grammar and punctuation classic fiction unit © original plan copyright hamilton trust, who give...
TRANSCRIPT
Grammar and Punctuation
Classic Fiction Unit
© Original plan copyright Hamilton Trust, who give permission for it to be adapted as wished by individual users Y5/6 Aut F Plan 1A
Direct Speech
Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1
Part 1
© Original plan copyright Hamilton Trust, who give permission for it to be adapted as wished by individual users Y5/6 Aut F Plan 1A
Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1
Direct Speech
What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless
and with most evil eyes.
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera.
Speech marks 'hug' the spoken
words
Direct Speech
What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless
and with most evil eyes.
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera.
Speech marks 'hug' the spoken
words
Direct Speech
What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being
footless-and with most evil eyes.
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera.
Speech marks 'hug' the spoken
words
Direct Speech
What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being
footless-and with most evil eyes.
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera.
Speech marks 'hug' the spoken
words
Each new speaker starts on
a new line
Direct SpeechEach new
speaker starts on a new line
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera. "He is very old and very cunning. Above all, he is always hungry," said Baloo hopefully. "Promise him many goats.“ "He sleeps for a full month after he has once eaten. He may be asleep now, and even were he awake, what if he would rather kill his own goats?" Bagheera, who did not know much about Kaa, was naturally suspicious. "Then in that case, thou and I together, old hunter, might make him see reason." Here Baloo rubbed his faded brown shoulder against the Panther, and they went off to look for Kaa the Rock Python.
It’s hard to see who is speaking when the
dialogue is squashed together.
Direct SpeechEach new
speaker starts on a new line
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera. "He is very old and very cunning. Above all, he is always hungry," said Baloo hopefully. "Promise him many goats.“ "He sleeps for a full month after he has once eaten. He may be asleep now, and even were he awake, what if he would rather kill his own goats?" Bagheera, who did not know much about Kaa, was naturally suspicious. "Then in that case, thou and I together, old hunter, might make him see reason." Here Baloo rubbed his faded brown shoulder against the Panther, and they went off to look for Kaa the Rock Python.
Direct SpeechEach new
speaker starts on a new line
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera. "He is very old and very cunning. Above all, he is always hungry," said Baloo hopefully. "Promise him many goats.“ "He sleeps for a full month after he has once eaten. He may be asleep now, and even were he awake, what if he would rather kill his own goats?" Bagheera, who did not know much about Kaa, was naturally suspicious. "Then in that case, thou and I together, old hunter, might make him see reason." Here Baloo rubbed his faded brown shoulder against the Panther, and they went off to look for Kaa the Rock Python.
Direct SpeechEach new
speaker starts on a new line
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera. "He is very old and very cunning. Above all, he is always hungry," said Baloo hopefully. "Promise him many goats.“ "He sleeps for a full month after he has once eaten. He may be asleep now, and even were he awake, what if he would rather kill his own goats?" Bagheera, who did not know much about Kaa, was naturally suspicious. "Then in that case, thou and I together, old hunter, might make him see reason." Here Baloo rubbed his faded brown shoulder against the Panther, and they went off to look for Kaa the Rock Python.
Direct SpeechEach new
speaker starts on a new line
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera. "He is very old and very cunning. Above all, he is always hungry," said Baloo hopefully. "Promise him many goats.“ "He sleeps for a full month after he has once eaten. He may be asleep now, and even were he awake, what if he would rather kill his own goats?" Bagheera, who did not know much about Kaa, was naturally suspicious. "Then in that case, thou and I together, old hunter, might make him see reason." Here Baloo rubbed his faded brown shoulder against the Panther, and they went off to look for Kaa the Rock Python.
Direct SpeechEach new
speaker starts on a new line
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera. "He is very old and very cunning. Above all, he is always hungry," said Baloo hopefully. "Promise him many goats.“ "He sleeps for a full month after he has once eaten. He may be asleep now, and even were he awake, what if he would rather kill his own goats?" Bagheera, who did not know much about Kaa, was naturally suspicious. "Then in that case, thou and I together, old hunter, might make him see reason." Here Baloo rubbed his faded brown shoulder against the Panther, and they went off to look for Kaa the Rock Python.
