gofc/gold-fire workshop on global geostationary fire monitoring applications slide: 1 overview of...

GOFC/GOLD-FIRE Workshop on Global Geostationary Fire Monitoring ApplicationsSlide: 1

OVERVIEW OF THE MSG SYSTEMOVERVIEW OF THE MSG SYSTEM

Y. Govaerts


OVERVIEW

• Mission overview

• Spacecraft

• Ground segment

• Data distribution


Current and future Satellite Programmes

Programme

MTP: Meteosat Transition Programme

MSG: Meteosat Second Generation

EPS: EUMETSAT Polar System

OSTM: Ocean Surface Topography Mission


EUMETSAT SATELLITE PROGRAMMESEUMETSAT SATELLITE PROGRAMMES

METEOSAT

MSG

• Meteosat-5

• Meteosat-6

• Meteosat-7

• MSG-1

• MSG-2• MSG-3

EPS

• Metop-1

• Metop-2

• Metop-3

96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

Over Indian Ocean since 7/98

Hot stand by at 10°E (since 10/02)

13

15

16

1714

NominaI operationestimated lifetime

Approved

Non nominal operation

Estimated fuel margin

Available for launch

IODC at 63°E

Planned

• MSG-4

JASON-2

Operational S/C at 0°(since 6/98)


MSG Primary Mission Objectives• Multi-spectral imaging of the atmosphere and the Earth surface with improved

radiometric (10bits), spectral (12 channels), spatial (3 km @SSP) and temporal (15 min) resolution as compared to the first generation Meteosat (SEVIRI)

• GERB imaging (Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget) (RAL)

• High-resolution imagery (1 km @SSP)

• Extraction of meteorological and geophysical fields from the satellite image data to support meteorological, climatological and environmental activities

• Collection and relay of data from Data Collection Platforms

• Dissemination of processed satellite image data and meteorological products to the user community in a timely manner to support nowcasting and very short range weather forecasting

• Archiving of mission data throughout the mission lifetime and implementation of dedicated user services for data search and retrieval, help desk and operational co-ordination


MSG System (from 2004)

Data CollectionPlatforms (DCP)

Raw & Processed Images and other data

Processed Images

and other data

Data CollectionSystem Reports

EUMETSAT Control & Processing CentreDarmstadt

High RateUser Station(HRUS)

Primary Ground Station ( PGS )

Low RateUser Station(LRUS)

Satellite Applications

Facilities ( SAF )

LRIT

HRIT

Standby MSG

OperationalMSG

E xternal S upport G round S Stations

Dat

a fr

om o

ther

m

eteo

rolo

gica

l sat

ellit

es

Back-up Ground Station ( BGS )

Satellite Control

Satellite Contro

l (Back-up)M

onito

ring


MSG Assembly Phase


SEVIRI DesignSpinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager

• Telescope and Scan Assembly– compact 3-mirror telescope

– scan mirror

• Focal Plane and Cooler– large passive cooler (95K)

– seasonal decontamination (winter)

• Detection Electronics– warm/cold pre-amplifier

– main detection unit

• Blackbody for Calibration


MSG Imaging Principle (SEVIRI)

-5.5 deg

+5.5 deg

0 deg

Time (min)

Earth Imaging:12 min 30 sec Retrace:

2 min 28 sec

Calibration:2 sec


SEVIRI Focal Plane Characteristics

HRV Detectors Disposition

IR & VNIR Detectors Disposition

4 x 1 Km pitch

4 x 2 Km pitch

2 Km SSP

2.67 Km SSP E-W Scan

3 Km SSP pitch

6 Km SSP pitch

HRV: 9 image lines per satellite revolution

all other channels: 3 image lines per satellite revolution

SEVIRI Image Size: 3712 x 3712 (HRV:11136 x 5568) Pixels


SEVIRI Rapid Scan Examples (5 minute scans)

Equatorial Eastern Africa


12 HRV1 km

(9 chains)1 VIS 0.6 4 warm channels

2 VIS 0.8 (ambient temperature)

3 NIR 1.6

4 IR 3.9

5 WV 6.2

6 WV 7.3 8 cold channels 3 km

7 IR 8.7 (passive cooling (3 chains)

8 IR 9.7 down to 85-95 K)

9 IR 10.8

10 IR 12.0

11 IR 13.4

MSG SEVIRI Channels

3.48 - 4.36, satur. 335K


SEVIRI Imagery Overview

1 2 3 12

4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11


• Image presentation in standard geostationary projection

• Radiometrically corrected (linearised, equalised, calibrated)

• Augmented by auxilliary and quality control information

• Accessible to users via near real time (HRIT/LRIT) dissemination service and UMARF archive (Header and Data Records)

