gnss radio-occultation in the wmo integrated global ... · 9/28/2017 · wmo integrated global...

GNSSRadio-occultationintheWMOIntegratedGlobalObservingSystem (updated)

COSMIC- IROWG2017

ToshiyukiKURINOWMOSpaceProgrammeOffice

Contents

JointCOSMICTenthDataUsers'WorkshopandIROWG-6Meeting

- IntroductiontoWMOSpace Programme

- ImportanceofGNSS-ROfromWMO’s Perspective

- WMOPolicyFrameworkforPublic-PrivateSectorEngagement

- DevelopmentofaWMOPositiononCriticalSatelliteData

- WMO'sInvolvementinSpaceWeather

WMO/OMM

WMOintheUnitedNationsInternational

Courtof Justice

GeneralAssembly

Economic and Social Council

SecurityCouncil Secretariat Trusteeship

Council

l Main and othersessional committees

l Standing committees and ad-hoc bodies

l Other subsidiary organsand related bodies

u UNRWA

u IAEA

u INSTRAWu UNCHSu UNCTADu UNDCPu UNDPu UNEPu UNFPAu UNHCRu UNICEFu UNIFEMu UNITARu UNUu WFC

u UNTSOu UNMOGIPu UNFICYPu UNDOFu UNIFILu UNIKOMu UNAVEM IIu ONUSALu MINURSOu UNPROFORu UNOSOM IIu UNOMIGu UNOMILu UNMIHu UNAMIRu UNMOT

u WFPu ITC

l Military Staff Committel Standing committees

and ad-hoc bodies

l FUNCTIONAL COMMISIONS

l REGIONAL COMMISSIONS

l SESSIONAL AND STANDINGCOMMITTEES

l EXPERT, AD-HOC AND RELATED BODIES

n ILOn FAOn UNESCO(IOC)n WHO

World Bank Groupn IBRDn IDAn IFCn MIGA

n IMFn ICAOn UPUn ITUn WMO

World MeteorologicalOrganization (WMO)

n IMOn WIPOn IFADn UNIDOn WTO

u UN programmes and organs (representative list only)

n Specialized agencies and other autonomous organizations within the system

l Other commissions, committees and ad-hoc related bodies

WMOisaspecializedagencyoftheUnitedNations(UN)with191MemberStatesandTerritories.WMOisdedicatedtointernationalcooperationandcoordinationon“Weather,ClimateandWater”,namelythestateandbehavioroftheEarth’satmosphere,itsinteractionwiththelandandoceans,theweatherandclimateitproduces,andtheresultingdistributionofwaterresources.


WMOSpaceProgramme

•OSCAR/Requirements(ObservingRequirementsDatabase)•OSCAR/Space(Satellite&InstrumentDatabase)•SatelliteStatuslist•SatelliteUserReadinessNavigator(SATURN)•ProductAccessGuide(PAG)•VirtualLaboratoryforEducationandTraininginSatelliteMeteorology(VLAB)•WorkingDocumentsforMeetings

http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/sat/index_en.phpJointCOSMICTenthDataUsers'Workshop

andIROWG-6Meeting

- WMOSpace Programme’s objectivesaretobe achievedthrough strong partnership with CGMS.

- CGMSisatechnical coordinationbodyofsatelliteoperatorsincludingspaceagenciesfocusingprimarilyonweatherandclimatesatelliteprogrammes inresponsetoWMOrequirements.

- WMOandCGMSareco-sponsoringinternationalscienceworking groups:ITWG,IWWG,IPWG,IROWG andICWG

Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS)


(http://www.cgms-info.org/index_.php/cgms/members_observers)


Awareness & training

Dissemination & access

Quality-controlled products

Calibrateddata sets

Satellite Operators

WIS

Users

ValueChainforWMOSpaceProgramme


ImportanceofGNSS-ROfromWMO’s Perspective


• NWP:NRTTemperature/Humidityinformation– Bendinganglesorrefractivityprofiles– Verticallyresolved– Highimpactperobservation– Nosignificantinstrumentalbias

• Climate :ClimateDataRecords– BenchmarkobservationsthatcansupplementtheGCOSReferenceUpper-AirNetwork(GCOSImplementationPlan)asaconsequenceofitscalibrationfreenature

• SpaceWeather:TotalElectronContentforIonosphereMonitoring– Stringenttimelinessconstraint– Needtoscanupto> 100km


