Gold Pharm

Anti-infectives

•Primaquine

– Malaria profylaxis– Used for

extraerythrocytic forms Plasmodium vivax or P.

ovale

•Sulfonamides

–PABA structural analogs

– Inhibit Folic acid synthesis

•Tertacyclines, anuria & the exception

– Should not be used in anuric pt due to production of (-) Nitrogen balance &

increased BUN levels.– Doxycycline is the

exception

•Ceftriazone

– 3rd generation cephalosporin

– DOC for bacterial meningitis in kids (ie..

HiB)– One dose txt of gonorrhea

•Hepatic coma DOC

•Neomycin (aminoglycoside) - it supresses the normal flora = decreasing NH4 production = decreasing

free nitrogen levels in the bloodstream.

•Clavulanic acid

• Irreversible (-)r of lactamases, but ot of

transpeptidase = use w/ a lactamase sensitive

penicillin

•Piperacillin

–Txt Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Klebsiella– Broad spectrum

antibiotic

•Pyrantel Pamoate

–Txt of Hookworm disease

– Depolarizing NMJ (-)r

•Cefoxitin

–Txt intraabdominal infections (ie.. w/

Bacteroides fragilis)– Traditional txt has been

Clindamycin & Gentamycin

•Chloramphenicol

– Broad spectrum antibiotic– Bone marrow depression (common) -

Aplastic anemia (rare)– Gray baby syndrome (chloramphenicol

cannot be conjugated)– DOC Typhoid Fever (symptomatic

Salmonella infection)– DOC HiB meningitis in kids -

especially resistant strain to ampicillin

•Nifurtimox

–Txt trypanosomiasis

•Metronidazole

– Txt Leishmaniasis & Amebiasis

– Good for anaerobic bacteria = Bacteroides fragilis

– DOC Trichomoniasis– DOC Giardia lamblia

•Tetracycline

– Txt of Brucellosis & Cholera– Txt Rocky Mountain Spotted

Fever– Txt spirochete infections =

Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)

•TMP-SMX

•(-) dihydrofolate reductase activity

•Benzathine Penicillin G

–Long duration of action = given once every 3-4 weeks for

Txt of Syphilis

•Praziquantel

–Txt Schistosomiasis (trematode [fluke]

infections)

•Melarsoprol

–Txt Trypanosomiasis that has neurological

symptoms

•Stibogluconate

–Txt Leishmaniasis

•Fluconazole

•Txt fungal encephalitis

•Amphotericin B

•Polyene antifingal

•Griseofulvin MOA

– Accumulates in keratinized layers of the

skin = used in dermatomycoses

infections

•Mefloquine

–Anti malarial– Txt Chloroquine resistant strains = P.

falciparum

•Chloroquine

•Txt for Malaria when inside RB

•Nifurtimox

•DOC Chagas disease due to Trypanosoma

cruzi

•Erythromycin

–Used in pts allergic to penicillins

•Acyclovir

–Guanine analog– Txt Herpes

infections

•Imipenem

–Used w/ Cilastatin– Can cause seizures

•Cefoperazone side effects

–Bleeding due to vit K level alterations

– Contraindicated in pts w/ bleeding disorders

•Meropenem

–used w/ Cilastatin– Does not cause

seizures (cf w/ Imipenem)

•Nafcillin

•Only penicillin that does not need dose adjustment in renal

impairment

•Peripheral neuropathy

–Seen w/ use of:– Metronidazole -

Isoniazid - Vincristine - ddI - AZT - Allopurinol

•for gonorrhea

• “O.N.E.” – Fluoroquinolones used in a one

dose deal for gonorrhea:– O = Ofloxacin– N = Norfloxacin– E = Enoxacin

•Ribavirin

•Txt RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)