Level 1.0 : Raw SEVIRI Measurements Level 1.5 : Processed Image Data


Geometric Correction (Rectification)

Raw image

Jitter corrected

image

Rectified image

Jitter correction

resampling

State vector n with 136 parameters

State vector n+1

FilteringObservablesextraction

Landmarksextraction

Black-body calibration data

radiometric correction


Satellite in sun synchronisation mode(true earth position derived from sun sensor

raw rectified

Satellite in Earth synchronisation mode(true earth position derived from earth sensor, e.g. during eclipse)


Radiometric Correction - Principle

Level 1.0 measured values (example: represents a constant radiance

Counts (10 bit)

Time

sensor degradation

gain change

Level 1.5 count - constant!

“count” : satellite measurement for a given pixel (10 bit)radiance = cal_slope * count - cal_offset


Radiometric Correction / Calibration (Thermal Channels)

• Rescaling of raw counts (to account for gain changes)

• Conversion to radiances (applying ground measurements)

• Equalisation of 3 sensors

• Application of blackbody information

• Scale to 10 bit integers

• Apply cal_slope and cal_offset scaling

cal_offset and cal_slope are initially only scaling parameters for the Level 1.5 data ==> ideally, these are also the calibration constants


The actual “validity” of cal_slope and cal_offset in terms of true calibration data is ensured by the MPEF product “Calibration Monitoring”:

• Vicarious calibration using targets of know radiative properties and radiation models

• Intersatellite calibration (e.g. with polar orbiters)

In case of large disagreement: the MPEF calibration coefficients will be inserted into the Level 1.5 image header

Radiometric Correction / Calibration(Thermal Channels)


Calibration (Solar Channels)SEVIRI Solar Channel Calibration (SSCC)

VIS0.6 VIS0.8

HRV

NIR1.6


Calibration (Solar Channels)SEVIRI Solar Channel Calibration (SSCC)

5-10 days of Data

TargetIdentification

PixelExtraction

RTMQC

Calibration

SEVIRI L1.5/2.0

ECMWF

SSCC Calibration Coefficients in Level 1.5 Header


SEVIRI Results

Desert

Sea


MSG GERB Instrument

GERB: Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget

• wavebands: 0.32 - 4.0 m, 0.32 - 30 m (shortwave and total)• longwave by subtraction• pixel size: 44.5 x 39.3 km at nadir (NS x EW)• co-registration: 3km wrt SEVIRI at nadir, within 15 min• Earth scans of NS strips, combination of satellite spin and a despun mirror

(6 minutes/image)


MSG GERB First Image

total shortwave


GERB Example


Data distribution

•Archived data access (U-MARF)

•Real-time data access (EUMETcast)


EUMETCast Overview

USERSDVB UPLINK

EUMETSAT

DVB BROADCAST


EUMETCast C-Band CoverageEUMETCast C-Band Coverage


EUMETCast - DVB Satellite Reception / Receiver Unit

DVB Standard Hardware

LNB Ku-band Satellite Dish 200 EUR

DVB PCI Card 100 EUR

DVB Multicast Software (tq ®TELLICAST client software)

60 EUR

PC, Hard disk, Ethernet 800 EUR

1.200 EUR

Decryption unit (EKU) 40 EUR


MPEF ProductsMeteorological Products Extraction Facility


EUMETSAT MPEF Products

MPEF: Meteorological Products Extraction Facility Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMV) Calibration Monitoring (CAL-MON) Clear Sky Radiance (CSR) Climate Data Set (CDS) Cloud Analysis (CLA) Cloud Top Height (CTH) Global Instability (GII) ISCCP Data Set (IDS) GPCP Precipitation Index (PI) Total Ozone (TOZ) Tropospheric Humidity (TH)


Meteorological Product Extraction

ProductGeneration

ProductQualityControl

ProductDistribution

ProductVerification

Image Data

Forecast Data

Meteorological Observations

Productsto GTS

MonitoringDisplays

Schedule

Productsvia Satellite

Productsto U-MARF

Parameters

PerformanceReports


MPEF Product Examples: AMV

(screenshot from MPEF Console)


MPEF Product Examples: SCE

02 September 2003, 07:30 UTCScenes analysis (cloud detection)

colours refer to clouds and different surfaces (from background information)


MPEF Product Examples: SCE/CLA

(screenshot from MPEF Console)

colours refer to clouds in three different heights and different

surfaces (from background information)


The Satellite Application Facilities The Satellite Application Facilities (SAF)(SAF)

In addition to the centralised Meteorological Product Extraction Facility in the EUMETSAT Headquarter in Darmstadt a Network of seven

Satellite Application Facilities

is under Development with the Objective to:

• Derive additional Products and Services• Meet EUMETSAT requirements

• Located at National Meteorological Services• User oriented network nodes


The approved SAF ProjectsThe approved SAF Projects

Seven SAF Projects were approved, related Cooperation Agreements established, and activities initiated.