WMOWorkshopsontheImpactofVariousObservingSystemsonNWP

• 1st – Geneva, 1997 • 2nd – Toulouse, 2000 • 3rd – Alpbach, 2004• 4th – Geneva, 2008

• http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/OSY/Reports/NWP-4_Geneva2008_index.html• 5th – Sedona 2012

• http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/OSY/Reports/NWP-5_Sedona2012.html• 6th – Shanghai, May 10-13 2016

• http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/WIGOS-WIS/reports/6NWP_Shanghai2016/WMO6-Impact-workshop_Shanghai-May2016.html

Extremely important for WIGOS due to their role in the WMO Rolling Review of Requirements, WMO Impact Workshops bring together major NWP centers, research community and other stakeholders to discuss the contribution to forecast skill of various WIGOS/GOS elements; guidance to participants provided well in advance of Workshop

10 CGMS-45Jeju,June14-152017

Dailydatavolumes(assimilated)

AMSU-A:NOAA15-18-19,METOPA/B,AQUA;AIRS&IASIA/B:142channelseach,CrIS:103channels.

13M/day

HungerofNWPsystemsforobservationaldatacontinues;volumeofobservationsassimilatedintomodelskeepsincreasing;now≈107 observationsperday(slidefromEnvironmentCanada)

© Crown copyright Met Office

Impacton24hforecasterrorinForecast Sensitivity - ObservationImpact(FSOI)Diagnostics

Jan-Mar 2012 Apr-July 2013

Contributions to the total observation impact on a moist 24-hour forecast-error energy-norm, surface-150 hPa (Richard Marriott and James Cotton)

6.7%4.3%

8.6%

May 2014

2 hr temporal thinning of AMVs – 2-3x volume

+ low level Met-10+ GOES hourly

Increasing FSOI as more AMV data assimilated

MostimpactresultsreportedintheformofFSOIdiagnostics;contributionofindividualobservingsystemstothereductionof24-hforecasterror(slidefromMetOffice,UK)

Keypointsfrom thereportforGNSS

• “ThepositivedirectimpactofGNSS-ROdataonglobalNWPskillwasconfirmed,aswellastheindirectimpactofthesedatathroughtheircontributiontobiascorrectionofradiancedatafromothersatellitesensors.”

• “TheWorkshoptooknoteofthecurrentdevelopmentinthespacesectorregardingcommercialdataprovidersproposingtoputprivatelyfundedGNSS-ROconstellationsinspacewithanaimtoselltheseobservationstonationalgovernments,anditwasemphasizedthatunlessthedataareprocuredwithaclearaimtocontinuerespectingexistingprinciplesoninternationaldatasharing,thesedatawillnotbefullyutilized,”

13 AMSAnnualMeetinginSeattle,January2017

Keyrecommendation

• Recommendation5;(firstproposedbytheIROWGandsupportedbythisWorkshopinslightlymodifiedform);ThedeploymentofanoperationalconstellationofGNSS-ROsatellitescapableofprovidingatleast20,000highqualitysoundingsperday,atnear-uniformglobalcoverageandextendingwellintothelowertroposphereisstronglyrecommended.

• Recommendation10;Alldataprovidersareencouragedtocontinuetoshareallobservationsinternationally,especiallythoseobservationsthatareessentialfornumericalweatherprediction,e.g.allGNSS-ROsoundings.

14 AMSAnnualMeetinginSeattle,January2017

WMOPolicyFrameworkforPublic-PrivateSectorEngagement


Background• Respectiverolesofprivateversuspublicsectorsinmeteorologyare

undergoingveryrapidchange,dueto(amongotherfactors):– Increasingdemandsforweatherandclimateinformationandincreasing

privatesectorappreciationforthevalueofsuchinformation– Commoditizationofkeyobserving,telecommunicationsandcomputing

technologies– Limitedpublicfundsavailableformaintainingandimprovingbasiccapabilities

andservicedeliveryinmeteorology– Politicaldrivetowardcommercializationofgovernmentfunctions inmany

countries

• AsaresultthenationalweatherservicesinmanyWMOMembersareunderpressure,intermsofbudget,mandateandresponsibility,visibility,or– insomecases- evenregardingtheirveryexistence

16

RoleofWMO• MembersarelookingtoWMOforguidanceonPublic-

PrivateSectorEngagement(PPE)• Asanorganization,WMOisconcernedabout

– Preservingtheexistingframeworkofinternationalcollaborationinmeteorology,inparticularasconcernsthefreeandopenexchangeofdata(observationsandproducts)