Direct SpeechEach new
speaker starts on a new line
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera. "He is very old and very cunning. Above all, he is always hungry," said Baloo hopefully. "Promise him many goats.“ "He sleeps for a full month after he has once eaten. He may be asleep now, and even were he awake, what if he would rather kill his own goats?" Bagheera, who did not know much about Kaa, was naturally suspicious. "Then in that case, thou and I together, old hunter, might make him see reason." Here Baloo rubbed his faded brown shoulder against the Panther, and they went off to look for Kaa the Rock Python.
Direct SpeechEach new
speaker starts on a new line
"What will he do for us? He is not of our tribe, being footless and with most evil eyes," said Bagheera. "He is very old and very cunning. Above all, he is always hungry," said Baloo hopefully. "Promise him many goats.“ "He sleeps for a full month after he has once eaten. He may be asleep now, and even were he awake, what if he would rather kill his own goats?" Bagheera, who did not know much about Kaa, was naturally suspicious. "Then in that case, thou and I together, old hunter, might make him see reason." Here Baloo rubbed his faded brown shoulder against the Panther, and they went off to look for Kaa the Rock Python.
Much clearer.
Direct SpeechA comma usually separates the direct speech
from the reporting clause
"He has not eaten," said Baloo, with a grunt of relief.
Direct SpeechA comma usually separates the direct speech
from the reporting clause
"He has not eaten," said Baloo, with a grunt of relief.
Direct SpeechA comma usually separates the direct speech
from the reporting clause
"He has not eaten," said Baloo, with a grunt of relief.
Direct SpeechA comma usually separates the direct speech
from the reporting clause
"He has not eaten," said Baloo, with a grunt of relief.
"We are hunting," said Baloo carelessly.
Direct SpeechA comma usually separates the direct speech
from the reporting clause
"He has not eaten," said Baloo, with a grunt of relief.
"We are hunting," said Baloo carelessly.
Direct SpeechA comma usually separates the direct speech
from the reporting clause
"He has not eaten," said Baloo, with a grunt of relief.
"We are hunting," said Baloo carelessly.
"Give me permission to come with you," said Kaa.
Direct SpeechA comma usually separates the direct speech
from the reporting clause
"He has not eaten," said Baloo, with a grunt of relief.
"We are hunting," said Baloo carelessly.
"Give me permission to come with you," said Kaa.
Direct SpeechA comma usually separates the direct speech
from the reporting clause
"Good hunting!" cried Baloo, sitting up on his haunches.
"Oho, Baloo, what dost thou do here? “ said Kaa.
Unless the speech ends in
! or ?
Direct SpeechDirect speech begins with a capital letter, unless the sentence is interrupted by a reporting clause.
“I am,” said Kaa with a little pride, “a fair length - a fair length.”
“I came very near to falling on my last hunt,” said Kaa, “ and the noise of my slipping waked the Bandar-log, and they called me most evil names."
Direct SpeechDirect speech begins with a capital letter, unless the sentence is interrupted by a reporting clause.
“I am,” said Kaa with a little pride, “a fair length - a fair length.”
“I came very near to falling on my last hunt,” said Kaa, “ and the noise of my slipping waked the Bandar-log, and they called me most evil names."
Direct SpeechDirect speech begins with a capital letter, unless the sentence is interrupted by a reporting clause.
“I am,” said Kaa with a little pride, “a fair length - a fair length.”
“I came very near to falling on my last hunt,” said Kaa, “ and the noise of my slipping waked the Bandar-log, and they called me most evil names."
Direct SpeechSummary of Rules
Speech marks 'hug' the spoken
words
Each new speaker starts on
a new line
A comma usually separates the direct speech
from the reporting clause
Unless the speech ends in
! or ?
Direct speech begins with a capital letter, unless the sentence is interrupted by a reporting clause.
Your Turn!
Written & Spoken language
Week 1 Thursday Grammar 2
Part 2
© Original plan copyright Hamilton Trust, who give permission for it to be adapted as wished by individual users Y5/6 Aut F Plan 1A
Week 1 Thursday Grammar 2
Written & Spoken Language
"Don't be frightened, Teddy," said his father. "That's his way of making friends."
"Ouch! He's tickling under my chin," said Teddy.
Written & Spoken Language
"Don't be frightened, Teddy," said his father. "That's his way of making friends."
"Ouch! He's tickling under my chin," said Teddy.
What do you notice about these words?
Written & Spoken Language
"Don't be frightened, Teddy," said his father. "That's his way of making friends."
"Ouch! He's tickling under my chin," said Teddy.
Why use contractions in dialogue?
