loud bird chirped nicely .
2. The quite big family traveled.
3. The very crazy boys ran quickly.
4. Today, a large horse galloped.
5. The happy friends laughed very loudly.
Pronouns
pronoun – word that takes the place of one or more nouns and the words that describe those nouns.
Pronounssubject pronoun – takes the place
of the subject of a sentence
Singular
I
you
he, she, it
Plural
we
you
they
Pronounssubject pronoun – takes the place of the subject of a sentence
Diagram the same as a subject:She ate quickly.
she ate
quickly
Possessive Pronouns
possessive pronouns – shows who or what has something
Singular – my, your, his, her, its
Plural – our, your, their
Possessive PronounsDiagrammed the same as
adjectives
My sister arrived today.
sister
My
arrived
today
Parts of Speech•Transitive verb – verb that is followed by a noun that answers the question what? or who?
•Intransitive verb - verb that is not followed by a noun that answers the question what? or who?
Parts of Speech•He ate the cake. ate what? – cakeTransitive•The boys played yesterday.played what? – no answerIntransitive•Mary hugged her friend.hugged who? – friendTransitive
Parts of SpeechWrite each verb and T or I.1. The boys played baseball.2. We studied a lot yesterday.3. The bird sang a song.4. Today, Mary hugged Jane.5. The nice teacher spoke quietly.
Parts of Speech•Direct object – noun that answers the question who? or what? after transitive verb.
Bob ate a pizza.The dog stole the bone.The pilot landed the plane.Brady hit the girl.
DiagrammingDiagramming a direct object:
subject transitive verb direct object
DiagrammingBobby ate pizza.
Bobby ate pizza
DiagrammingThe young girl ate a very large pizza today.
girl ate pizzayoung
Thelarge
today very
a
Types of SentencesThere are four types of sentences:•Declarative – makes a statement.The boys walked slowly.•Interrogative – asks a questionAre you going to the party?•Imperative – gives a command or makes a requestClean your room this afternoon.•Exclamatory – expresses strong emotionThat dinner was excellent!
Diagramming Imperative Sentences
In an imperative sentence, the subject is always understood you. The you is placed in parentheses.
Clean the room.
(you) Clean roomthe
Diagramming SentencesDiagram the following sentences.1. Yesterday, the young girls wrote
a quite funny song.2. Do this math homework
immediately.3. The new principal gave a very
long speech.4. The quite old lady spoke softly.5. Bake a delicious chocolate cake
today.
Indirect Object
Indirect object – answers to whom? or for whom? the verb’s action is done•only in sentences with a direct object•always comes before the direct object
Indirect Object
Shana gave her brother a gift.gave what? gift – DOto whom? brother – IO
The man gave Mary a rose.gave what? rose– DOto whom? Mary – IO
Indirect Object
Diagramming an indirect object:
subject predicate direct object
indirect object
Indirect Object
Diagramming an indirect object:
The teacher gave the students a test.
teacher gave test
students
the
the
Indirect Object1. The boy gave the hungry dog a
bone. 2. The woman baked the family a
chocolate cake.3. The father gave the boy a long
lecture. 4. A friend gave the girl a hug.
Prepositions• Preposition - word that
relates a noun or a pronoun to another word in a sentence.
Common Prepositionsabout
above
across
after
against
along
among
around
at
before
behind
below
beneath
beside
between
beyond
by
down
during
for
from
in
inside
into
Common Prepositionslike
near
of
off
on
onto
out
outside
over
since
through
throughout
to
toward
under
until
up
upon
with
within
without
Prepositional Phrase• prepositional phrase -
group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun called the object of the preposition.
Prepositional PhraseThe shoe was under the bed.
We walked through the woods.
The car sped around the corner.
The book is on the table.
Diagramming Prepositional Phrases
•Connects to the noun or verb that it modifies.
•Preposition goes on a slanted line
•Object of the preposition goes on the horizontal line
preposition object of the preposition
subject predicate
Diagramming Prepositional Phrases
The man across the street screamed at the boys.
man screamed
Theacross street
the
atboys
the
Diagramming Prepositional Phrases
Diagram the following sentences:
1.The big boys in the crowded hall ran very quickly.
2.After the crazy party, the tired kids slept soundly.
3.The young man in the red car sped down the quiet road.
Pronounsobject pronoun – takes the place of
an object in a sentence
Singular
me
you
him, her, it
Plural
us
you
them
PronounsDiagrammed the same as
subjects and other objects
He screamed at her.
He screamed
ather