– PotentialerosioninthemandatesandrolesoftheNMHSsofitsMembers

• DiscussionattherecentWMOExecutiveCouncilmeetingresultedin– DraftDecision12.2/1(EC-69)“Public-PrivateEngagement:A

RoadMaptotheEighteenthWorldMeteorologicalCongress”

17

WMOExecutiveCouncil69(May2017)(fromDraftDecision12.2/1)

{…}Recognizes thatgrowthofprivatesectorinvolvementinallfacetsofmeteorologicalandhydrologicalservicesaresubstantiallyexpanding,makingpublic-privateengagementanurgentandimportantissuethatwillimpactthefuturepoliciesandstrategiesofWMOanditsMembers;Notes thepotentialriskstoNMHSsintheevolvingrelationshipbetweenpublicandprivatesectors,aswellasthepotentialopportunitiestobettermeettheneedsofMembers;Acknowledges theimportantleadershiproleofWMO,throughitsConventionandthroughtheauthorityofitsTechnicalRegulationsinhelpingtobuildastrongandstrategicalliancebetweenallofthepartiescontributingtoasustainableglobalweatherenterpriseforthebenefitofsociety;{…}

18

EC-69(DraftDecision12.2/1,II)

{…}Agrees:(1) ThatthereissomeurgencytobetterequippingNMHSs,throughWMO,toengageactivelyandpositivelywithprivatesectororganizations,notleasttoensurethatessentialnationalmandates,includingtheimportanceofasingleauthoritativevoiceinrelationtosafetyoflifeandpropertyaresustained;(2) ThatinaccordancewiththeaimsandpurposesoftheConventionofWMO,apolicyframeworkonpublic-privateengagementwouldbebeneficialtotheOrganizationandshouldbeprepared forconsiderationandapprovalatthenextWorldMeteorologicalCongress(Cg-18);{…}

19

EC-69(DraftDecision12.2/1,III)

{…}Emphasizes thefundamentalimportanceoffreeandopendataandproductsexchange,supporttopublicgoodinfrastructure,includingtheglobalobservingnetworks,andthevalueofreinforcingtheregulatoryenvironmentaffordedbytheWMOConventionaspriorityareaswithinthepolicyframeworkthatrequireearlyattentiontoensuresecurity,sustainedperformanceandgrowthoftheglobalweatherenterprise,includingopportunitiesforpublic-privatedialogue,notinginparticulartheoverarchingstrategicpriorityofsafetyoflifeandproperty;{…}

20

EC-69(DraftDecision12.2/1,IV)

{…}Endorses theWorkPlanonPublic-PrivateEngagement(thereafterreferredtoas“PPEWorkPlan”)asprovidedinAnnex 2;{…}

21

EC-69(DraftDecision12.2/1,Annex2)

Annex2containsaroadmapforthetwoyearsleadinguptothe18th WorldMeteorologicalCongressin2019;whilerelativelylightondetail,itdoesreflecttheintentionofECtofurtherdevelopandsubmittoCG-18aPolicyFrameworkonPPE

22

Road map of our way forward:

23

Summary• Respectiverolesofprivateversuspublicsectorsin

meteorologychangingrapidly• WMOMembersareaskingWMOforguidanceonhowto

reacttothis– WMOisrespondingbydevelopingaPolicyFrameworkonPublic-PrivateSectorEngagement

– WMOcourseofactionconstrainedbythefactthatdifferentMembershaveverydifferentperspectivesonthis

– Preservingexistinginternationalagreementsondataexchangeislikelytobecomeacentralpartofdiscussion

24

DevelopmentofaWMOPositiononCriticalSatelliteData


WMOCriticalSatelliteDataPositionPaper

• Theprospectofprivate-sectoroperatorsofbasicsatellitesystemshastriggeredattentiontotheissueofdataaccessandavailabilityforglobalWMOapplications

• WMOisdevelopingapositiononwhattypesofsatellitedatausersconsidercriticalfortheprotectionoflifeandproperty,andwhichprinciplesshouldapplytothesedata(lead:WMOInter-Programme ExpertTeamonSatelliteUtilizationandProducts(IPET-SUP)chairedbyS.English,ECMWF)

• Purposesofthepaper:1. Guidegovernments/NMHSonthetermsunderwhichto

receive/purchasesatellitedatafromprivateoperators2. Guidedataprovidersontheprinciplestoapplytosatellite

datacriticalforWMOapplicationsJointCOSMICTenthDataUsers'Workshop

andIROWG-6Meeting

• Definitionof“criticalsatellitedata”forthepurposeofthepaper:

Anysatellitedatathatisrequiredtounderpinthe14WMOProgrammeapplicationareas [Ref]whereacriticaldemandintermsoftimeliness,spatialandtemporalresolutiontofulfiltheseobjectivesexists.“SpaceWeather”isreffered in#14Ref:http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/OSY/GOS-RRR.html(RollingReviewofRequirementsandStatementsofGuidance)



• Sevenprincipleshavebeendraftedthatprovidersofsatellitedatashouldfulfiltomeetthecriticaldataneedsofthemeteorologicalcommunity

• Thisisworkinprogress



Principlesthatshouldapplytocriticalsatellitedatafromtheusers’perspective

• Principle1:Internationalexchangeofcriticalsatellitedatainnearreal-timewiththeWMOcommunity

• Principle2:Transparencyininstrumentcharacteristicsandprocessingsteps

• Principle3:Documentedalgorithmsandvalidationinformationavailable• Principle4:Informationondatalatency,dataformat,andprocessingtools

available• Principle5:Timelyprovisionofpreliminarydatatousers(priortofull

operationofnewsystems)• Principle6:Demonstratedutilityofdatainapplications(“impact”)• Principle7:Freeandunrestrictedaccesstoarchiveddata


WMO'sInvolvementinSpaceWeather

EmphasizingsynergywithcoreWMOoperationalframeworksto

SpaceWeather


WMO'sInvolvementinSpaceWeather(1/5)

• InJune2008,theWMOExecutiveCouncil(EC-60)notedtheconsiderableimpactofSpaceWeatheronmeteorologicalinfrastructureandimportanthumanactivities.ItacknowledgedthepotentialsynergybetweenmeteorologicalandSpaceWeatherservicestooperationalusers.TheCouncilagreedthatWMOshouldsupportinternationalcoordinationofSpaceWeatheractivitiesandurgedWMOMemberstoprovidecorrespondingresourcesthroughSecondments andTrustFunddonations.



•InMay2010,WMOestablishedtheInterprogrammeCoordinationTeamonSpaceWeather(ICTSW) withamandatetosupportSpaceWeatherobservation,dataexchange,productandservicesdelivery,andoperationalapplications.AsofMay2016,ICTSWinvolvedexpertsfrom26WMOMembercountriesand7Internationalorganizations.



• InMay2011,theWorldMeteorologicalCongress(Cg-16)acknowledgedtheneedforacoordinatedeffortbyWMOMemberstoaddresstheobservingandservicerequirements toprotectthesocietyagainsttheglobalhazardsofSpaceWeather.

• InJuly2014 thepotentialspaceweatherservicestointernationalairtrafficnavigationwerediscussedattheconjointsessionoftheWMOCommissionforAeronauticalMeteorology(CAeM)andtheMeteorologicalDivisionoftheInternationalCivilAviationOrganization(ICAO).



- InMay2015,theWorldMeteorologicalCongress(Cg-17)agreedthatWMOshouldundertakeinternationalcoordinationofoperationalspaceweathermonitoringandforecasting withaviewtosupporttheprotectionoflife,propertyandcriticalinfrastructuresandtheimpactedeconomicactivitiesinanoptimizedoveralleffort.



- InJune2016,theExecutiveCouncil(EC-68)approvedtheFour-yearPlan forWMOactivitiesrelatedtoSpaceWeatherin2016-2019,andrequestedCAeMandCBStoestablishInter-ProgrammeTeamonSpaceWeatherInformation,SystemandServices(IPT-SWeISS)whowillpursuetheworkandachievementofICTSW


- In2014,CGMSdecidedtoincludeobjectivesrelatedtoSpaceWeathermonitoringintoitsmulti-yearHigh-LevelPriorityPlan(HLPP)andagreedonTermsofReferenceforCGMSSpaceWeatherActivities.

- ItisanticipatedthatCGMSwillsoonextendthescopeofitsactivitytowardsspace-basedobservationofSpaceWeathervariables.