Written & Spoken Language
"Do not be frightened, Teddy," said his father. "That is his way of making friends."
"Ouch! He is tickling under my chin," said Teddy.
Try reading this aloud. What do you notice now?
Written & Spoken Language
"Do not be frightened, Teddy," said his father. "That is his way of making friends."
"Ouch! He is tickling under my chin," said Teddy.
An exclamation
Written & Spoken Language
"Do not be frightened, Teddy," said his father. "That is his way of making friends."
"Ouch! He is tickling under my chin," said Teddy.
An exclamation
We often use these in our speech to express strong
emotion: surprise, pain, anger, delight.
Written & Spoken Language
"Do not be frightened, Teddy," said his father. "That is his way of making friends."
"Ouch! He is tickling under my chin," said Teddy.
This might replace the more standard English sentence.
Written & Spoken Language
"Do not be frightened, Teddy," said his father. "That is his way of making friends."
“I am rather surprised and experiencing some pain at this moment. He is tickling under my chin," said Teddy.
This might replace the more standard English sentence.
Written & Spoken Language"My cousin Chua, the rat, told me ; " said Chuchundra, and then
he stopped."Told you what?""H'sh! Nag is everywhere, Rikki-tikki. You should have talked to
Chua in the garden.""I didn't ; so you must tell me. Quick, Chuchundra, or I'll bite
you!"
Real speech is usually more informal than written
language.
Written & Spoken Language"My cousin Chua, the rat, told me ; " said Chuchundra, and then
he stopped."Told you what?""H'sh! Nag is everywhere, Rikki-tikki. You should have talked to
Chua in the garden.""I didn't ; so you must tell me. Quick, Chuchundra, or I'll bite
you!"
Sentences are sometimes left...
Written & Spoken Language"My cousin Chua, the rat, told me ; " said Chuchundra, and then
he stopped."Told you what?""H'sh! Nag is everywhere, Rikki-tikki. You should have talked to
Chua in the garden.""I didn't ; so you must tell me. Quick, Chuchundra, or I'll bite
you!"
Sentences are sometimes left unfinished.
Written & Spoken Language"My cousin Chua, the rat, told me ; " said Chuchundra, and then
he stopped."Told you what?""H'sh! Nag is everywhere, Rikki-tikki. You should have talked to
Chua in the garden.""I didn't ; so you must tell me. Quick, Chuchundra, or I'll bite
you!"
Sentences are often quite short.
Written & Spoken Language"My cousin Chua, the rat, told me � " said Chuchundra, and then
he stopped."Told you what?""H'sh! Nag is everywhere, Rikki-tikki. You should have talked to
Chua in the garden.""I didn't � so you must tell me. Quick, Chuchundra, or I'll bite
you!"
Less formal punctuation might be used, such as dashes.
Written & Spoken Language
• Contractions for smooth sounding rhythm• Exclamations• Often shorter sentences• Informal language and sentence structure• Informal punctuation
All these are designed to make dialogue in story writing sound
real (authentic).
Written & Spoken Language
Rewrite this stilted dialogue, correctly punctuated. Try
opening with an exclamation.
I am suddenly feeling regret as I have forgotten to bring
my homework.
Mike
Written & Spoken Language
Rewrite this dialogue. Show the strain of pulling by having Mike
not finish his sentence.
I am feeling rather cross at this moment. Why will you not accompany me into the
veterinary practice? We cannot be late again as we will miss our appointment.
Mike
Dog
Written & Spoken Language
Rewrite this dialogue. Show the urgency of the situation by using very short sentences.
Would you be kind enough to assist me? I feel that I am
about to fall.
Mike
Amy
Your Turn!
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Week 2 Tuesday Grammar 3
Part 3
© Original plan copyright Hamilton Trust, who give permission for it to be adapted as wished by individual users Y5/6 Aut F Plan 1A
Week 2 Tuesday Grammar 3
Conjunctions
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Simple Sentences
Have a subject and a verb
(A single independent clause)
Make sense on their own.
The whale ate all of the fish.
The ‘Stute fish hid.
The mariner sat on the raft.
What is the subject and verb in each of these simple sentences?
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Compound Sentences
2 or more independent clauses
Joined using co-ordinating conjunctions
coordinating conjunctions:
and but or
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Compound Sentences
2 or more independent clauses
Joined using co-ordinating conjunctions
coordinating conjunctions:
and but or
Joins similar things
Links a contrast or surprise
Shows a choice
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
coordinating conjunctions:
and but or
Which coordinating conjunctions will join the clauses best?
