gis in the marshall islands building resilience to climate change
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GIS in the Marshall Islands
Building Resilience to Climate Change
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Marshall Islands
o North of the Equator
o Population of 53,000
o Gained Independence in 1986 from the US
o Micronesian Culture
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Geography of RMI
o 33 Atollso 4 Islandso 2 Chainso 750,000 sq.
miles EEZo 70 sq. miles
lando Ave. height
above sea level 7 foot
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Building GIS for Health o To reduce waterborne illnesses mapping and documenting
where/when outbreaks occur and isolate the cause of illness.
o Famous case of Dr. John Snow identifying that the outbreak of cholera in London in the 1840’s
o A great way of understanding the spread can be used as a tool to inform the public of any potential health emergencies/outbreaks.
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Building GIS for Community Based Resource Management- Reimaanlok
o Involves a step-by-step guide with management tools and examples that will help establish resource management plans and community-based conservation areas that consider current and future trends (including climate change), locally and globally, that affect the islands’ resources and their sustainability.
o The Namdrik Atoll Local Resources Committee, received global recognition for its outstanding efforts in sustainable development at the Rio +20 United Nation’s Conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
o Process aims to gather GIS database information atoll by atoll to develop a comprehensive resource management network across RMI for future management needs and requirements.
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Building GIS for Infrastructure Management
o MWSC water utility do not have a comprehensive GIS database of their infrastructure and the quantities of water flowing through their systems.
o GIS can map the infrastructure network and attempt to monitor the flow quantities across the network
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Building GIS to Analyse Water Supply & Sanitation Methods
o Census Data is revealing in that it tells us the percentage of improved water treatment methods and breaks it down into methods
o However there is a need to locate the communities that need improved water treatment methods
o GIS mapping of the data by household can create a picture of where to focus programs
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Census GIS Mapping
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Building GIS to Analyse Water Supply & Sanitation Methods
o Data can be misleading by itself
o 16% of households take over 30 mins round trip
o However this is primarily on Ebeye, where workers in the morning head to Kwajalein US Army Base with a empty water container, and return at the end of the day with it filled to Ebeye.
o This distorts the figures greatly.
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Building GIS to Analyse Water Supply & Sanitation Methods
o Similar to water supply, household sanitation coverage data is misleading
o 29% of the population do not have improved sanitation methods
o This mainly occurs in the Outer Islands where it is still common to defecate either in the water or on the land directly
o However issues arise with septic coverage within the urban areas where they are often required to use the municipal piped system.
o Hence coverage of septic vs. piped systems need to be mapped to visualise any trends
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Building GIS to Monitor Water Quality Parameters over time
o There are plans to ramp up water quality monitoring in the outer islands
o However the results need to be documented to see the change over time, especially in the salinity and faecal contamination of the groundwater
o The information presented back to the islanders needs to be as basic and visual as possible for them to understand
o GIS can be a great tool in presenting that information
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Using GIS to Enable Donor Delivery
o When donors deliver projects they do their own assessment like the EU with their Rainwater Tanks program.
o The EU developed a great database of the ranking the needs of households and target the most advantaged first.
o However various other programs that followed could have built upon this information and delivered to the next most needed households instead they spent great money on developing their own systems
o RMI needs to develop a database of rainwater tanks and required tanks in order to remain consistent in delivery in targeting the disadvantaged
o It can also be used to entice further donor investments, with known requirements and outcomes
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Using GIS to Build Resistance to Climate Variability
o In understanding climate variability it is importing to monitor the parameters of the environment and resources whether that entails sea-level rise, air and water temperature, coastal morphology, rainfall or other parameters.
o The change over time and the trends that the information gives enables greater decision making and planning for disaster risk management, climate change adaptations and resource use management practices.
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Kommol Tata
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