- SpaceWeatherTaskTeam(SWTT)wasorganizedtodefinethemethodologyfortheimplementationofSpaceWeatherintoCGMS

CGMS’sInvolvementinSpaceWeather


WMOSpaceWeatherServices(Four-yearPlan:2016- 2019)

Asaresultofthisplannedeffort,space-basedandground-basedSpaceWeatherobservingsystemswillbebettercoordinated;-Consistent,quality-assuredSpaceWeatherproductswillbeavailabletoallWMOMembersthroughWMOInformationSystem(WIS);-SpaceWeatherservices,inparticular,forcivilaviationwillbeaddressedasrequiredbytheInternationalCivilAviationOrganization(ICAO)-IPT-SWeISSisexpectedtofacilitatetheeffectivecoordinationwithinitiativesexternaltoWMOandtoenablethelong-termimprovementofSpaceWeatherservicecapabilities.

to be implemented to improve capabilities of WMO Members to deliver Space Weather services;


IPT-SWeISSMembership(asofJuly2017)(20WMOMembers,and6UNandIntergovernmentalOrganizations)

WMOMembersCo-chairs:China andUSA

Argentina,Australia,Belgium,Brazil,Canada,France,Germany,Indonesia,Italy,Japan,Korea,Netherland,NewZealand, Poland,Russia,SouthAfrica,Switzerland,UK

UNandIntergovernmentalOrganizationCGMS,ESA,ICAO,ISES,ITU,UNOOSA


- ImplementationofaSpaceWeatherBasicSystem,includingissuesrelatedtoobservationtechniquesandnetworks,datamanagementandexchange,datacenters,andspaceclimatology

- PromotingofSpaceWeatherScience,includingissuesrelatedtomodelling,modelevaluationandverification,interactionwithclimate,andtransitionfromresearchtooperations

- DevelopmentofSpaceWeatherApplication,includingrequirementsevaluation,thedeliveryofservices,capacitybuildinganduserinteraction

AnUrgentNeedforAcceleratedActioninFour-yearPlan


WMO’sInitiativeforPromotingSpaceWeatherwillberealizedincollaborationwith

- Serviceproviders(ISES)- Space-basedobservationsproviders(e.g.,CGMS)- Scientificorganizations(e.g.,COSPAR)- UNandIntergovernmentalorganizations(e.g.,ICAO,ITU,ESA)ICAO:operational,globalspaceweatherinformationserviceforaviationITU:RadioFrequencyCoordination

- OverallUNspacepolicyframework(COPUOS)- EmphasizesynergywithcoreWMOoperationalframeworks;WIGOS,WIS,GDPFS


WMO operational frameworks

NMHSsdeliveranalyses,forecastandearlywarningservices

TheGDPFS:Global,RegionalSpecializedMet.Centres(RSMC,RCC),andNational Centres

191NMHSs:satellites,land,ships,buoys,andaircraftcontributetoGlobalObserving everyday

GlobalTelecom withRegionalHubs–becomingtheWMOInformationSystem

WIGOS

WIS

GDPFS

Service delivery

WMO Integrated Global Observing

System

WMO Information System

WMO Global Data-processing and

Forecasting Systems


As part of the long-established close working relationship between WMO and ICAO, e.g. World Area Forecast Centre (WAFC), Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centre (TCAC), and Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC). These centres provide specialized warning services for the aviation community.

The ICAO Meteorology Panel (METP) noted an update to a concept of operations for space weather that would enable an operational global space weather information service for aviation in the 2018 timeframe, and guidance on the space weather information provider designation process.

One of the key components in the realization of an operational, global space weather information service for aviation before the end of 2018 is the conducting, by WMO at ICAO’s request, of site assessments and audits of prospective space weather information providers.

CooperationwithInternationalCivilAviationOrganization(ICAO)


ICAO in cooperation with WMO established a framework for the International Airways Volcano Watch (IAVW) in 1993. Within this framework, nine Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers (VAACs) monitor volcanic eruptions and provide information on the locations and movement of volcanic ash in their areas of responsibility, as soon as volcanic ash is reported or detected (volcano observatory, pilot report, satellite imagery, etc.)

Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers (VAACs)


SummaryforWMO’sSpaceWeatherInitiative- SpaceWeatherisstillanareaofemergingimportancein

WMO.- Asanemergingarea,thelevelofmaturityofspaceweather

capabilitiesvariesconsiderablyamongWMOMembers.- WhereassomeMembershaveestablishedoperationalservice

capabilities,othersmayhaveaninterestonlyinexploringhoworiftheymayinitiatesomeactivity.

- Todate,onehighlysuccessfulaspectofthecurrentIPT-SWeISSisthatitallowsaforumforallWMOMemberswithanylevelofinterestormaturitytoparticipateinandcontributetospaceweather-relatedactivitiesanddiscussions.

- ItisimportantthatWMOMemberswithanexploratoryoremerginginterestwillcontinuetohaveameanstoparticipate.


Thankyou

Questions:[email protected]

7L30