The whale opened his mouth he swallowed the mariner
The mariner was inside the whale he didn’t panic
This story might be true it might be fiction
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
coordinating conjunctions:
and but or
The whale opened his mouth and he swallowed the mariner
The mariner was inside the Whale but he didn’t panic
This story might be true or it might be fiction
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Compound Sentences
Which coordinating conjunctions can you remember?
Can you use one to join 2 simple sentences together?
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences
Contain a main clause and a subordinate clause
Give extra information
main clause subordinate clause
Show how ideas relate to each other
The mariner sat on the raft trailing his toes in the water. The mariner sat on the raft feeling despondent. Feeling despondent, the mariner sat on the raft.
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences
main clause subordinate clause
Makes sense on its own
Does not make sense on its own
Often begins with a subordinating conjunction
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences
main clause subordinate clause
Makes sense on its own
Does not make sense on its own
Often begins with a subordinating conjunction
The animals were angry.
A djinn appeared.
The camel could work for three days.
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences
main clause subordinate clause
Makes sense on its own
Does not make sense on its own
Often begins with a subordinating conjunction
The animals were angry because the camel was not working.
A djinn appeared.
The camel could work for three days.
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences
main clause subordinate clause
Makes sense on its own
Does not make sense on its own
Often begins with a subordinating conjunction
The animals were angry because the camel was not working.
A djinn appeared while they were complaining.
The camel could work for three days.
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences
main clause subordinate clause
Makes sense on its own
Does not make sense on its own
Often begins with a subordinating conjunction
The animals were angry because the camel was not working.
A djinn appeared while they were complaining.
The camel could work for three days since he had his hump.
Can often move around
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences
subordinate clause, main clause The animals were angry because the camel was not working.
While they were complaining, a djinn appeared.
The camel could work for three days since he had his hump.
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences
subordinate clause, main clause The animals were angry because the camel was not working.
While they were complaining, a djinn appeared.
Since he had his hump, the camel could work for three days.
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Complex Sentences
Common Subordinating Conjunctions
afteralthoughasas ifas long asas thoughbecausebeforeeven ifeven though
ifif onlyin order thatnow thatoncerather thansinceso thatthanthat
thoughtillunlessuntilwhenwheneverwherewhereaswhereverwhile
Do you use a range of
conjunctions?
Your Turn!
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Week 2 Wednesday Grammar 4
Part 4
© Original plan copyright Hamilton Trust, who give permission for it to be adapted as wished by individual users Y5/6 Aut F Plan 1A
Week 2 Tuesday Grammar 3
Relative Clauses
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Relative clauses
Tell you more about a noun
A type of subordinate clause =
The rhinoceros rude and selfish
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Relative clauses
Tell you more about a noun Begin with a pronoun who, which, that, whose, where
A type of subordinate clause
The rhinoceros rude and selfish
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Relative clauses
Tell you more about a noun Begin with a pronoun who, which, that, whose, where
Embedded using commas to separate clauses
A type of subordinate clause
The rhinoceros, who was rude and selfish,stamped.
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Relative clauses
The mariner sat on the raft.
Tell me more about the mariner
The mariner, who was a man of infinite-resource-and-sagacity, sat on the raft.
The mariner, who was more lost than he had ever been, sat on the raft.
The mariner, who was wishing his mummy was there, sat on the raft.
Give more information
about a noun
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Relative clauses
The mariner sat on the raft.
The mariner, who was a man of infinite-resource-and-sagacity, sat on the raft.
The mariner, who was more lost than he had ever been, sat on the raft.
The mariner, who was wishing his mummy was there, sat on the raft.
Relative pronoun introduces clause
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Relative clauses
The mariner sat on the raft.
Tell me more about the raft
The mariner sat on the raft, which was old and rickety.
The mariner sat on the raft, that was surrounded by sharks.
The mariner sat on the raft, which he had crafted from jelly babies and jam.
Give more information
about a noun
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Relative clauses
The camel refused to help.
Try embedding a relative clause into this sentence starting with which, that or who?
Simple, Compound & Complex Sentences
Relative clauses
The camel refused to help.
The camel, who was lazy and selfish, refused to help.
The camel, who was tired and fed up, refused to help.
The camel, who was terrified of getting it wrong, refused to help.
Can give clues to character, motivation or plot
Your Turn!