g:\panitia\presentation earth as a sphere
DESCRIPTION
Earth As A SphereTRANSCRIPT
MATHEMATICS FORM 5
NORTH POLE
SOUTH POLE
EASTWEST
LONGITUDELATITUDE
MALAYSIA●
Great circle is any circle that passes through the north and the south poles or with the center as the centre of the earth.
GREAT CIRCLE
●O
N
S
One-half of a great circle joining the North and the South Poles is called a meridian.
SS
N
● OO
Longitude of a meridian is determined by the angle between its plane and the plane for Greenwich Meridian (east or west).
Greenwich Meridian 0 o
LONGITUDE
Example :
G is stated on the Greenwich Meridian .
L is 80o to the right of G.
So the longitude of L is 80o E.
K is 60o to the left of G.
So the longitude of K is 60o W.
K and M is a diameter of a circle centred C.
KCM = 180o .
So Longitude M is 120o E
N
EXERCISE 1: State the longitude of (a) dan (b)
(a) 100o E / 100o W
(b) 80o E/ 180o W
(a)
(b)
N
E
Where is our country, Malaysia stated ?
The Great Circle which the plane are perpendicular to the poles is known as the equator
Marked as 0o
North directionN
S
0o
South direction
•The circle with plane which are parallel to the equator plane is known as parallel of latitude
LATITUDE
Latitude
Get further information about latitude and longitude at the following address:
http://www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Slatlong.htm
Latitude Of a Point
Latitude is an angle at the centre of the earth that subtended by a meridian beginning from the equator to the parallel of latitude which is either to the North or to the South of the equator.
Latitude A is 50o N●A
Latitude B is 10o S ●B
NORTH
SOUTH
EQUATOR
N NN
N
S
SS S
Look at the angle made by equator plane and parallel latitude 60o N
The angle between the equator plane and the north plane is 90o
Example :
Based on the diagram, O is the centre of the earth
State the latitude of point
(a) W (b) X (c) Y
Solution:
(a) W is 72o to the north equator.
So the latitude for W is 72o N.
(b) X is 65o to the south equator
So the latitude for X is 65o S.
(c) Y is located at the same parallel latitude with W. Thus, latitude for Y is 72o U.
Exercise 2 : State the latitude of the following
point :
1. Latitude Q is 3. Latitude L is
Q
N
2. Latitude P is
68 o N 55 o N 68 o N 68 o S55o S 55o N
Location Of A Place
Location of a place at the surface of the earth can be determine by its latitude and longitude
For example, based on the above figure Paris is located at point P
Location of Paris is written as (48o 50’ N,20o 20’ E)
What is the location of Q ?
LONGITUDE = 100O E
LATITUDE = 5O N
MALAYSIA ( 5O N, 100O E )
E1 E 2
E1 E2