good governance and sustainable development: lessons for the south caucasus from south africa,...
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![Page 1: Good Governance and Sustainable Development: Lessons for the South Caucasus from South Africa, Turkey and Azerbaijan Dr. Farhad Mukhtarov Assistant Professor](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649da15503460f94a8df2a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Good Governance and Sustainable Development:
Lessons for the South Caucasus from South Africa, Turkey and
AzerbaijanDr. Farhad Mukhtarov
Assistant Professor of Environmental Sciences & Policy
ADA University, Baku, Azerbaijan
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PlayPumps as a solution?
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What is Good Governance?
“Politikos” (something to do
with citizens)
A set of rules and guidelines
Something that does not exist in all
languages
Something that is enforced by “police”
Something that anyone may have
Something that a government
does
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World Bank defines Good Governance as follows:
A predictable, open, and enlightened policy-making (that is, transparent processes); a bureaucracy imbued with a professional ethos; an executive arm of government accountable for its actions, and a strong civil society participating in public affairs, and all behaving under the rule of law (World Bank, 1994).
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What is Governance?
Hutema, Dave, online. www.watergovernance.eu
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Flood Insurance Provision in the EU
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Why “Good Governance” can be dangerous?
Good governance can be seen as a panacea;
“We know how to transfer resources, people and technology across cultural borders. But well-functioning public institutions require certain habits of mind, and operate in complex ways that resist being moved” (Fukuyama, 2005)
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Water User Associations (WUA)
“A water users’ association, or WUA, is a nongovernment, nonprofit organization initiated and managed by a group of farmers and other water users along one or more hydrological subsystems or watercourses. [...] By organizing themselves, they can put together the financial, material, technical, and human resources needed to manage, operate, and maintain an efficient irrigation and drainage system in their locality.“ (ADB, 2006)
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Case 1: South-eastern Turkey’s failure to have good governance
Harris, Leila (2002) Water and Conflict Geographies of the Southeastern Anatolia Project
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Irrigation infrastructure in GAP
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People who farm and use water
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Case 2: Azerbaijan’s failure to have decentralised irrigation management
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Case 2: Azerbaijan’s failure to have decentralised irrigation management
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On-farm canals in Quba, Azerbaijan
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Key points emerged from the case study
- Infrastructure and capacity-building
- Path-dependence and the Soviet legacy
- Collective action in a hierarchical society
And above all – the importance of context in introducing “good water governance” to countries…
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Performance and context
Turkey Azerbaijan
a) infrastructure
Poor drainage & irrigation, especially on-farm earth canals;
Poor irrigation infrastructure, especially on-farm earth canals;
b) socio-economic
Community clan organization of society & no prior farming knowledge;
Small sizes of farm plots & part-time involvement of farmers;
c) policy and governance
Lack of prior irrigation skills; Land ownership patters;
Lack of experience in collaborative governance mechanisms; poor extension services of the state;
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Why did PlayPumps become a success story?
• Collaborative Design where designers, users and intermediaries work together• Experimentation and learning (started with 900 and then adjusted). Worked from the context, not from the “text”.
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Thank You!
• Contact information: [email protected]
• Policy Blog: www.policytranslation.eu
• Upcoming paper on this subject
Mukhtarov, F., Fox, S., Wegerich, K. and Mukhamedova, N. (2015) Institutional design in the face of contextual relevance: water user associations in Turkey, Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan. Environmental Science and Policy. Forthcoming