NWC Support to Nowcasting & Very Short-Range Forecasting 1996OSI Ocean & Sea Ice 1997O3M Ozone Monitoring 1997NWP Numerical Weather Prediction 1998CLM Climate Monitoring 1998GRM GRAS Meteorology 1999LSA Land Surface Analysis 1999

Acronym Project CouncilApproval


Meteosat Third Generation


FDHSI Mission‘Core’

channelsCentral

wavelength(m)

Width(m)

MinimumSignal

MaximumSignal

ReferenceSignal

SNR/NEDT

FD-VIS 0.4 0.443 0.02 1% 120% 1% 10

FD-VIS 0.6 0.645 0.05 1% 120% 1% 10

FD-VIS 0.8 0.865 0.04 1% 120% 1% 10

FD-NIR 1.3 1.375 0.03 1% 100% 1% 10

FD-NIR 1.6 1.61 0.06 1% 100% 1% 10

FD-NIR 2.1 2.13 0.05 1% 100% 1% 10

FD-IR 3.8 3.8 0.60 165 K 350 K 300 K 0.1 K

FD-IR 6.7 6.7 0.40 165 K 270 K 250 K 0.3 K

FD-IR 7.3 7.35 0.30 165 K 285 K 250 K 0.3 K

FD-IR 8.5 8.55 0.30 165 K 330 K 300 K 0.1 K

FD-IR 9.7* 9.70 0.30 165 K 310 K 250 K 0.3 K

FD-IR 10.8 10.8 1.00 165 K 340 K 300 K 0.1 K

FD-IR 12.0 12.0 1.00 165 K 340 K 300 K 0.1 K

FD-IR 13.4+ 13.4 0.30 165 K 300 K 270 K 0.2 K

FD-IR 14.0+ 14.0 0.30 165 K 290 K 250 K 0.2 K

*Channel FD-IR 9.7 will be discarded if a companion IR-Sounding mission is selected.+Channels FD-IR 13.4/ FD-IR 14.0 will be discarded if option FD-OPT 2 is selected.

MSG heritage

New Channels

Under review

Options

Sampling dist.:1-3 km@SSP


EUMETSAT OVERALL GROUND INFRASTRUCTURE

Meteosat PGS

Fucino

MDDRoma

Lannion

MDDToulouse

Madrid

EUMETSAT HQ DarmstadtMCC + MPEF

BracknellMDD-FDRS

Helsinki

Lisboa

FDRS

Exchange of IJPSdata/cross-support with NOAA/USA

Copenhagen

Offenbach

UsingenMSG PGS

EPS CDA

Canary IslandMSG BRGS

PGS Primary Ground StationMDD Meteorological Data DistributionBRGS Back-up and Ranging StationFDRS Foreign Data Relay SupportCDA Command and Data AcquisitionMCC Mission Control CentreMPEF Meteorological Product Extraction Facility

Data exchange/cross supportwith partners (EPS)

EUMETSAT HQCentral Facilities

Acquisition and Control Station

Back-up or Support Station

Satellite Application Facility

Madrid (E): Support to Nowcasting and Very Short Term ForecastingLannion (F): Ocean and Sea IceHelsinki (FIN): Ozone MonitoringOffenbach (D): Climate MonitoringBracknell (UK): Numerical Weather PredictionCopenhagen (DK): GRAS MeteorologyLisboa (P): Land Surface Analysis

CheiaMeteosat BGS

EPS BUCC

Svalbard


MTP - MSG Comparison

METEOSAT First Generation (MTP)

• 3-Channel Radiometer

• 100 RPM Spin Stabilised

• 5 Years Station Keeping

• 200 Watt

• 720 kg in GTO Orbit

• 30 Minutes Image Interval

• Sampling Distance 5 km (2.5 km HRVIS)

• Radiometric Resolution 0.4 K

• Data Rate 333 kbps

METEOSAT Second Generation (MSG)

• 12-Channel Radiometer

• 100 RPM Spin Stabilised

• 7 Years Station Keeping

• 600 Watt

• 2000 kg in GTO Orbit

• 15 Minutes Image Interval

• Sampling Distance 3 km (1km HRVIS)

• Radiometric Resolution 0.25 K

• Data Rate 3200 kbps

• GERB Instrument

gofc/gold-fire workshop on global geostationary fire monitoring applications slide: 1 overview of...

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