Download - Gold Pharm- Antiinfectives
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Gold Pharm
Anti-infectives
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•Primaquine
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– Malaria profylaxis– Used for
extraerythrocytic forms Plasmodium vivax or P.
ovale
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•Sulfonamides
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–PABA structural analogs
– Inhibit Folic acid synthesis
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•Tertacyclines, anuria & the exception
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– Should not be used in anuric pt due to production of (-) Nitrogen balance &
increased BUN levels.– Doxycycline is the
exception
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•Ceftriazone
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– 3rd generation cephalosporin
– DOC for bacterial meningitis in kids (ie..
HiB)– One dose txt of gonorrhea
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•Hepatic coma DOC
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•Neomycin (aminoglycoside) - it supresses the normal flora = decreasing NH4 production = decreasing
free nitrogen levels in the bloodstream.
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•Clavulanic acid
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• Irreversible (-)r of lactamases, but ot of
transpeptidase = use w/ a lactamase sensitive
penicillin
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•Piperacillin
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–Txt Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Klebsiella– Broad spectrum
antibiotic
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•Pyrantel Pamoate
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–Txt of Hookworm disease
– Depolarizing NMJ (-)r
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•Cefoxitin
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–Txt intraabdominal infections (ie.. w/
Bacteroides fragilis)– Traditional txt has been
Clindamycin & Gentamycin
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•Chloramphenicol
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– Broad spectrum antibiotic– Bone marrow depression (common) -
Aplastic anemia (rare)– Gray baby syndrome (chloramphenicol
cannot be conjugated)– DOC Typhoid Fever (symptomatic
Salmonella infection)– DOC HiB meningitis in kids -
especially resistant strain to ampicillin
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•Nifurtimox
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–Txt trypanosomiasis
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•Metronidazole
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– Txt Leishmaniasis & Amebiasis
– Good for anaerobic bacteria = Bacteroides fragilis
– DOC Trichomoniasis– DOC Giardia lamblia
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•Tetracycline
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– Txt of Brucellosis & Cholera– Txt Rocky Mountain Spotted
Fever– Txt spirochete infections =
Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
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•TMP-SMX
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•(-) dihydrofolate reductase activity
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•Benzathine Penicillin G
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–Long duration of action = given once every 3-4 weeks for
Txt of Syphilis
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•Praziquantel
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–Txt Schistosomiasis (trematode [fluke]
infections)
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•Melarsoprol
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–Txt Trypanosomiasis that has neurological
symptoms
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•Stibogluconate
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–Txt Leishmaniasis
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•Fluconazole
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•Txt fungal encephalitis
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•Amphotericin B
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•Polyene antifingal
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•Griseofulvin MOA
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– Accumulates in keratinized layers of the
skin = used in dermatomycoses
infections
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•Mefloquine
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–Anti malarial– Txt Chloroquine resistant strains = P.
falciparum
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•Chloroquine
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•Txt for Malaria when inside RB
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•Nifurtimox
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•DOC Chagas disease due to Trypanosoma
cruzi
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•Erythromycin
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–Used in pts allergic to penicillins
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•Acyclovir
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–Guanine analog– Txt Herpes
infections
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•Imipenem
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–Used w/ Cilastatin– Can cause seizures
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•Cefoperazone side effects
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–Bleeding due to vit K level alterations
– Contraindicated in pts w/ bleeding disorders
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•Meropenem
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–used w/ Cilastatin– Does not cause
seizures (cf w/ Imipenem)
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•Nafcillin
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•Only penicillin that does not need dose adjustment in renal
impairment
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•Peripheral neuropathy
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–Seen w/ use of:– Metronidazole -
Isoniazid - Vincristine - ddI - AZT - Allopurinol
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•for gonorrhea
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• “O.N.E.” – Fluoroquinolones used in a one
dose deal for gonorrhea:– O = Ofloxacin– N = Norfloxacin– E = Enoxacin
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•Ribavirin
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•Txt RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus)